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A Latent Profile Analysis of Anxiety among Junior High School Students in Less Developed Rural Regions of China.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to understand the potential types of anxiety among middle school students by analyzing the current situation of middle school students' anxiety and its influencing factor. This study used a multistage stratified cluster random sampling to investigate students in grades 9 to 12. Mplus 7.4 was used for latent profile analysis. A total of 900 junior high school students were investigated. The junior high school students were divided into three subgroups by latent profile analysis. A total of 223 junior high school students experienced severe anxiety, accounting for 24.78%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that males are more likely to develop moderate and severe anxiety. The development of severe anxiety (OR = 0.562, p < 0.05) is less likely for students in schools with adequate mental health support. Students who were confident with their academic performances were less likely to develop moderate anxiety (OR = 0.377, p < 0.05). Students with extreme academic pressure are more likely to develop moderate anxiety (OR = 6.523, p < 0.05) and severe anxiety (OR = 11.579, p < 0.05). It is recommended that mental health counseling be set up in schools and to provide professional counselors to prevent serious anxiety for students. This paper also demonstrates a need to reduce students' academic pressure.

SUBMITTER: Wen X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7312008 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Latent Profile Analysis of Anxiety among Junior High School Students in Less Developed Rural Regions of China.

Wen Xiaotong X Lin Yixiang Y Liu Yuchen Y Starcevich Katie K Yuan Fang F Wang Xiuzhu X Xie Xiaoxu X Yuan Zhaokang Z

International journal of environmental research and public health 20200608 11

The purpose of this study is to understand the potential types of anxiety among middle school students by analyzing the current situation of middle school students' anxiety and its influencing factor. This study used a multistage stratified cluster random sampling to investigate students in grades 9 to 12. Mplus 7.4 was used for latent profile analysis. A total of 900 junior high school students were investigated. The junior high school students were divided into three subgroups by latent profil ...[more]

PMID: 32521646

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Project description:BackgroundStudies report a growing tendency for students to experience state anxiety in schools. However, the combination of individual susceptibilities likely to trigger students' anxious states remains unclear.AimsThis study examined whether distinct profiles of students emerge regarding their susceptibility to anxiety sensitivity and/or test anxiety and evaluated whether students' profile predicted anxious states. We also verified whether susceptibility profiles varied across gender, school level, and school type.Sample and methodsIn total, 1,404 Canadian students in Grades 5 and 10 (589 boys; M age = 15.2, SD = 2.1) from 13 public and private schools completed self-reported measures of state/trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and test anxiety.ResultsLatent profile analyses identified four susceptibility profiles: (1) Double-susceptibility: highest anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety scores; (2) Unique-susceptibility to test anxiety: high test anxiety score and low anxiety sensitivity score; (3) Unique-susceptibility to anxiety sensitivity: high anxiety sensitivity score and low test anxiety score; and (4) No-susceptibility: lowest anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety scores. The profiles comprised 12, 9, 6, and 73% of the sample, respectively, and their membership varied across gender and school type, but not across school levels. A linear mixed-effect model showed that state anxiety varied significantly between profiles, where the Double-susceptibility profile predicted the highest state anxiety scores, followed by the two Unique-susceptibility profiles (indifferently), and the No-susceptibility profile.ConclusionBeyond their theoretical contribution to the state-trait anxiety literature, these findings suggest that selective interventions designed more specifically for students with the Double-susceptibility profile may be worthwhile. Results also highlight the high proportion of students with the No-susceptibility profile and shed light on the reassuring portrait regarding students' anxiety.

Project description:ObjectivesUnder the COVID-19 prevention and control policy, online learning has been widely used. The current study aimed to identify latent profiles of self-regulated learning in the context of online mathematics learning during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19, and examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between self-regulated learning and online mathematics learning engagement among Chinese junior high school students using variable-and person-centered approaches.MethodsA sample of 428 Chinese junior high school students (47.66% female) completed questionnaires on self-regulated learning, perceived academic control, and learning engagement. Mplus7.0 was used to analyze the latent classes of self-regulated learning. A mediation model was conducted using the software SPSS PROCESS macro.ResultsThree profiles of self-regulated learning were identified and named as low self-regulated learning (16.12%), medium self-regulated learning (43.23%), and high self-regulated learning (40.65%). In the mediating analysis, results of the variable-centered approach showed that perceived academic control mediated the effects of self-regulated learning on learning engagement. For the person-centered approach, we selected the low self-regulated learning type as the reference profile, and the analysis revealed that compared with the reference profile, perceived academic control partially mediated the link between the medium self-regulated learning profile and learning engagement; perceived academic control partially mediated the relationship between the high self-regulated learning profile and learning engagement.ConclusionThis study showed the heterogeneity in the online mathematics self-regulated learning patterns of Chinese junior high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing the internal mechanisms of Chinese junior high school students' online mathematics learning engagement using variable-and person-centered approaches. Furthermore, the findings of the study have important implications for promoting online mathematics learning engagement among junior high students during the pandemic.

Project description:BackgroundRural youth often begin developing polysubstance use and other risk behaviors during middle school. However, little polysubstance use research focuses on rural middle school youth. Our research uses Latent Class Analysis to understand existing patterns of rural middle school polysubstance use and risk and protective factors associated with polysubstance use.MethodsWe used survey data from a rural middle school pregnancy prevention program (N = 2,708). The survey included measures of demographics, lifetime substance use, trauma (adverse childhood experiences and bullying victimization) and aspects of youth development (parent communication on drugs and alcohol, parent connectedness and school connectedness). We used latent class analysis to produce participant polysubstance use profiles and multinomial regression to examine associations between polysubstance use, demographics, trauma and aspects of youth development.ResultsWe categorized our participants into four latent classes. Our analysis classified 2.2% of participants as Regular Polysubstance users, 6.9% as Polysubstance experimenters, 19% as Vape + Alcohol experimenters and 71.9% as Non-Users. More adverse childhood experiences were associated with greater risk of polysubstance use and experimentation. Bullying was positively associated with greater risk of vape and alcohol experimentation. Higher reported parental and school connectedness were associated with lower risk of high frequency polysubstance use. Higher reported school connection was also associated with lower risk of polysubstance experimentation.ConclusionRural substance use prevention programs should begin during middle school, as polysubstance use development is common among rural middle schoolers. These programs should be trauma informed and focus on connectedness as a modifiable factor to reduce risk of polysubstance use development.Trial registrationThis article does not report results of a health care intervention on human participants.

Project description:BackgroundThere is a good deal of evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy is effective for children and adolescents with anxiety-related problems. In Japan, an anxiety prevention programme based on cognitive behavioural therapy called 'Journey of the Brave' has been developed, and it has been demonstrated to be effective for elementary school students (aged 10-11 years). The purpose of this study was to have classroom teachers deliver the programme to junior high school students (aged 12-13 years) and to test the feasibility and efficacy of the programme in this setting.MethodsThis study was a prospective observational study and was approved by the Chiba University Review Board. An intervention group consisting of six classes of students in their first year of junior high school at two different schools (n = 149; 81 boys, 68 girls) received seven 50-min programme sessions. Participants in the control group were recruited from four classes of students in their second year of junior high school at one school (n = 89; 51 boys, 38 girls). All participants completed the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale at pre-test, post-test, and 2-3 month follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures model.ResultsMean total anxiety scores indicated a non-significant decrease at the 2-3 month follow-up for the intervention group compared to the control group. The group differences on the SCAS from baseline to post-test was - .71 (95% CI - 2.48 to 1.06, p = .43), and the 2-3 month follow-up was - .49 (95% CI - 2.60 to 1.61, p = .64).ConclusionsIn this pilot study, implementation of the programme confirmed the partial feasibility of the programme but did not elicit a significant reduction in anxiety scores. In addition, there are several methodological limitations to this study. In the future, we propose to test the feasibility and efficacy of the programme with the required sample size and by comparing groups with equal characteristics as well as by carrying out additional follow-up assessments.Trial registration UMIN000032517.

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A Latent Profile Analysis of Anxiety among Junior High School Students in Less Developed Rural Regions of China.

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A Latent Profile Analysis of Anxiety among Junior High School Students in Less Developed Rural Regions of China.

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