Dataset Information

Comprehensive Behavioral Therapy of Trichotillomania: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design.

ABSTRACT: Despite rapidly increasing knowledge about Trichotillomania (TTM), no gold-standard evidence-based psychological intervention has been identified. In the current study, we evaluated the potential efficacy of an eight-session psychological intervention for TTM, namely the Comprehensive Behavioral Model (ComB) treatment, using a multiple-baseline single-case experimental design with three Italian women with TTM. The study included three phases: baseline, intervention, and 3-month follow-up. We assessed the intervention using daily self-monitoring of number of hair-pulling episodes, number of pulled hairs per episode, degree of resistance to pulling urges, and degree of associated distress. We also assessed for reliable improvement in general distress from baseline to post-intervention. All participants completed treatment and showed improvements on those symptom measures that were most relevant to their individualized case conceptualization. However, no participants recovered completely or demonstrated reliable improvement in general distress. Our results provide initial evidence for the utility of the ComB treatment for TTM in an Italian clinical setting. Furthermore, they support the delivery of individualized and flexible psychological treatments when treating TTM.

SUBMITTER: Bottesi G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7298435 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Comprehensive Behavioral Therapy of Trichotillomania: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design.

Bottesi Gioia G Ouimet Allison Jane AJ Cerea Silvia S Granziol Umberto U Carraro Eleonora E Sica Claudio C Ghisi Marta M

Frontiers in psychology 20200610

Despite rapidly increasing knowledge about Trichotillomania (TTM), no gold-standard evidence-based psychological intervention has been identified. In the current study, we evaluated the potential efficacy of an eight-session psychological intervention for TTM, namely the Comprehensive Behavioral Model (ComB) treatment, using a multiple-baseline single-case experimental design with three Italian women with TTM. The study included three phases: baseline, intervention, and 3-month follow-up. We ass ...[more]

PMID: 32587552

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundThe significant prevalence of children with high intellectual potential (HIP) in the school-age population and the high rate of comorbidity with learning disabilities such as dyslexia has increased the demand for speech and language therapy and made it more complex. However, the management of dyslexic patients with high intellectual potential (HIP-DD) is poorly referenced in the literature. A large majority of studies on HIP-DD children focus on the screening and diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, but only a few address remediation. Developmental dyslexia is a severe and persistent disorder that affects the acquisition of reading and implies the impairment of several underlying cognitive processes. These include deficits in Categorical Perception, Rapid Automatized Naming, and phonological awareness, particularly phonemic awareness. Some authors claim that HIP-DD children's underlying deficits mainly concern rapid automatized naming and phonological awareness. Thus, the purpose of this study is to present a remediation protocol for developmental dyslexia in HIP-DD children. This protocol proposes to compare the effects on reading skills of an intensive intervention targeting categorical perception, rapid automatized naming, and phonemic analysis versus standard speech therapy remediation in HIP-DD children.MethodsA multiple-baseline single-case experimental design (A1BCA2) will be proposed to 4 French HIP-DD patients for a period of 30 weeks. Intervention phases B and C correspond to categorical perception training and rapid automatized naming training. During phases B and C, each training session will be associated with phonemic analysis training and a reading and writing task. At inclusion, a speech and language, psychological, and neuropsychological assessment will be performed to define the four patients' profiles. Patients will be assigned to the different baseline lengths using a simple computerized randomization procedure. The duration of the phases will be counterbalanced. The study will be double blinded. A weekly measurement of phonological and reading skills will be performed for the full duration of the study.DiscussionThe purpose of this protocol is to observe the evolution of reading skills with each type of intervention. From this observation, hypotheses concerning the remediation of developmental dyslexia in HIP-DD children can be tested. The strengths and limitations of the study are discussed.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04028310 . Registered on July 18, 2019. Version identifier is no. ID RCB 2019-A01453-54, 19-HPNCL-02, 07/18/2019.

Project description:Background:One in twenty adolescents experience excessive worry and evidence-based psychological therapies are not sufficiently widespread to reach most of those affected. In this multiple baseline evaluation, we assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a scalable, online cognitive-behavioral intervention for adolescents with excessive worry (BIP worry). Methods:Thirteen adolescents (age 13-17) with excessive worry underwent the 10-week online BIP worry intervention. The treatment also included an online intervention for parents. Completion rates, treatment satisfaction, and adverse events were measures of feasibility. Clinical outcomes included worry severity, symptoms of other anxiety and depression, and general functioning. To control for time and spontaneous fluctuations in symptoms, adolescents were randomized to a 2-, 6-, or 10-week baseline phase prior to treatment. A short measure of worry severity was administered weekly during the baseline and treatment phases. Outcomes were assessed before the baseline-phase, at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 1- and 3-month follow-ups. Results:Twelve of 13 included adolescents, together with their parents, participated in BIP worry, with a mean completion rate of 9.8 of the 10 treatment modules. Adolescents reported an average of 4.4 exposures per week as homework during treatment. High levels of treatment adherence, credibility, and satisfaction, and no serious adverse events were reported. Therapists averaged 21 min per week communicating with each family. Linear mixed effects models indicated significant improvements in worry, anxiety, and general functioning from pre- to post-treatment, with these gains maintained at 1- and 3-months follow-up. Reductions in worry severity during treatment were significantly larger than during the baseline phase. The results from the multiple baseline evaluation suggested an association between the introduction of the BIP worry intervention and subsequent symptom change for some but not all adolescents. Conclusions:BIP worry is a feasible and potentially effective treatment. As the treatment is scalable and involves limited therapist contact, it represents a low-cost method for treating adolescents with excessive worry and anxiety. Further investigation under randomized controlled trial (RCT) conditions is warranted.

Project description:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental health disorder that can easily become a treatment-resistant condition. Although effective therapies exist, only about half of the patients seem to benefit from them when we consider treatment refusal, dropout rates, and residual symptoms. Thus, providing effective augmentation to standard therapies could improve existing treatments. Group compassion-focused interventions have shown promise for reducing depression, anxiety, and avoidance related to various clinical problems, but this approach has never been evaluated for OCD individuals. However, cultivating compassion for self and others seems crucial for OCD patients, given the accumulating research suggesting that fear of guilt, along with isolation and self-criticism, can strongly contribute to the development and maintenance of OCD. The primary aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the acceptability, tolerability, and effectiveness of an 8-week group compassion-focused intervention for reducing OCD symptoms, depression, fear of guilt and self-criticism, and increasing common humanity and compassionate self-reassuring skills in treatment-resistant OCD patients. Using a multiple baseline experimental design, the intervention was evaluated in a sample of OCD patients (N = 8) who had completed at least 6 months of CBT treatment for OCD, but who continued to suffer from significant symptoms. Participants were randomized to different baseline assessment lengths; they then received 8 weekly, 120-min group sessions of compassion-focused therapy for OCD (CFT-OCD), and then were tested again at post-treatment and at 1 month follow up. Despite the adverse external circumstances (post-treatment and follow-up data collection were carried out, respectively, at the beginning and in the middle of the Italian lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic), by the end of treatment, all participants demonstrated reliable decreases in OCD symptoms, and these improvements were maintained at 4-week follow-up for seven of eight participants. The intervention was also associated with improvements in fear of guilt, self-criticism, and self-reassurance, but less consistent improvements in depression and common humanity. Participants reported high levels of acceptability of and satisfaction with the intervention. Results suggest that the intervention may be beneficial as either a stand-alone treatment or as an augmentation to other treatments.

Project description:IntroductionIrritability is defined as a tendency towards anger in response to frustration. Clinically, impairing irritability is a significant public health problem. There is a need for mechanism-based psychotherapies targeting severe irritability as it manifests in the context of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). This study protocol describes a randomised multiple baseline design testing the preliminary efficacy of a new treatment, exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for severe irritability in youth, which also integrates components of parent management training. We will investigate associations of this intervention with primary clinical measures, as well as ecological momentary assessment measures.Methods and analysisForty youth will be enrolled. Participants, aged 8-17 years, must present at least one of two core symptoms of DMDD: abnormal mood or increased reactivity to negative emotional stimuli, with severe impairment in one domain (home, school, peers) and moderate in another, or moderate impairment in at least two domains. Each participant is randomised to a 2-week, 4-week or 6-week baseline observation period, followed by 12 active treatment sessions. Clinical ratings are conducted at baseline, biweekly (clinician), weekly (parent/child) throughout treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month and 6-month follow-up (clinician). Clinician ratings on the Affective Reactivity Index and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale for DMDD are our primary outcome measures. Secondary outcome measures include parent and child reports of irritability. Post hoc additional symptom measures include clinician, parent and self-ratings of depression, anxiety and overall functional impairment. Prospective, digitally based event sampling of symptoms is acquired for a week pre-treatment, mid-treatment and post-treatment. Based on our pathophysiological model of irritability implicating frustrative non-reward, aberrant threat processing and instrumental learning, we probe these three brain-based targets using functional MRI paradigms to assess target engagement.Ethics and disseminationThe research project and all related materials were submitted and approved by the appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).Trial registration numbersNCT02531893 and NCT00025935.

Dataset Information

Comprehensive Behavioral Therapy of Trichotillomania: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design.

Publications

Comprehensive Behavioral Therapy of Trichotillomania: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets