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Lung cancer risk among bakers, pastry cooks and confectionary makers: the SYNERGY study.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Some studies have suggested increased lung cancer risks among bakers, however the results overall were inconsistent. The authors studied lung cancer risks among bakers and baking-related occupations in the SYNERGY pooled case-control database from 16 countries. METHODS:Occupation in a baking-related job was identified from the subjects' job histories. ORs adjusted for log(age), study centre, smoking behaviour and ever employment in a job with known exposure to occupational lung carcinogens were calculated by unconditional logistic regression. Findings were stratified by sex, histological subtype of lung cancer and smoking status. RESULTS:19 366 cases (15 606 men) and 23 670 control subjects (18 528 men) were included. 473 cases (415 men, 58 women) and 501 controls (437 men, 64 women) had ever worked in baking or a related job. We did not observe an increased risk for men in baking (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.86 to 1.18). No linear trends were observed for duration of employment. Some results suggested increased lung cancer risks for women, for example, for working as a baker for >30 years and in never-smokers, but after exclusion of one study these increased risks disappeared. DISCUSSION:The findings from this study do not suggest increased lung cancer risks in baking-related professions.

SUBMITTER: Behrens T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7310593 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lung cancer risk among bakers, pastry cooks and confectionary makers: the SYNERGY study.

Behrens Thomas T Kendzia Benjamin B Treppmann Tabea T Olsson Ann A Jöckel Karl-Heinz KH Gustavsson Per P Pohlabeln Hermann H Ahrens Wolfgang W Brüske Irene I Wichmann Hans-Erich HE Merletti Franco F Mirabelli Dario D Richiardi Lorenzo L Simonato Lorenzo L Zaridze David D Szeszenia-Dabrowska Neonila N Rudnai Peter P Lissowska Jolanta J Fabianova Eleonora E Tardón Adonina A Field John J Stanescu Dumitru Rodica R Bencko Vladimir V Foretova Lenka L Janout Vladimir V Siemiatycki Jack J Parent Marie-Elise ME McLaughlin John J Demers Paul P Landi Maria Teresa MT Caporaso Neil N Kromhout Hans H Vermeulen Roel R Peters Susan S Benhamou Simone S Stücker Isabelle I Guida Florence F Consonni Dario D Bueno-de-Mesquita Bas B 't Mannetje Andrea A Pearce Neil N Tse Lap Ah LA Yu Ignatius Tak-sun IT Plato Nils N Boffetta Paolo P Straif Kurt K Schüz Joachim J Pesch Beate B Brüning Thomas T

Occupational and environmental medicine 20130802 11

<h4>Introduction</h4>Some studies have suggested increased lung cancer risks among bakers, however the results overall were inconsistent. The authors studied lung cancer risks among bakers and baking-related occupations in the SYNERGY pooled case-control database from 16 countries.<h4>Methods</h4>Occupation in a baking-related job was identified from the subjects' job histories. ORs adjusted for log(age), study centre, smoking behaviour and ever employment in a job with known exposure to occupat ...[more]

PMID: 23911873

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Project description:Occupational exposures are thought to be responsible for 10-15% of new-onset asthma cases in adults, with disparities across sectors. Because most of the data are derived from registries and cross-sectional studies, little is known about incidence of occupational asthma (OA) during the first years after inception of exposure. This paper describes the design of a study that focuses on this early asthma onset period among young workers in the bakery, pastry making and hairdressing sectors in order to assess early incidence of OA in these "at risk" occupations according to exposure duration, and to identify risk factors of OA incidence.The study population is composed of subjects who graduated between 2001 and 2006 in these sectors where they experience exposure to organic or inorganic allergenic or irritant compounds (with an objective of 150 subjects by year) and 250 young workers with no specific occupational exposure. A phone interview focusing on respiratory and 'Ear-Nose-Throat' (ENT) work-related symptoms screen subjects considered as "possibly OA cases". Subjects are invited to participate in a medical visit to complete clinical and lung function investigations, including fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and carbon monoxide (CO) measurements, and to collect blood samples for IgE (Immunoglobulin E) measurements (total IgE and IgE for work-related and common allergens). Markers of oxidative stress and genetic polymorphisms exploration are also assessed. A random sample of 200 "non-cases" (controls) is also visited, following a nested case-control design.This study may allow to describ a latent period between inception of exposure and the rise of the prevalence of asthma symptoms, an information that would be useful for the prevention of OA. Such a time frame would be suited for conducting screening campaigns of this emergent asthma at a stage when occupational hygiene measures and adapted therapeutic interventions might be effective.Clinical trial registration number is NCT01096537.

Project description:BackgroundThe natural history of airway inflammation and symptoms in occupations at risk of asthma is still not fully understood. We aimed to study the evolution during apprenticeship of inflammation markers, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and symptoms in at-risk subgroups as defined from measurements of markers made shortly after the start of training.MethodsRespiratory symptoms, FEV1 and airway resistance post-bronchial challenge (MBC) test results, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements, and eosinophils in nasal lavage fluid were investigated in apprentice bakers, pastry-makers and hairdressers. Four visits were conducted: at the start of the training and every six months thereafter. Four baseline risk groups were defined, based on, (i) a high level of FeNO (NO), (ii) eosinophils >?1% (Eosino), (iii) a???15% decrease in FEV1 during the MBC test (HR), and (iv) a???50% increase in the resistance (Resist). The statistical analysis relied on mixed models.ResultsAt baseline, the inflammation markers were related to the MBC markers. There was no evidence to suggest that the baseline risk groups predict a differential evolution of the airway inflammation and bronchial responsiveness markers, or the asthma-like symptoms considered. The baseline risk groups defined from MBC test predicted the levels of MBC markers. Similarly, the baseline risk groups based on eosinophilic inflammation predicted the levels of markers for eosinophilia. These results were similar in the three training tracks, with the exception of the FeNO levels which were not different according to the Eosino risk group. Twelve possible new asthma cases were identified, only the HR risk group predicted their occurrence.ConclusionsAmong this young population, at-risk groups based on initial high levels of inflammation markers did not experience any worsening during the follow-up. However, initial BHR predicted consistently high levels of all markers considered and occurrence of possible asthma.

Dataset Information

Lung cancer risk among bakers, pastry cooks and confectionary makers: the SYNERGY study.

Publications

Lung cancer risk among bakers, pastry cooks and confectionary makers: the SYNERGY study.

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