Dataset Information

Are Antimicrobial Interventions Associated with Heat-Resistant Escherichia coli on Meat?

ABSTRACT: Decontamination practices, which often involve thermal treatments, are routinely performed in beef packing plants and have generally improved the safety of meat in North America. We investigated whether Escherichia coli in the beef production chain is becoming more heat resistant due to those treatments. Cattle isolates (n?=?750) included seven serogroups (O157, O103, O111, O121, O145, O26, and O45) which were collected between 2002 and 2017. Beef plant isolates (n?=?700) from carcasses, fabrication equipment, and beef products were included. Heat resistance was determined in Luria-Bertani broth at 60°C and by PCR screening for the locus of heat resistance (LHR). The decimal reduction for E. coli at 60°C (D 60ºC values) ranged from 0 to 7.54?min, with 97.2% of the values being?<2?min. The prevalence of E. coli with D 60ºC values?of >2?min was not significantly different (P?>?0.05) among cattle and meat plant isolates. E. coli from equipment before sanitation (median, 1.03?min) was more heat resistant than that after sanitation (median, 0.9?min). No significant difference in D 60ºC values was observed among E. coli isolates from different years, from carcasses before and after antimicrobial interventions, or from before and during carcass chilling. Of all isolates, 1.97% harbored LHR, and the LHR-positive isolates had greater median D 60ºC values than the LHR-negative isolates (3.25 versus 0.96?min). No increase in heat resistance in E. coli was observed along the beef production chain or with time.IMPORTANCE The implementation of multiple hurdles in the beef production chain has resulted in substantial improvement in the microbial safety of beef in Canada. In this study, we characterized a large number of Escherichia coli isolates (n?=?1,450) from various sources/stages of beef processing to determine whether the commonly used antimicrobial interventions would give rise to heat-resistant E. coli on meat, which in turn may require alternatives to the current control of pathogens and/or modifications to the current cooking recommendations for meat. The findings show that the degree and rate of heat resistance in E. coli did not increase along the production chain or with time. This furthers our understanding of man-made ecological niches that are required for the development of heat resistance in E. coli.

SUBMITTER: Zhang P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7301850 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Are Antimicrobial Interventions Associated with Heat-Resistant Escherichia coli on Meat?

Zhang Peipei P Tran Frances F Stanford Kim K Yang Xianqin X

Applied and environmental microbiology 20200617 13

Decontamination practices, which often involve thermal treatments, are routinely performed in beef packing plants and have generally improved the safety of meat in North America. We investigated whether Escherichia coli in the beef production chain is becoming more heat resistant due to those treatments. Cattle isolates (n = 750) included seven serogroups (O157, O103, O111, O121, O145, O26, and O45) which were collected between 2002 and 2017. Beef plant isolates (n = 700) fr ...[more]

PMID: 32303544

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Project description:Given the close contact between animals, animal products, and consumers in wet markets, fresh meat products are considered a potential source and disseminator of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria near the end of the food chain. This cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of select AMR-E. coli in fresh chicken meat collected from wet markets in Hong Kong and to determine target genes associated with the observed resistance phenotypes. Following a stratified random sampling design, 180 fresh half-chickens were purchased from 29 wet markets across Hong Kong in 2022 and immediately processed. After incubation, selective isolation was performed for extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL), carbapenem-resistant (CRE), and colistin-resistant (CSR) E. coli. The bacterial isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Disc Diffusion was used to determine the susceptibility of ESBL- and CRE-E. coli isolates. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of CSR-E. coli. Targeted resistance genes were then detected by PCR. The prevalence of ESBL-E. coli and CSR-E. coli were estimated at 88.8% (95% CI: 83.4-93.1%) and 6.7% (95% CI: 3.5-11.4%), respectively. No CRE-E. coli isolate was detected. The blaCTX-M-1 gene was the most common β-lactamase group in isolated E. coli (80%), followed by blaTEM (63.7%); no blaSHV gene was detected. Forty-five percent of the isolates had blaTEM and blaCTX-M-1 simultaneously. The mcr-1 gene was detected in all 12 CSR isolates. Of 180 meat samples, 59 were from Mainland China, and 121 were locally sourced. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of ESBL- and CSR-E. coli between the two sources. Our findings can be used to inform food safety risk assessments and set the stage for adopting targeted control and mitigation measures tailored to the local wet markets.

Project description:Escherichia coli is known as one of the most important foodborne pathogens in humans, and contaminated chicken meat is an important source of foodborne infection with this bacterium. The occurrence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec), in particular, in chicken meat is considered a global health problem. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of E. coli, with special emphasis on ESBL-Ec, along with their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance pattern in frozen chicken meat. The study also focused on the determination of ESBL-encoding genes in E. coli. A total of 113 frozen chicken meat samples were purchased from 40 outlets of nine branded supershops in five megacities in Bangladesh. Isolation and identification of E. coli were done based on cultural and biochemical properties, as well as PCR assay. The resistance pattern was determined by the disc diffusion method. ESBL-encoding genes were determined by multiplex PCR. The results showed that 76.1% of samples were positive for E. coli, of which 86% were ESBL producers. All the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Resistance to 9-11 and 12-13 antimicrobial classes was observed in 38.4% and 17.4% isolates, respectively, while only 11.6% were resistant to 3-5 classes. Possible extensive drug resistance (pXDR) was found in 2.3% of isolates. High single resistance was observed for oxytetracycline (93%) and amoxicillin (91.9%), followed by ampicillin (89.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and pefloxacin (88.4%), and tetracycline (84.9%). Most importantly, 89.6% of isolates were resistant to carbapenems. All the isolates were positive for the blaTEM gene. However, the blaSHV and blaCTX-M-2 genes were identified in two ESBL-non producer isolates. None of the isolates carried the blaCTX-M-1 gene. This study provided evidence of the existence of MDR and pXDR ESBL-Ec in frozen chicken meat in Bangladesh, which may pose a risk to human health if the meat is not properly cooked or pickled raw only. This emphasizes the importance of the implementation of good slaughtering and processing practices by the processors.

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Dataset Information

Are Antimicrobial Interventions Associated with Heat-Resistant Escherichia coli on Meat?

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Are Antimicrobial Interventions Associated with Heat-Resistant Escherichia coli on Meat?

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