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An Integrated Approach Identifies Mediators of Local Recurrence in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) cause more than 300,000 deaths worldwide each year. Locoregional and distant recurrences represent worse prognostic events and accepted surrogate markers of patients' overall survival. No valid biomarker and salvage therapy exist to identify and treat patients at high-risk of recurrence. We aimed to verify if selected miRNAs could be used as biomarkers of recurrence in HNSCC.Experimental Design: A NanoString array was used to identify miRNAs associated with locoregional recurrence in 44 patients with HNSCC. Bioinformatic approaches validated the signature and identified potential miRNA targets. Validation experiments were performed using an independent cohort of primary HNSCC samples and a panel of HNSCC cell lines. In vivo experiments validated the in vitro results.Results: Our data identified a four-miRNA signature that classified HNSCC patients at high- or low-risk of recurrence. These miRNAs collectively impinge on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. In silico and wet lab approaches showed that miR-9, expressed at high levels in recurrent HNSCC, targets SASH1 and KRT13, whereas miR-1, miR-133, and miR-150, expressed at low levels in recurrent HNSCC, collectively target SP1 and TGF? pathways. A six-gene signature comprising these targets identified patients at high risk of recurrences, as well. Combined pharmacological inhibition of SP1 and TGF? pathways induced HNSCC cell death and, when timely administered, prevented recurrence formation in a preclinical model of HNSCC recurrence.Conclusions: By integrating different experimental approaches and competences, we identified critical mediators of recurrence formation in HNSCC that may merit to be considered for future clinical development. Clin Cancer Res; 23(14); 3769-80. ©2017 AACR.

SUBMITTER: Citron F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7309652 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An Integrated Approach Identifies Mediators of Local Recurrence in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma.

Citron Francesca F Armenia Joshua J Franchin Giovanni G Polesel Jerry J Talamini Renato R D'Andrea Sara S Sulfaro Sandro S Croce Carlo M CM Klement William W Otasek David D Pastrello Chiara C Tokar Tomas T Jurisica Igor I French Deborah D Bomben Riccardo R Vaccher Emanuela E Serraino Diego D Belletti Barbara B Vecchione Andrea A Barzan Luigi L Baldassarre Gustavo G

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 20170207 14

<b>Purpose:</b> Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) cause more than 300,000 deaths worldwide each year. Locoregional and distant recurrences represent worse prognostic events and accepted surrogate markers of patients' overall survival. No valid biomarker and salvage therapy exist to identify and treat patients at high-risk of recurrence. We aimed to verify if selected miRNAs could be used as biomarkers of recurrence in HNSCC.<b>Experimental Design:</b> A NanoString array was used to ...[more]

PMID: 28174235

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Project description:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which have little or no protein-coding capacity, due to their potential roles in the cancer disease, caught a particular interest. Our study aims to develop an lncRNAs-based classifier and a nomogram incorporating the lncRNAs classifier and clinicopathologic factors to help to improve the accuracy of recurrence prediction for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The HNSCC lncRNAs profiling data and the corresponding clinicopathologic information were downloaded from TANRIC database and cBioPortal. Using univariable Cox regression and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, we developed 15-lncRNAs-based classifier related to recurrence. On the basis of multivariable Cox regression analysis results, a nomogram integrating the genomic and clinicopathologic predictors was built. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the inclusive nomogram were confirmed by calibration curve and a concordance index (C-index), and compared with TNM stage system by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to evaluate clinical value of our nomogram. Consequently, fifteen recurrence-free survival (RFS) -related lncRNAs were identified, and the classifier consisting of the established 15 lncRNAs could effectively divide patients into high-risk and low-risk subgroup. The prediction ability of the 15-lncRNAs-based classifier for predicting 3- year and 5-year RFS were 0.833 and 0.771. Independent factors derived from multivariable analysis to predict recurrence were number of positive LNs, margin status, mutation count and lncRNAs classifier, which were all embedded into the nomogram. The calibration curve for the recurrence probability showed that the predictions based on the nomogram were in good coincide with practical observations. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.76 (0.72-0.79), and the area under curve (AUC) of nomogram in predicting RFS was 0.809, which were significantly higher than traditional TNM stage and 15-lncRNAs-based classifier. Decision curve analysis further demonstrated that our nomogram had larger net benefit than TNM stage and 15-lncRNAs-based classifier. The results were confirmed externally. In summary, a visually inclusive nomogram for patients with HNSCC, comprising genomic and clinicopathologic variables, generates more accurate prediction of the recurrence probability when compared TNM stage alone, but more additional data remains needed before being used in clinical practice.

Project description:AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in carcinogenesis and development of cancers. In this study, we analyzed the eccentrically expressed miRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues based on the miRNA-Seq data of HNSCC patients available in the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Aberrant expression of 2589 miRNAs was detected in HNSCC tissues (1128 downregulated and 1461 upregulated). The differential expression levels of the miRNAs were further validated by analysis of 25 HNSCC samples and paired control tissues and compared with the Gene Expression Omnibus database to determine the candidate miRNAs. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to compare the expression of these candidate miRNAs between 22 fresh HNSCC tissue samples and 11 control samples. In addition, the relationship between the expression of these candidate miRNAs and Tumor, Node, Metastases staging of HNSCC was analyzed. Compared with the expression in control tissues, the levels of hsa-miR-410-3p, hsa-miR-411-5p, hsa-miR-125b-2-3p, and hsa-miR-99a-3p were significantly lower in HNSCC. According to the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset analyzed, all 4 miRNAs were shown to inhibit tumor progression (T stage), positive lymph node metastasis (N stage), and distant metastasis (M stage) in HNSCC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that genes regulated by these 4 miRNAs were enriched in certain pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and the Hippo pathway. Enriched gene ontology terms mainly included regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, which are well-characterized functions of miRNAs. Moreover, all 4 miRNAs inhibited the progression of primary tumors (T stage) and metastasis of regional lymph nodes (N stage). The top 4 aberrantly expressed miRNAs identified in this study have great clinical value in developing strategies for early diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC. More intensive studies are required to elucidate the mechanism underlying the roles of these miRNAs in HNSCC.

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An Integrated Approach Identifies Mediators of Local Recurrence in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma.

Publications

An Integrated Approach Identifies Mediators of Local Recurrence in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma.

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