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Lifestyle associated factors and risk of urinary bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study from Norway.

ABSTRACT: A number of lifestyle associated factors, such as high body mass index (BMI), low physical activity, and related metabolic disorders, are associated with increased risk of cancer at several sites. For urinary bladder cancer (BC), such studies show inconsistent results, which could result from inadequate adjustment for smoking and occupational exposure. In the population-based Janus Cohort (n = 292 851), we investigated the independent and combined impact of BMI, physical activity, blood pressure, and blood lipids on the risk of BC, by thorough adjustment for smoking and potential occupational exposure. We used cox proportional hazard regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between the lifestyle associated factors and BC risk. The associations observed were dependent on smoking status and gender. Among men, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07) were positively associated with BC risk. Stratification by smoking status revealed a positive association between DBP and BC risk in never smokers (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.30), while no association was seen for current and former smokers. A risk score, integrating information across the lifestyle factors was positively associated with BC risk in men (p_trend = 0.043). In women, physical activity was associated with a decreased BC risk, but only among never smokers (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.94). In conclusion, relations between lifestyle associated factors and BC risk were most evident in never smokers, suggesting that smoking dominates the relation in current smokers.

SUBMITTER: Hektoen HH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7300409 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lifestyle associated factors and risk of urinary bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study from Norway.

Hektoen Helga H HH Robsahm Trude E TE Andreassen Bettina K BK Stenehjem Jo S JS Axcrona Karol K Mondul Alison A Gislefoss Randi E RE

Cancer medicine 20200421 12

A number of lifestyle associated factors, such as high body mass index (BMI), low physical activity, and related metabolic disorders, are associated with increased risk of cancer at several sites. For urinary bladder cancer (BC), such studies show inconsistent results, which could result from inadequate adjustment for smoking and occupational exposure. In the population-based Janus Cohort (n = 292 851), we investigated the independent and combined impact of BMI, physical activity, blood pressure ...[more]

PMID: 32319230

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Project description:While the associations between individual lifestyle factors and risk of pancreatic cancer were studied extensively, their combined impact has not been examined. We evaluated the association of a composite score of healthy lifestyle factors, including body mass index, cigarette smoking, the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), sleep duration, and physical activity with pancreatic cancer risk in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 63,257 Chinese aged 45 to 74 years at enrollment in 1993 to 1998 with up to 25 years of follow up. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to estimate HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI) with adjustment for multiple potential confounders. We identified 316 incident pancreatic cancer cases among the cohort participants after a mean 17 years of follow up. Individuals with higher composite scores representing healthier lifestyle were at significantly lower risk of pancreatic cancer. The multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of pancreatic cancer incidence for the composite scores 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 to 7 were 0.60 (0.50-0.91), 0.48 (0.32-0.71), 0.45 (0.31-0.67), 0.41 (0.27-0.62), and 0.38 (0.24-0.62), respectively, compared with the scores 0 to 1 (P trend < 0.0001). The inverse association was more apparent among participants without diabetes history and was robust in men and women as well as in alcohol drinkers and nondrinkers. In summary, the association for pancreatic cancer risk was stronger for the aggregated than individual healthy lifestyle factors. These findings suggest that a more comprehensive lifestyle modification strategy would be more effective for prevention of pancreatic cancer than the change of a single lifestyle factor. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: In this large prospective Asian study, we calculated a composite score of healthy lifestyle factors, including body mass index, cigarette smoking, the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), sleep duration, and physical activity and found this composite score was associated with a significant reduction in pancreatic cancer risk, by as much as 62%. This finding suggests that public health programs emphasizing comprehensive lifestyle modification strategy would be more effective for prevention of pancreatic cancer than the change of a single lifestyle factor.

Dataset Information

Lifestyle associated factors and risk of urinary bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study from Norway.

Publications

Lifestyle associated factors and risk of urinary bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study from Norway.

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