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Comparing Gut Microbiome in Mothers' Own Breast Milk- and Formula-Fed Moderate-Late Preterm Infants.

ABSTRACT: Gut microbiome plays an important role in adult human health and diseases. However, how nutritional factors shape the initial colonization of gut bacteria in infants, especially in preterm infants, is still not completely known. In this study, we compared the effects of feeding with mothers' own breast milk (MBM) and formula on the initial composition and gene expression of gut bacteria in moderate-late preterm infants. Fecal samples were collected from ten formula-fed and ten MBM healthy infants born between 32 and 37 weeks' gestation after they reached full-volume enteral feedings. Total DNAs were extracted from fecal samples for amplicon sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and total RNA with rRNA depletion for metatranscriptome RNA-Seq 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing results showed that the alpha-diversity was similar between the MBM- and formula-fed preterm infants, but the beta-diversity showed a significant difference in composition (p = 0.002). The most abundant taxa were Veillonella (18.4%) and Escherichia/Shigella (15.2%) in MBM infants, whereas the most abundant taxa of formula-fed infants were Streptococcus (18.6%) and Klebsiella (17.4%). The genera Propionibacterium, Streptococcus, and Finegoldia and order Clostridiales had significantly higher relative abundance in the MBM group than the formula group, whereas bacteria under family Enterobacteriaceae, genera Enterococcus and Veillonella, and class Bacilli were more abundant in the formula group. In general, microbiomes from both diet groups exhibited high functional levels of catalytic activity and metabolic processing when analyzed for gene ontology using a comparative metatranscriptome approach. Statistically, the microbial genes in the MBM group had an upregulation in expression related to glycine reductase, periplasmic acid stress response in Enterobacteria, acid resistance mechanisms, and L-fucose utilization. In contrast, the formula-fed group had upregulations in genes associated with methionine and valine degradation functions. Our data suggest that the nutritional source plays a role in shaping the moderate-late preterm gut microbiome as evidenced by the differences in bacterial composition and gene expression profiles in the fecal samples. The MBM group enriched Propionibacterium. Glycine reductase was highly upregulated in the microbiota from MBM along with the upregulated acid stress tolerance genes, suggesting that the intensity of fermentation process was enhanced.

SUBMITTER: Wang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7264382 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparing Gut Microbiome in Mothers' Own Breast Milk- and Formula-Fed Moderate-Late Preterm Infants.

Wang Ziyi Z Neupane Achal A Vo Richard R White Jessica J Wang Xiuqing X Marzano Shin-Yi Lee SL

Frontiers in microbiology 20200526

Gut microbiome plays an important role in adult human health and diseases. However, how nutritional factors shape the initial colonization of gut bacteria in infants, especially in preterm infants, is still not completely known. In this study, we compared the effects of feeding with mothers' own breast milk (MBM) and formula on the initial composition and gene expression of gut bacteria in moderate-late preterm infants. Fecal samples were collected from ten formula-fed and ten MBM healthy infant ...[more]

PMID: 32528425

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Project description:Background: Differing environmental conditions experienced by mother-infant dyads may influence composition of the milk received by the infant. As a consequence, diverse milk compositional profiles may contribute to different postnatal outcomes, especially in infants facing adverse perinatal environments. We investigated whether variability in milk concentrations of key metabolic hormones is associated with different growth outcomes in infants born preterm, a perinatal complication known to impact on infant growth. Methods: Human milk samples were collected from 169 mothers of 191 infants enrolled in the DIAMOND trial, a randomized trial of nutrition for moderate-late preterm infants, at 5 and 10 days postpartum and again at 4 months' corrected age and analyzed for leptin, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. Infant weight and body composition were measured at birth, discharge and 4 months' corrected age. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine correlations between milk hormone concentrations, weight z-scores and body composition at discharge and 4 months' corrected age, and weight gain from birth to 4 months' corrected age. Sex-specific interactions were examined. Results: Higher milk IGF-1 concentrations on day 5 after birth were associated with greater infant fat-free mass at 4 months' corrected age. Milk IGF-1 concentrations at 4 months were positively associated with fat mass and fat-free mass at 4 months in boys but not girls. Milk leptin concentrations on day 5 after birth were positively associated with fat mass at discharge from hospital, but negatively associated with fat mass at 4 months' corrected age. No significant association was found for milk adiponectin concentrations. Conclusion: Milk IGF-1 and leptin concentrations in mothers of moderate-late preterm babies are associated with different growth and body composition through to 4 months' corrected age and these associations are often different in boys and girls. The sex-specific effects of nutrient and hormone exposure during early life in preterm infants warrants further investigation to optimize the nutritional care these infants receive, particularly in hospital, where the same nutrition is provided to boys and girls.

Dataset Information

Comparing Gut Microbiome in Mothers' Own Breast Milk- and Formula-Fed Moderate-Late Preterm Infants.

Publications

Comparing Gut Microbiome in Mothers' Own Breast Milk- and Formula-Fed Moderate-Late Preterm Infants.

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