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Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in a middle-aged Chinese population.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese adults aged 45-59 years. DESIGN:Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the major dietary patterns. Logistic regression models were applied to clarify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CKD. SETTING:The present study population was a part of the population-based Nutrition and Health Study performed in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, eastern China. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 2437 eligible participants (45-59 years) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study from June 2015 to December 2016. RESULTS:Three major dietary patterns were identified: 'traditional southern Chinese', 'Western' and 'grains-vegetables' patterns, collectively accounting for 25·6 % of variance in the diet. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the Western pattern had greater odds for CKD (OR = 1·83, 95 % CI 1·21, 2·81; P < 0·05) than those in the lowest quartile. Compared with the lowest quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern, the highest quartile had lower odds for CKD (OR = 0·84, 95 % CI 0·77, 0·93; P < 0·05). In addition, there was no significant association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and risk of CKD (P > 0·05). CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that the Western pattern is associated with an increased risk, whereas the grains-vegetables pattern is associated with a reduced risk for CKD. These findings can guide dietary interventions for the prevention of CKD in a middle-aged Chinese population.

SUBMITTER: Xu SS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7282855 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in a middle-aged Chinese population.

Xu Shan-Shan SS Hua Jun J Huang Yi-Qian YQ Shu Long L

Public health nutrition 20191002 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese adults aged 45-59 years.<h4>Design</h4>Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the major dietary patterns. Logistic regression models were applied to clarify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CKD.<h4>Setting</h4>The present study population was a part of the population-based Nutrition and Health S ...[more]

PMID: 31576799

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Project description:BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and loss of disability-adjusted life years in developed countries. This study derived a dietary pattern using an a priori method and additionally derived dietary patterns using a posteriori methods, and assessed the relationship with CVD risk factors in Taiwanese middle-aged and elderly adults.MethodsCross-sectional analyses of 62,965 subjects aged 40 years and above from the Mei Jau (MJ) database collected between 2003 and 2012 in Taiwan. Diet was assessed using a 22 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Using this information, three dietary patterns were generated. The a priori diet was labeled the Taiwanese dietary pattern and was derived using hypothesized effect of 22 food groups, while two a posteriori dietary patterns, "vegi-fruits" and "meat-processed", were derived using principal component analysis. The association between dietary patterns and a range of CVD risk factors (i.e. blood lipids, blood glucose and C-reactive protein) was evaluated using linear regression.ResultsThe results showed that high intake (Q5, quintile 5) of Taiwanese diet was negatively associated with CVD risk factors at (p < 0.001, model 3), but not with triacylglycerol. In addition, high intake of vegi-fruit dietary pattern (Q5) was negatively associated with CVD risk factors (p < 0.001), but not with high-density lipoprotein, while high consumption of meat-processed dietary pattern (Q5) was positively associated with CVD risk factors (p < 0.001), but negatively related with triacylglycerol in Q3 level and no association with C-reactive protein.ConclusionA negative association was observed between Taiwanese or vegi-fruit dietary patterns and CVD risk factors, while a positive association was found between meat-processed dietary pattern and CVD risk factors. The findings suggested that a diet rich in vegetables and fruits has a beneficial effect in the management of CVD risk factors.

Project description:ObjectiveIn the general population, "healthy" dietary patterns are associated with improved health outcomes, but data on associations between observance of specific dietary patterns and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are sparse.MethodsDietary intake was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires in patients with moderately severe CKD under nephrology care enrolled into the observational multicenter German CKD study. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score, Mediterranean diet score, and German Food Pyramid Index (GFPI) were calculated and their association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria was assessed by multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusted for gender, age, body mass index, energy intake, smoking status, alcohol intake, education, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL- cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.ResultsA total of 2,813 patients (41% women; age 60.1 ± 11.6 years) were included in the analysis. High DASH diet score and GFPI were associated with lower systolic blood pressure and lower intake of antihypertensive medication, higher HDL, and lower uric acid levels. Mediterranean-style diet was associated with lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Higher DASH and Mediterranean diet scores were associated with higher eGFR (β-coefficient = 1.226, P < .001; β-coefficient = 0.932, P = .007, respectively). In contrast, GFPI was not associated with eGFR. For the individual components of the dietary patterns, higher intake of nuts and legumes, cereals, fish, and polyunsaturated fats was associated with higher eGFR and higher intake of dairy, composed of low- and whole-fat dairy, was associated with lower eGFR. No association was found between dietary patterns and albuminuria.ConclusionHigher observance of the DASH or Mediterranean diet, but not German food pyramid recommendations, was associated with higher eGFR among patients with CKD. Improving dietary habits may offer an opportunity to better control comorbidities and kidney function decline in patients with CKD.

Project description:BackgroundChronic Kidney Disease (CKD), characterized by impaired kidney function, affects over 1.5 million individuals in Taiwan. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is commonly found in patients with CKD, and the increased prevalence of obesity can have some implications for the risk of both CKD and CVD. Since diet plays an important role in the development of obesity, CVD and CKD, our study was designed to investigate the association of kidney function-related dietary pattern with weight status, cardiovascular risk factors, and the severity of impaired kidney function in middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 41,128 participants aged 40 to 95 years old with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria were recruited from Mei Jau Health Institute between 2008 and 2010. The kidney function-related dietary pattern was identified using reduced rank regression (RRR) and was known as high consumption of preserved or processed food, meat, organ meats, rice/flour products, and, low consumption of fruit, dark-colored vegetables, bread, and beans. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association of weight status and cardiovascular risk factors with moderately/severely impaired kidney function (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and the association of dietary pattern with the outcomes aforementioned.ResultsModerately/severely impaired kidney function participants were heavier and had higher abnormality of cardiovascular risk factors compared with those with mildly impaired kidney function. Weight status (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.12-1.45, P < 0.001 for obesity) and cardiovascular risk factors (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.31-1.77, P < 0.001 for high total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio and OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.41-1.72, P < 0.001 for hypercalcemia) were positively associated with increased risk of moderately/severely impaired kidney function. The kidney function-related dietary pattern was correlated with overweight or obese (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.89-2.27, P < 0.01) weight status, increased cardiovascular risk by 10-31%, and the risk of moderately/severely impaired kidney function (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.29, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe RRR-derived kidney function-related dietary pattern, characterized by high intake of processed and animal foods and low intake of plant foods, predicts the risks for developing cardiovascular disease and moderately/severely impaired kidney function among middle-aged and older adults.

Project description:BackgroundNo studies have assessed the association between daytime napping and obesity in China. The study aimed to examine the association between daytime napping and obesity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, and to evaluate the difference between the aforementioned association in men and women.MethodsOverall, 14 685 participants aged 45 years and older were included by using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between daytime napping and obesity after adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses were performed to examine the association differences by sex. Besides, the Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to detect if there was a significant dose-response relationship between daytime napping and obesity.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 60.32, and the mean daytime napping duration was 38.97 minutes. In the sample, compared with no daytime napping group, the risks of being obese were higher in both moderate daytime napping group (1-60 minute/d) (odds ratio OR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-1.44) and extend long daytime napping group (>60 minute/d) (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.15-1.56). In sex stratification, these significant correlations only existed in women but not in men. Compared with no daytime napping, women who napped 1-60 minute/d and over 60 minute/d were more likely to be obese (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.18-1.59 and OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.23-1.81, respectively). Besides, the Cochran-Armitage trend test revealed that the prevalence rate of obesity increased as the daytime napping duration increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe study established the relationship between daytime napping and obesity in a general Chinese population. The association, however, was only detected among women. Furthermore, there was a dose-response relationship between daytime napping and obesity among women. Future studies may verify this association by using a longitudinal design and focus on the mechanisms behind such association.

Project description:ObjectiveThe impact of dietary factors on tinnitus has received limited research attention, despite being a considerable concern among people with tinnitus and clinicians. The objective was to examine the link between dietary factors and presence and severity of tinnitus.DesignThis study used the UK Biobank resource, a large cross-sectional study of adults aged 40-69. 171,722 eligible participants were asked questions specific to tinnitus (defined as noises such as ringing or buzzing in the head or ears). Dietary factors included portions of fruit and vegetables per day, weekly fish consumption (oily and non-oily), bread type, cups of caffeinated coffee per day, and avoidance of dairy, eggs, wheat and sugar. We controlled for lifestyle, noise exposure, hearing, personality and comorbidity factors.ResultsPersistent tinnitus, defined as present at least a lot of the time, was elevated with increased: (i) fruit/vegetable intake (OR?=?1.01 per portion/day), (ii) bread (wholemeal/wholegrain, OR?=?1.07; other bread, 1.20) and (iii) dairy avoidance (OR?=?1.27). Persistent tinnitus was reduced with: (i) fish consumption (non-oily, OR?=?0.91; oily, 0.95), (ii) egg avoidance (OR?=?0.87) and (iii) caffeinated coffee consumption (OR?=?0.99 per cup/day). Reports of “bothersome” tinnitus (moderate-severe handicap) reduced with wholemeal/wholegrain bread intake (OR = 0.86) [corrected].Reports of less frequent transient tinnitus increased with dairy avoidance (OR?=?1.18) and decreased with caffeinated coffee (OR?=?0.98 per cup/day) and brown bread (OR?=?0.94).ConclusionsThis is the first population study to report the association between dietary factors and tinnitus. Although individually dietary associations are mostly modest, particular changes in diet, such as switching between foodstuffs, may result in stronger associations. These findings offer insights into possible dietary associations with tinnitus, and this may be useful when discussing management options in combination with other lifestyle changes and therapies.

Dataset Information

Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in a middle-aged Chinese population.

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Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in a middle-aged Chinese population.

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