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Improved Photocatalyzed Degradation of Phenol, as a Model Pollutant, over Metal-Impregnated Nanosized TiO2.

ABSTRACT: Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in aqueous solution over surface impregnated TiO2 (M = Cu, Cr, V) under UV-Vis (366 nm) and UV (254 nm) irradiation is described. Nanosized photocatalyts were prepared from TiO2-P25 by wet impregnation, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and adsorption studies. No oxide phases of the metal dopants were found, although their presence in the TiO2-P25 lattice induces tensile strain in Cu-impregnated TiO2-P25, whereas compressive strain in Cr- and V-impregnated TiO2-P25. Experimental evidences support chemical and mechanical stability of the photocatalysts. Type IV N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, with a small H3 loop near the maximum relative pressure were observed. Metal surface impregnated photocatalysts are mesoporous with a similar surface roughness, and a narrow pore distribution around ca. 25 Å. They were chemically stable, showing no metal lixiviation. Their photocatalytic activity was followed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and HPLC-UV. A first order kinetic model appropriately fitted the experimental data. The fastest phenol degradation was obtained with M (0.1%)/TiO2-P25, the reactivity order being Cu > V >> Cr > TiO2-P25 under 366 nm irradiation, while TiO2-P25 > Cu > V > Cr, when using 254 nm radiation. TOC removal under 366 nm irradiation for 300 min showed almost quantitative mineralization for all tested materials, while 254 nm irradiation for 60 min led to maximal TOC removal (ca. 30%). Photoproducts and intermediate photoproducts were identified by HPLC-MS, and appropriate reaction pathways are proposed. The energy efficiency of the process was analysed, showing UV lamps are superior to UVA lamps, and that the efficiency of the surface impregnated catalyst varies in the order Cu > V > Cr.

SUBMITTER: Belekbir S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7279559 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Improved Photocatalyzed Degradation of Phenol, as a Model Pollutant, over Metal-Impregnated Nanosized TiO2.

Belekbir S S El Azzouzi M M Hamidi A El AE Rodríguez-Lorenzo L L Santaballa J Arturo JA Canle M M

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20200522 5

Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in aqueous solution over surface impregnated TiO2 (M = Cu, Cr, V) under UV-Vis (366 nm) and UV (254 nm) irradiation is described. Nanosized photocatalyts were prepared from TiO2-P25 by wet impregnation, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and adsorption studies. No oxide phases of the metal dopants were found, although t ...[more]

PMID: 32455949

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Project description:Photocatalytic oxidation purposes an economical and environmental friendly process to remove benzene from indoor air pollution. However, the process efficiency is primarily dependent on catalytic-film. The main purpose of this study is to synthesize pre-vulcanized latex impregnated with TiO2 (PVL-TiO2 thin film) from natural rubber to be used in photo-catalytic oxidation for benzene removal in a reactor. PVL-TiO2 thin films were synthesized for 3 different dosages of TiO2, which were 5%, 15%, and 25% The outcome of this study offers the new application of modified natural rubber in terms of environmental and health care protection. Morphology of the synthesized films was analyzed by SEM. The results showed that TiO2 particles could be well dispersed all over the surface of the film, in which the best distribution could be found for the PVL-TiO2 15% thin film. Tensile stress of the films was analyzed using ASTM D412. Results showed that the stress of the films got higher with the increasing amount of TiO2 content. This indicates that TiO2 strengthened the PVL-TiO2 film because the uniformly distribution of TiO2 on the inner surface increased the strength of the film. The decomposition of PVL and PVL-TiO2 thin films was analyzed using thermo gravimetric analysis. The maximum weight loss rates in the range of 1.536-1.145 wt%/°C attained at between 380 - 382 °C TiO2 particles enhanced thermal stability of PVL-TiO2 thin films due to the high decomposition temperature of its properties and also acted as barrier for the heat transfer of the films. Specific surface area (SSA) of the films was analyzed using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Specific surface area increased as the increasing content of TiO2, which corresponded to the morphology analysis by SEM. The analysis of chemical functional group of thin films was performed using ATR-FTIR. The results of Crystal identification using XRD clearly showed good attachment of rutile TiO2 on the films. Finally, results of absorbance spectrums and band gap energy showed that PVL not only peg TiO2 particles but also reducing band gap energy which induced by S and ZnO. Therefore, PVL-TiO2 thin films could be used under visible light condition. The films were then used in the study of benzene removal in annular reactor. The highest removal efficiency (83%)for the PVL-TiO2 15% thin film was obtained. Comparing to the maximum removal efficiency for PVL film (28%), roughly 60% increase in efficiency was achieved. The PCO kinetics were well fit by a first order Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The calculation of oxidation rate and percentage of residual intermediates indicated that accumulation of residual intermediates can occur on the active site and the gas phase, resulting in increasing of residual intermediates. The successful synthesis of PVL-TiO2 thin film provides new opportunity to use natural rubber in terms of environmental and health care protection.

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Improved Photocatalyzed Degradation of Phenol, as a Model Pollutant, over Metal-Impregnated Nanosized TiO2.

Publications

Improved Photocatalyzed Degradation of Phenol, as a Model Pollutant, over Metal-Impregnated Nanosized TiO<sub>2</sub>.

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