Dataset Information

Donated Human Milk as a Determinant Factor for the Gut Bifidobacterial Ecology in Premature Babies.

ABSTRACT: Correct establishment of the gut microbiome is compromised in premature babies, with Bifidobacterium being one of the most affected genera. Prematurity often entails the inability to successfully breastfeed, therefore requiring the implementation of other feeding modes; breast milk expression from a donor mother is the recommended option when their own mother's milk is not available. Some studies showed different gut microbial profiles in premature infants fed with breast milk and donor human milk, however, it is not known how this affects the species composition of the genus Bifidobacterium. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of donated human milk on shaping the gut bifidobacterial populations of premature babies during the first three months of life. We analyzed the gut bifidobacterial communities of 42 premature babies fed with human donor milk or own-mother milk by the 16S rRNA-23S rRNA internal transcriber spaces (ITS) region sequencing and q-PCR. Moreover, metabolic activity was assessed by gas chromatography. We observed a specific bifidobacterial profile based on feeding type, with higher bifidobacterial diversity in the human donor milk group. Differences in specific Bifidobacterium species composition may contribute to the development of specific new strategies or treatments aimed at mimicking the impact of own-mother milk feeding in neonatal units.

SUBMITTER: Arboleya S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7285294 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Donated Human Milk as a Determinant Factor for the Gut Bifidobacterial Ecology in Premature Babies.

Arboleya Silvia S Saturio Silvia S Suárez Marta M Fernández Nuria N Mancabelli Leonardo L de Los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G CG Ventura Marco M Solís Gonzalo G Gueimonde Miguel M

Microorganisms 20200519 5

Correct establishment of the gut microbiome is compromised in premature babies, with <i>Bifidobacterium</i> being one of the most affected genera. Prematurity often entails the inability to successfully breastfeed, therefore requiring the implementation of other feeding modes; breast milk expression from a donor mother is the recommended option when their own mother's milk is not available. Some studies showed different gut microbial profiles in premature infants fed with breast milk and donor h ...[more]

PMID: 32438679

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Project description:Pasteurization of donated human milk preserves it for storage and makes it safe for feeding, but at the expense of its composition, nutritional values and functions. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of Holder Pasteurization (HoP) and High Pressure Processing (HPP) methods on miRNA in human milk and to evaluate impact of these changes on miRNA functions. Milk samples obtained from women in 50th day of lactation (n = 3) were subjected either to HoP, HPP or remained unpasteurized as a control. Subsequently, miRNA was isolated from whole material and exosomal fraction and sequenced with Illumina NextSeq 500. Sequencing data were processed, read counts were mapped to miRNA and analyzed both quantitatively with DESeq2 and functionally with DIANA mirPath v.3. While HPP caused statistically insignificant decrease in number of miRNA reads compared to unprocessed material, HoP led to 82-fold decrease in whole material (p = 0.0288) and 302-fold decrease in exosomes (p = 0.0021) not leaving enough reads for further analysis. Changes in composition of miRNA fraction before and after HPP indicated uneven stability of individual miRNAs under high pressure conditions, with miR-30d-5p identified as relatively stable and miR-29 family as sensitive to HPP. Interestingly, about 2/3 of unprocessed milk miRNA content consists of only 10 distinct miRNAs with miR-148a-3p at the top. Functional analysis of most abundant human milk miRNAs showed their involvement in signaling pathways, cell communication, proliferation and metabolism that are obviously important in rapidly growing infants. Functions of miRNAs which suffered the greatest depletion during HPP were similar to roles of the majority of unprocessed human milk's miRNA, which indicates that those functions may be weakened although not completely lost. Our findings indicate that HPP is less detrimental to human milk miRNAs than HoP and should be considered in further research on recommended processing procedures for human milk banks.

Project description:BackgroundPreterm birth is associated with an increased risk of many complications, which is a main public health problem worldwide with social and economic consequences. Human milk from breast feeding has been proved to be the optimal nutrition strategy for preterm infants when available. However, the lack of human milk from mothers makes formula widely used in clinical practice. In recent years, donated breast milk has gained popularity as an alternative choice which can provide human milk oligosaccharides and other bioactive substances.ObjectiveWe aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the nutritional effects of donated breast milk on preterm infants compared with formula.MethodIn the present study, we searched Medline, Web of Science, Embase, clinicaltrials.gov, the China national knowledge infrastructure, and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials for candidate randomized controlled trials (RCTs).ResultsA total of 1390 patients were enrolled in 11 RCTs and meta-analysis results showed that donated breast milk is also more advantageous in reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC, RR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.93, p = 0.02), reducing the duration of parenteral nutrition (MD = -2.39, 95% CI = -3.66 to -1.13, p = 0.0002) and the time of full enteral feeding (MD = -0.33, 95% CI = -3.23 to 2.57, p = 0.0002). In comparison, formula significantly promotes the growth of premature infants, including their weight gain (MD = -3.45, 95% CI = -3.68 to -3.21, p < 0.00001), head growth (MD = -0.07, 95% CI = -0.08 to -0.06, p < 0.00001) and body length (MD = -0.13, 95% CI = -0.15 to -0.11, p < 0.00001), and reduces the time it takes for premature infants to regain birth weight (MD = 6.60, 95% CI = 6.11 to 7.08, p < 0.00001.ConclusionCompared with formula, donated breast milk could significantly reduce the incidence of NEC, the duration of parenteral nutrition, and the time of full enteral feeding. Adding fortifiers in donated milk could make it as effective as formula in promoting the physical growth of premature infants.

Dataset Information

Donated Human Milk as a Determinant Factor for the Gut Bifidobacterial Ecology in Premature Babies.

Publications

Donated Human Milk as a Determinant Factor for the Gut Bifidobacterial Ecology in Premature Babies.

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