Dataset Information

Measurement System for Unsupervised Standardized Assessment of Timed "Up & Go" and Five Times Sit to Stand Test in the Community-A Validity Study.

ABSTRACT: Comprehensive and repetitive assessments are needed to detect physical changes in an older population to prevent functional decline at the earliest possible stage and to initiate preventive interventions. Established instruments like the Timed "Up & Go" (TUG) Test and the Sit-to-Stand Test (SST) require a trained person (e.g., physiotherapist) to assess physical performance. More often, these tests are only applied to a selected group of persons already functionally impaired and not to those who are at potential risk of functional decline. The article introduces the Unsupervised Screening System (USS) for unsupervised self-assessments by older adults and evaluates its validity for the TUG and SST. The USS included ambient and wearable movement sensors to measure the user's test performance. Sensor datasets of the USS's light barriers and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) were analyzed for 91 users aged 73 to 89 years compared to conventional stopwatch measurement. A significant correlation coefficient of 0.89 for the TUG test and of 0.73 for the SST were confirmed among USS's light barriers. Correspondingly, for the inertial data-based measures, a high and significant correlation of 0.78 for the TUG test and of 0.87 for SST were also found. The USS was a validated and reliable tool to assess TUG and SST.

SUBMITTER: Fudickar S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7287989 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Measurement System for Unsupervised Standardized Assessment of Timed "Up & Go" and Five Times Sit to Stand Test in the Community-A Validity Study.

Fudickar Sebastian S Hellmers Sandra S Lau Sandra S Diekmann Rebecca R Bauer Jürgen M JM Hein Andreas A

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20200515 10

Comprehensive and repetitive assessments are needed to detect physical changes in an older population to prevent functional decline at the earliest possible stage and to initiate preventive interventions. Established instruments like the Timed "Up & Go" (TUG) Test and the Sit-to-Stand Test (SST) require a trained person (e.g., physiotherapist) to assess physical performance. More often, these tests are only applied to a selected group of persons already functionally impaired and not to those who ...[more]

PMID: 32429306

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Project description:Introduction: Inertial sensors generate objective and sensitive metrics of movement disability that may indicate fall risk in many clinical conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS). The Timed-Up-And-Go (TUG) task is used to assess patient mobility because it incorporates clinically-relevant submovements during standing. Most sensor-based TUG research has focused on the placement of sensors at the spine, hip or ankles; an examination of thigh activity in TUG in multiple sclerosis is wanting. Methods: We used validated sensors (x-IMU by x-io) to derive transparent metrics for the sit-to-stand (SI-ST) transition and the stand-to-sit (ST-SI) transition of TUG, and compared effect sizes for metrics from inertial sensors on the thighs to effect sizes for metrics from a sensor placed at the L3 level of the lumbar spine. Twenty-three healthy volunteers were compared to 17 ambulatory persons with MS (PwMS, HAI ? 2). Results: During the SI-ST transition, the metric with the largest effect size comparing healthy volunteers to PwMS was the Area Under the Curve of the thigh angular velocity in the pitch direction-representing both thigh and knee extension; the peak of the spine pitch angular velocity during SI-ST also had a large effect size, as did some temporal measures of duration of SI-ST, although less so. During the ST-SI transition the metric with the largest effect size in PwMS was the peak of the spine angular velocity curve in the roll direction. A regression was performed. Discussion: We propose for PwMS that the diminished peak angular velocity during SI-ST directly represents extensor weakness, while the increased roll during ST-SI represents diminished postural control. Conclusions: During the SI-ST transition of TUG, angular velocities can discriminate between healthy volunteers and ambulatory PwMS better than temporal features. Sensor placement on the thighs provides additional discrimination compared to sensor placement at the lumbar spine.

Project description:BackgroundMethods to quantify and evaluate function are important for development of specific rehabilitation interventions. This study aimed to evaluate functional movement compensation in individuals with hip osteoarthritis performing the five times sit-to-stand test and change following total hip arthroplasty. To this end, trajectories of the body's center of mass in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior dimensions were quantified prior to and 1 year after total hip arthroplasty and compared to a healthy control group.MethodsTwenty-eight individuals with hip osteoarthritis and 21 matched healthy controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Within 1 month prior to and 1 year after total hip arthroplasty, performance on the five times sit-to-stand test was evaluated using three-dimensional motion analysis and perceived pain using a visual analog scale. The center of mass trajectories for the medial-lateral and the anterior-posterior dimensions were identified, and the area under the curve was calculated, respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to evaluate differences in the area under the curve, between pre- and postoperative performance, and between participants with hip osteoarthritis and controls.ResultsPreoperatively, individuals with hip osteoarthritis displayed a larger contralateral shift (p < 0.001) and forward displacement of the center of mass (p = 0.022) compared to controls. After surgery, deviations in both dimensions were reduced (medial-lateral p = 0.013; anterior-posterior p = 0.009). However, as compared to controls, the contralateral shift of the center of mass remained larger (p = 0.010), indicative of persistent asymmetric limb loading. Perceived pain was significantly reduced postoperatively (p < 0.001).ConclusionsBy quantifying the center of mass trajectory during five times sit-to-stand test performance, functional movement compensations could be detected and evaluated over time. Prior to total hip arthroplasty, individuals with hip osteoarthritis presented with an increased contralateral shift and forward displacement of the center of mass, representing a strategy to reduce pain by unloading the affected hip and reducing required hip and knee extension moments. After surgery, individuals with total hip arthroplasty displayed a persistent increased contralateral shift as compared to controls. This finding has implications for rehabilitation, where more focus must be directed towards normalizing loading of the limbs.

Project description:The Five-time Sit-to-Stand (5xSTS) Test is a performance-based measure used by clinicians and researchers to assess the body functions needed to accomplish sit-to-stand transitions (e.g., lower limb strength, balance, and trunk control). The current requirements for performance of the 5xSTS Test (i.e., crossing arms over the chest) may not be appropriate for many, if not most lower limb prosthesis (LLP) users. The study aims were to (1) develop a modified five-time sit-to-stand (m5xSTS) Test protocol; (2) to examine initial evidence of known-groups construct validity among LLP users by comparing differences in performance by amputation level, amputation etiology, and functional level; and (3) to assess initial evidence of convergent construct validity by examining the correlations between m5xSTS performance with self-reported mobility (Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M)), self-reported balance confidence (Activities-balance Confidence Scale (ABC)) and functional capability (comfortable walking speed). Three-hundred sixty-one LLP users participated in this cross-sectional study. The investigators developed a m5xSTS Test protocol that allows tested individuals to use different assistance strategies (i.e., use of upper limbs to push off thighs, push up from the armrests, or use a walker) when needed to perform the test. The investigators recorded m5xSTS Test times and assistance strategies. Significant differences in m5xSTS Test times were found between those who did and did not use an assistance strategy, as well as between participants grouped by different amputation level, etiology, and functional level. Significant moderate negative correlations were found between m5xSTS Test times and PLUS-M T-score (ρ = -0.42, p<0.001), ABC score (ρ = -0.42, p<0.001), and comfortable walking speed (ρ = -0.64, p<0.001), respectively. The m5xSTS Test allows LLP users to perform sit-to-stand transitions in a manner that accounts for their functional impairments, is consistent with post-amputation training, and is safe for the tested individual. Results from this study provide preliminary evidence of known groups and convergent construct validity for the m5xSTS Test with a large national sample of LLP users.

Dataset Information

Measurement System for Unsupervised Standardized Assessment of Timed "Up & Go" and Five Times Sit to Stand Test in the Community-A Validity Study.

Publications

Measurement System for Unsupervised Standardized Assessment of Timed "Up & Go" and Five Times Sit to Stand Test in the Community-A Validity Study.

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