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Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes.

ABSTRACT: Understanding the physical mechanisms that underpin the link between fluid injection and seismicity is essential in efforts to mitigate the seismic risk associated with subsurface technologies. To that end, here we develop a poroelastic model of earthquake nucleation based on rate-and-state friction in the manner of spring-sliders, and analyze conditions for the emergence of stick-slip frictional instability-the mechanism for earthquakes-by carrying out a linear stability analysis and nonlinear simulations. We find that the likelihood of triggering earthquakes depends largely on the rate of increase in pore pressure rather than its magnitude. Consequently, fluid injection at constant rate acts in the direction of triggering seismic rupture at early times followed by aseismic creep at late times. Our model implies that, for the same cumulative volume of injected fluid, an abrupt high-rate injection protocol is likely to increase the seismic risk whereas a gradual step-up protocol is likely to decrease it.

SUBMITTER: Alghannam M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7298001 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes.

Alghannam Maryam M Juanes Ruben R

Nature communications 20200616 1

Understanding the physical mechanisms that underpin the link between fluid injection and seismicity is essential in efforts to mitigate the seismic risk associated with subsurface technologies. To that end, here we develop a poroelastic model of earthquake nucleation based on rate-and-state friction in the manner of spring-sliders, and analyze conditions for the emergence of stick-slip frictional instability-the mechanism for earthquakes-by carrying out a linear stability analysis and nonlinear ...[more]

PMID: 32546793

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Publisher Correction: Understanding dynamic friction through spontaneously evolving laboratory earthquakes.

Project description:The HTML version of this Article incorrectly omits Supplementary Movie 1. Supplementary Movie 1 can be found as Supplementary Information associated with this Correction.

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