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Self-perception of dietary quality and adherence to food groups dietary recommendations among Mexican adults.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Mexicans' adherence to food group's dietary recommendations is low and an inaccurate self-perception of dietary quality might perpetuate this low adherence. Our aim was to compare the intake and the adherence to the dietary recommendations for several food groups, subgroups, and to an overall Mexican Diet Quality Index (MxDQI), among those that perceived their diet as healthy vs. those that did not. METHODS:We analyzed data from 989 subjects 20-59 y old from the nationally representative Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016. Dietary intake was collected with one 24-h recall and a repeated recall in 82 subjects. Self-perception of dietary quality was evaluated with the following question "Do you consider that your diet is healthy? (yes/no)". We used the National Cancer Institute method to estimate the usual intake. We compared the mean intake adjusted by sociodemographic variables and the percentage of adherence according to the self-perception of dietary quality among the whole sample and in sociodemographic subpopulations. RESULTS:Sixty percent perceived their diet as healthy, and their adherence to recommendations was low [20% for fruits and vegetables, ?0.05), and the MxDQI score was 40 vs. 37 (out of 100 points). The only food groups and subgroups with a statistically significant difference between those that perceived their diet as healthy vs. unhealthy were fruits [38?g/d (95% CI 3, 73)], fruit juices [27?g/d (95% CI 2, 52)], industrialized SSBs [-?35?kcal/d (-?70, -?1)] and salty snacks [-?40?kcal/d (-?79, -?1)]. Other differences were small or inconsistent across subgroups of the population. CONCLUSIONS:Those that perceived their diet as healthy only had a slightly healthier diet than the rest of the population, moreover, their adherence to recommendations was very low. Hence, it is necessary to improve their nutrition knowledge.

SUBMITTER: Batis C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7310597 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Self-perception of dietary quality and adherence to food groups dietary recommendations among Mexican adults.

Batis Carolina C Castellanos-Gutiérrez Analí A Aburto Tania C TC Jiménez-Aguilar Alejandra A Rivera Juan A JA Ramírez-Silva Ivonne I

Nutrition journal 20200622 1

<h4>Background</h4>Mexicans' adherence to food group's dietary recommendations is low and an inaccurate self-perception of dietary quality might perpetuate this low adherence. Our aim was to compare the intake and the adherence to the dietary recommendations for several food groups, subgroups, and to an overall Mexican Diet Quality Index (MxDQI), among those that perceived their diet as healthy vs. those that did not.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 989 subjects 20-59 y old from the nationa ...[more]

PMID: 32571341

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Project description:BackgroundUltra-processed foods are recognized as indicators of an unhealthy diet in epidemiological studies. In addition to ultra-processed foods, the NOVA food classification system identifies three other groups with less processing. Unprocessed foods that, together with minimally processed foods (MPF), make NOVA group 1, NOVA group 2 is processed culinary ingredients, and NOVA group 3 is processed foods.ObjectiveTo assess the relative validity of the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) to estimate the energy intake for each group NOVA classification system by comparing it with two 24 h-dietary-recall (24DRs) Mexican adults.MethodsWe analyzed dietary information from 226 adults included <60 and ≥60 years with complete SFFQ and two 24DRs from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. We reported mean differences, Spearman correlation coefficients, intra-class correlations coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and weighted kappa between measures.ResultsThe percentage energy intake from unprocessed and minimally processed foods group, Spearman correlation coefficients was 0.54 in adults <60 years and 0.42 in adults ≥60 years, while ultra-processed foods group was 0.67 and 0.48, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficients in the unprocessed and minimally processed foods group was 0.51 in adults <60 years and 0.46 in adults ≥60 years, and for the ultra-processed foods group were 0.71 and 0.50, respectively. Bland-Altman plots indicated reasonably consistent agreement for unprocessed and minimally processed foods group and ultra-processed foods group in adults <60 years and adults in the ≥60 age group. Weighted kappa was 0.45 in the ultra-processed foods group to adults <60 years and was 0.36-≥60 years.ConclusionThe SFFQ had acceptable validity to rank the percentage of energy intake from unprocessed and minimally processed foods group and ultra-processed foods group in Mexican adults, both in adults under 60 years and who were 60 years old or older.

Project description:Background: Suboptimal diet is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Addressing this problem requires context-specific solutions informed by context-specific data collected by context-specific tools. This study aimed to assess the relative validity of a newly developed brief dietary survey to estimate food intake and adherence to the Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Sri Lankans.Methods: Between December 2018 and February 2019, we interviewed 94 Sri Lankan adults living in Colombo (Western Province), Kalutara (Western Province), and Trincomalee (Eastern Province). We assessed the relative validity of the Sri Lankan Brief Dietary Survey (SLBDS) with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Spearman's Rho correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and Cohen's kappa tests using a 24-h Dietary Recall (24DR) as reference.Results: Ninety-four adults (40.7?years ±12.6; 66% female) completed both surveys during the same interview. With the exception of 'Fish, pulses, meat and eggs' food group median intake, which was underestimated by the SLBDS compared to the 24DR, there was no strong evidence of difference between median intakes reported by the two methods. Correlation coefficients were highest for 'Milk and dairy products' (0.84) at the food group level and for 'dosa', 'hoppers', 'milk rice', and 'dried fish' (1.00) among individual food and beverages. Visual exploration of Bland-Altman plots showed acceptable agreement between the SLBDS and 24DR, with the SLBDS tending to overestimate consumption as the number of servings of 'Rice, bread, other cereals and yams' and 'Vegetables' consumed increased and slightly underestimate consumption as the number of servings of 'Fish, pulses, meat and eggs', 'Milk and dairy products', and 'Nuts' increased. Kappa values ranged from from 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32-0.86) for 'Vegetables' to 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.96) for 'Fruit' indicating a moderate to strong level of agreement.Conclusions: Having been developed for and relatively validated with the study population in question, our study shows that the SLBDS can be used as a fit for purpose research tool. Additional research is needed to assess SLBDS test-retest reliability and to validate further the reporting of salt, oil, and coconut intake.

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Dataset Information

Self-perception of dietary quality and adherence to food groups dietary recommendations among Mexican adults.

Publications

Self-perception of dietary quality and adherence to food groups dietary recommendations among Mexican adults.

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