Dataset Information

Relationships Between Cell Structure Alterations and Berry Abscission in Table Grapes.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between structure alterations and postharvest berry abscission in "Muscat Kyoho" "Kyoho" and "Nanyu" table grapes stored for 0, 3, or 6 days at room temperature. Microstructure analysis showed that a large number of the stalk-berry junction cells of "Muscat Kyoho" and "Kyoho" were lignified and suberized at 0 day, whereas these events seldom occurred in "Nanyu."Furthermore, the berry brush cells of the three varieties, especially those of "Nanyu," were small and dense. At 3 days, the numbers of lignified and suberized cells of "Muscat Kyoho" and "Kyoho" were reduced, and the cells had degraded, ruptured, and disappeared by 6 days. The berry brush cells of "Muscat Kyoho" and "Kyoho" were larger and more loosely arranged than were those of "Nanyu." Ultrastructure analysis showed that the cells increased in size from small to large and became loosely arranged; the smallest changes were observed in "Nanyu." The cells of "Muscat Kyoho" and "Kyoho" were hydrolyzed, liquated, and covered by granular substances at 6 days, and these features were especially prominent in "Muscat Kyoho." The detachment force of grapes declined steadily (p < 0.05) and was accompanied by an increase in berry abscission. "Nanyu" maintained the highest detachment force and the lowest berry abscission during storage (p < 0.05), followed by "Kyoho" and "Muscat Kyoho." Structural alterations were directly related to berry abscission and correlated inversely with detachment force, with the greatest alterations occurring in "Muscat Kyoho," followed by "Kyoho" and then "Nanyu."

SUBMITTER: Li M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7303928 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relationships Between Cell Structure Alterations and Berry Abscission in Table Grapes.

Li Mingjuan M Huang Zhanwen Z You Xiangrong X Zhang Yayuan Y Wei Ping P Zhou Kui K Wang Ying Y

Frontiers in nutrition 20200612

The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between structure alterations and postharvest berry abscission in "Muscat Kyoho" "Kyoho" and "Nanyu" table grapes stored for 0, 3, or 6 days at room temperature. Microstructure analysis showed that a large number of the stalk-berry junction cells of "Muscat Kyoho" and "Kyoho" were lignified and suberized at 0 day, whereas these events seldom occurred in "Nanyu."Furthermore, the berry brush cells of the three varieties, especially those of "N ...[more]

PMID: 32596249

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Project description:BackgroundBerry size is considered as one of the main selection criteria in table grapes breeding programs, due to the consumer preferences. However, berry size is a complex quantitive trait under polygenic control, and its genetic determination of berry weight is not yet fully understood. The aim of this work was to perform marker discovery using a transcriptomic approach, in order to identify and characterize SNP and InDel markers associated with berry size in table grapes. We used an integrative analysis based on RNA-Seq, SNP/InDel search and validation on table grape segregants and varieties with different genetic backgrounds.ResultsThirty SNPs and eight InDels were identified using a transcriptomic approach (RNA-Seq). These markers were selected from SNP/InDel found among segregants from a Ruby x Sultanina population with contrasting phenotypes for berry size. The set of 38 SNP and InDel markers was distributed in eight chromosomes. Genotype-phenotype association analyses were performed using a set of 13 RxS segregants and 41 table grapes varieties with different genetic backgrounds during three seasons. The results showed several degrees of association of these markers with berry size (10.2 to 30.7%) as other berry-related traits such as length and width. The co-localization of SNP and /or InDel markers and previously reported QTLs and candidate genes associated with berry size were analysed.ConclusionsWe identified a set of informative and transferable SNP and InDel markers associated with berry size. Our results suggest the suitability of SNPs and InDels as candidate markers for berry weight in seedless table grape breeding. The identification of genomic regions associated with berry weight in chromosomes 8, 15 and 17 was achieved with supporting evidence derived from a transcriptome experiment focused on SNP/InDel search, as well as from a QTL-linkage mapping approach. New regions possibly associated with berry weight in chromosomes 3, 6, 9 and 14 were identified.

Project description:Background and aimsThe necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea infects a broad range of fruit crops including domesticated grapevine Vitis vinifera cultivars. Damage caused by this pathogen is severely detrimental to the table and wine grape industries and results in substantial crop losses worldwide. The apoplast and cell wall interface is an important setting where many plant-pathogen interactions take place and where some defence-related messenger molecules are generated. Limited studies have investigated changes in grape cell wall composition upon infection with B. cinerea, with much being inferred from studies on other fruit crops.MethodsIn this study, comprehensive microarray polymer profiling in combination with monosaccharide compositional analysis was applied for the first time to investigate cell wall compositional changes in the berries of wine (Sauvignon Blanc and Cabernet Sauvignon) and table (Dauphine and Barlinka) grape cultivars during Botrytis infection and tissue maceration. This was used in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) to characterize infection progression.Key resultsGrapes infected at veraison did not develop visible infection symptoms, whereas grapes inoculated at the post-veraison and ripe stages showed evidence of significant tissue degradation. The latter was characterized by a reduction in signals for pectin epitopes in the berry cell walls, implying the degradation of pectin polymers. The table grape cultivars showed more severe infection symptoms, and corresponding pectin depolymerization, compared with wine grape cultivars. In both grape types, hemicellulose layers were largely unaffected, as was the arabinogalactan protein content, whereas in moderate to severely infected table grape cultivars, evidence of extensin epitope deposition was present.ConclusionsSpecific changes in the grape cell wall compositional profiles appear to correlate with fungal disease susceptibility. Cell wall factors important in influencing resistance may include pectin methylesterification profiles, as well as extensin reorganization.

Dataset Information

Relationships Between Cell Structure Alterations and Berry Abscission in Table Grapes.

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Relationships Between Cell Structure Alterations and Berry Abscission in Table Grapes.

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