Dataset Information

Epidemiological investigation of porcine pseudorabies virus and its coinfection rate in Shandong Province in China from 2015 to 2018.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Pseudorabies, also known as Aujeszky's disease, is caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) and has been recognized as a critical disease affecting the pig industry and a wide range of animals around the world, resulting in great economic losses each year. Shandong province, one of the most vital food animal-breeding regions in China, has a very dense pig population, within which pseudorabies infections were detected in recent years. The data, however, on PRV epidemiology and coinfection rates of PRV with other major swine diseases is sparse. OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to investigate the PRV epidemiology in Shandong and analyze the current control measures. METHODS:In this study, a total number of 16,457 serum samples and 1,638 tissue samples, which were collected from 362 intensive pig farms (? 300 sows/farm) covered all cities in Shandong, were tested by performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS:Overall, 52.7% and 91.5% of the serum samples were positive for PRV-gE and -gB, respectively, based on ELISA results. In addition, 15.7% of the tissue samples were PCR positive for PRV. The coinfection rates of PRV with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and classical swine fever virus were measured; coinfection with PCV2 was 35.0%, higher than those of the other two viruses. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were observed in various tissues during histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS:The results demonstrate the PRV prevalence and its coinfection rates in Shandong province and indicate that pseudorabies is endemic in pig farms in this region. This study provides epidemiological data that can be useful in the prevention and control of pseudorabies in Shandong, China.

SUBMITTER: Ma Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7263908 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Epidemiological investigation of porcine pseudorabies virus and its coinfection rate in Shandong Province in China from 2015 to 2018.

Ma Zicheng Z Han Zifeng Z Liu Zhaohu Z Meng Fanliang F Wang Hongyu H Cao Longlong L Li Yan Y Jiao Qiulin Q Liu Sidang S Liu Mengda M

Journal of veterinary science 20200501 3

<h4>Background</h4>Pseudorabies, also known as Aujeszky's disease, is caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) and has been recognized as a critical disease affecting the pig industry and a wide range of animals around the world, resulting in great economic losses each year. Shandong province, one of the most vital food animal-breeding regions in China, has a very dense pig population, within which pseudorabies infections were detected in recent years. The data, however, on PRV epidemiology and co ...[more]

PMID: 32476312

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Project description:Pseudorabies (PR) is a disease that is seriously endangering the pig industry in China. To understand the current prevalence of pseudorabies virus (PRV) in Shandong Province, China, 19,292 serum samples were collected from 16 locations in Shandong from 2018 to 2020. The gE antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ninety-seven suspected cases of PRV infection were collected from sick pigs vaccinated with Bartha-K61 to isolate PRV. The results showed that the average positive rate of the PRV gE antibody decreased from 38.20% in 2018 to 18.12% in 2020, but there was a high positive rate in sows. The isolation rate of PRV was 13.40% (13/97), and four strains were purified through plaque assay (named PRV-SD1, PRV-SD2, PRV-SD3, and PRV-SD4). The homology and genetic evolution of four PRV strains based on gE, gC, gI, and TK genes were analyzed and showed that these four strains shared more than 99.0% nucleotide homology with the variant PRV XJ5 strain, and they clustered in the same sub-branch with the domestic variant PRV strains, including JS-2012 and XJ5. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of the isolated variant strain was assessed by intranasal infection of 16-week-old pigs with 1 mL PRV-SD1 strain. The results of the animal experiment demonstrated that the PRV-SD1-infected pigs exhibited obvious clinical symptoms as early as 2 days post inoculation (dpi), and all infected pigs died within 1 week. The severe hyperemia of meninges and swelling of lungs and tonsils were observed. Histopathology analysis showed the obvious lymphocytes necrosis of tonsils, interstitial pneumonia, and viral encephalitis. Many positive staining cells were observed in tonsils and brains through immunohistochemistry staining assay. Viral shedding in oropharyngeal and rectal swabs were detected at 2 dpi, reached a peak at 3 dpi, and then gradually decreased. The detection of viral loads in the tissues showed that tonsils had the highest virus titer, further proving it may be the target organ of variant PRV infection. In conclusion, variant PRV strains were still highly prevalent in Shandong Province, and they had a strong pathogenicity in pigs.

Dataset Information

Epidemiological investigation of porcine pseudorabies virus and its coinfection rate in Shandong Province in China from 2015 to 2018.

Publications

Epidemiological investigation of porcine pseudorabies virus and its coinfection rate in Shandong Province in China from 2015 to 2018.

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