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Efficacy of Bioactive Glass Nanofibers Tested for Oral Mucosal Regeneration in Rabbits with Induced Diabetes.

ABSTRACT: The healing of oral lesions that are associated with diabetes mellitus is a matter of great concern. Bioactive glass is a highly recommended bioceramic scaffold for bone and soft tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel formula of bioactive glass nanofibers in enhancing oral mucosal wound regeneration in diabetes mellitus. Bioactive glass nanofibres (BGnf) of composition (1-2) mol% of B2O3, (68-69) mol% of SiO2, and (29-30) mol% of CaO were synthesized via the low-temperature sol-gel technique followed by mixing with polymer solution, then electrospinning of the glass sol to produce nanofibers, which were then subjected to heat treatment. X-Ray Diffraction analysis of the prepared nanofibers confirmed its amorphous nature. Microstructure of BGnf simulated that of the fibrin clot with cross-linked nanofibers having a varying range of diameter (500-900 nm). The in-vitro degradation profile of BGnf confirmed its high dissolution rate, which proved the glass bioactivity. Following fibers preparation and characterization, 12 healthy New Zealand male rabbits were successfully subjected to type I diabetic induction using a single dose of intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate. Two weeks after diabetes confirmation, the rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (control and experimental groups). Bilateral elliptical oral mucosal defects of 10 × 3.5 mm were created in the maxillary mucobuccal fold of both groups. The defects of the experimental group were grafted with BGnf, while the other group of defects considered as a control group. Clinical, histological, and immune-histochemical assessment of both groups of wounds were performed after one, two and three weeks' time interval. The results of the clinical evaluation of BGnf treated defects showed complete wound closure with the absence of inflammation signs starting from one week postoperative. Control defects, on the other hand, showed an open wound with suppurative exudate. On histological and immunohistochemical level, the BGnf treated defects revealed increasing in cell activity and vascularization with the absence of inflammation signs starting from one week time interval, while the control defects showed signs of suppurative inflammation at one week time interval with diminished vascularization. The results advocated the suitability of BGnf as bioscaffold to be used in a wet environment as the oral cavity that is full of microorganisms and also for an immune-compromised condition as diabetes mellitus.

SUBMITTER: Elshazly N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7321558 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Efficacy of Bioactive Glass Nanofibers Tested for Oral Mucosal Regeneration in Rabbits with Induced Diabetes.

Elshazly Noha N Khalil Abdelaziz A Saad Manal M Patruno Marco M Chakraborty Jui J Marei Mona M

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20200607 11

The healing of oral lesions that are associated with diabetes mellitus is a matter of great concern. Bioactive glass is a highly recommended bioceramic scaffold for bone and soft tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel formula of bioactive glass nanofibers in enhancing oral mucosal wound regeneration in diabetes mellitus. Bioactive glass nanofibres (BGnf) of composition (1-2) mol% of B2O3, (68-69) mol% of SiO2, and (29-30) m ...[more]

PMID: 32517367

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Project description:Background As a class of promising bone augmentation materials, bone cements have attracted particular attention. Due to various limitations, the current bone cements are still imperfect. In this study, an injectable pH neutral bioactive bone cement (PSC/CSC) was developed by mixing phosphosilicate bioactive glass (PSC) and α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH), with the goal of optimizing bone defects repairs. Methods A range of compositions (PSC/CSC: 10P/90C, 30P/70C, 50P/50C) were developed and their physicochemical properties evaluated. Their bone regeneration ability was compared to those of two widely used bone cements as controls (calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and Genex®) in rabbit femoral condyle bone defect models for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Based on physicochemical properties and in vivo bone regeneration ability, the PSC/CSC exhibited the best outcomes was selected. Then, in vitro, the effects of selected PSC/CSC, CPC and Genex® extracts on MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, migration and osteogenesis as well as angiogenesis of HUVECs were examined. Results Based on physicochemical properties, the 30P/70C formula exhibited suitable operability and compressive strength (3.5 ± 0.3 MPa), which fulfilled the requirements for cancellous bone substitutes. In vivo, findings from micro-CT and histological analyses showed that the 30P/70C formula better promoted bone regeneration, compared to 10P/90C, 50P/50C, CPC and Genex®. Hence, 30P/70C was selected as the ideal PSC-based cement. In vitro, the 30P/70C extracts showed better promotion of cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium mineral deposition, mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells, further supporting its superiority. Meanwhile, the 30P/70C extracts also showed better stimulation of HUVECs proliferation and angiogenesis. Conclusion The new composite cement, 30P/70C, is a favorable bioactive glass-based bone cement with suitable operability, compressive strength and bone regeneration ability. The translational potential of this article Clinically, treatment of large bone defects is still a major challenge for orthopaedic trauma. We showed that 30P/70C has the potential to be clinically used as an injectable cement for rapid bone repairs and reconstruction of critical sized bone defects.

Dataset Information

Efficacy of Bioactive Glass Nanofibers Tested for Oral Mucosal Regeneration in Rabbits with Induced Diabetes.

Publications

Efficacy of Bioactive Glass Nanofibers Tested for Oral Mucosal Regeneration in Rabbits with Induced Diabetes.

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