Dataset Information

Investigation of the Effects of Apple Trees Infection by Erwinia amylovora on the Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Homologous to Allergens.

ABSTRACT: Background:Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Some plant proteins, including Mal d 1, Mal d 2, and Mal d 3 in apple, are allergens. In this study, the effects of Erwinia amylovora infection of two apple cultivars, Red and Golden Delicious, on the expression of PR proteins homologous to Mal d 1, 2, and 3 were investigated. Methods:In natural conditions trees with or without disease symptoms were sampled. In addition, seeds of the cultivars were grown in a greenhouse and seedlings were examined in three groups: 1) those inoculated by E. amylovora, 2) those inoculated by sterilized distilled water, and 3) uninoculated. Real-time PCR was used to determine expression of the Mal d 1, 2, and 3 genes (Mal d 1, 2, and 3) in infected and uninfected samples. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and graphs were produced by Excel. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results:The analysis of variance showed that in natural conditions the effect of infection on the mean relative expression of Mal d 2 and 3 was significant, and more so in Red than in Golden Delicious. The analysis of variance of the greenhouse samples showed that the effect of infection on the mean relative expression of Mal d 1, 2, and 3 in both cultivars was significant. Conclusion:Our results suggest that Mal d 2 is more related to plant defense than Mal d 1 or Mal d 3, and is more highly expressed in E. amylovora-resistant than in E. amylovora-sensitive cultivars.

SUBMITTER: Beikzadeh N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7275835 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Investigation of the Effects of Apple Trees Infection by <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> on the Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Homologous to Allergens.

Beikzadeh Nasser N Varasteh Abdol-Reza AR

Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology 20200101 4

<h4>Background</h4>Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Some plant proteins, including Mal d 1, Mal d 2, and Mal d 3 in apple, are allergens. In this study, the effects of <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> infection of two apple cultivars, Red and Golden Delicious, on the expression of PR proteins homologous to Mal d 1, 2, and 3 were investigated.<h4>Methods</h4>In natural conditions trees with or without disease symptoms were sampled. In addition, se ...[more]

PMID: 32582795

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundPathogen entry through host blossoms is the predominant infection pathway of the gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora leading to manifestation of the disease fire blight. Like in other economically important plant pathogens, E. amylovora pathogenicity depends on a type III secretion system encoded by hrp genes. However, timing and transcriptional order of hrp gene expression during flower infections are unknown.Methodology/principal findingsUsing quantitative real-time PCR analyses, we addressed the questions of how fast, strong and uniform key hrp virulence genes and the effector dspA/E are expressed when bacteria enter flowers provided with the full defense mechanism of the apple plant. In non-invasive bacterial inoculations of apple flowers still attached to the tree, E. amylovora activated expression of key type III secretion genes in a narrow time window, mounting in a single expression peak of all investigated hrp/dspA/E genes around 24-48 h post inoculation (hpi). This single expression peak coincided with a single depression in the plant PR-1 expression at 24 hpi indicating transient manipulation of the salicylic acid pathway as one target of E. amylovora type III effectors. Expression of hrp/dspA/E genes was highly correlated to expression of the regulator hrpL and relative transcript abundances followed the ratio: hrpA>hrpN>hrpL>dspA/E. Acidic conditions (pH 4) in flower infections led to reduced virulence/effector gene expression without the typical expression peak observed under natural conditions (pH 7).Conclusion/significanceThe simultaneous expression of hrpL, hrpA, hrpN, and the effector dspA/E during early floral infection indicates that speed and immediate effector transmission is important for successful plant invasion. When this delicate balance is disturbed, e.g., by acidic pH during infection, virulence gene expression is reduced, thus partly explaining the efficacy of acidification in fire blight control on a molecular level.

Dataset Information

Investigation of the Effects of Apple Trees Infection by Erwinia amylovora on the Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Homologous to Allergens.

Publications

Investigation of the Effects of Apple Trees Infection by <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> on the Expression of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Homologous to Allergens.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets