Dataset Information

Comparison of dietary intake patterns in hemodialysis patients by nutritional status: A cross-sectional analysis.

ABSTRACT: Background:Although appropriate dietary adjustments in hemodialysis (HD) patients are important, most HD patients have difficulty adhering to dietary therapy due to the stress of a restricted-food diet or loss of appetite, which eventually leads to malnutrition and other complications. The dietary intake of HD patients stratified by nutritional status has not yet been studied. Methods:In total, 111 HD patients from five dialysis centers were stratified into 2 groups based on the Subjective Global Assessment: the well-nourished group and the poorly nourished group. The 7-day dietary intake and food behaviors of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal the factors associated with poorly nourished status. Results:The 7-day dietary survey showed a lower intake of total calories and protein and a higher intake of sodium and potassium than in the standard recommendations, but there were no differences between groups. The poorly nourished group ate fried food significantly more frequently than the well-nourished group. Moreover, higher hip and waist circumferences were significantly associated with poorly nourished status.

SUBMITTER: Lee JE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7321671 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of dietary intake patterns in hemodialysis patients by nutritional status: A cross-sectional analysis.

Lee Ji Eun JE Kim Hyun-Jung HJ Lee Mi Jung MJ Kwon Young Eun YE Kyung Min-Sook MS Park Jung-Tak JT Lee Jung Pyo JP Kim Su-Hyun SH Kim Jung-Hyun JH Oh Hyung Jung HJ Ryu Dong-Ryeol DR

Kidney research and clinical practice 20200601 2

<h4>Background</h4>Although appropriate dietary adjustments in hemodialysis (HD) patients are important, most HD patients have difficulty adhering to dietary therapy due to the stress of a restricted-food diet or loss of appetite, which eventually leads to malnutrition and other complications. The dietary intake of HD patients stratified by nutritional status has not yet been studied.<h4>Methods</h4>In total, 111 HD patients from five dialysis centers were stratified into 2 groups based on the S ...[more]

PMID: 32576714

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Project description:The present study aimed to assess the nutritional status, the dietary patterns and its associated factors in the HIV-infected population of children and adolescents on antiretroviral treatment at the El Salvador reference center for pediatric HIV care (CENID).A cross-sectional survey was carried out between December 2010 and December 2011. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected from 307 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years and receiving antiretroviral therapy. Nutritional status was assessed by height-for-age, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age. Dietary data was collected through a 24 hour recall, and through a weekly food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Bivariate and multivariable statistical methods were used to assess the factors associated with "high adherence" to the "healthy diet" pattern.More than a third of the study group (33.2%) were stunted, 3.3% were identified as being wasted, and 10% were overweight or obese. Their diets were predominantly based on a high consumption of cereals, beans, eggs and processed foods and a low consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products. Three dietary patterns were identified: "healthy diet", "high fat/sugar diet" and "low diversity diet". Being female (OR: 1.63; 95%CI: 0.97-2.75), younger (OR: 2.37; 95%CI: 1.28-4.36) and institutionalized (OR: 14.5; 95%CI: 5.35-39.50) increased the odds to adhere to the "healthy diet" pattern.Our findings reveal a high prevalence of stunting and overweight in HIV-infected children in El Salvador. Institutionalized children were more likely to adhere to a healthy dietary pattern whereas children in poverty were more likely to have less varied and healthy diets. These results highlight the need to assess the dietary patterns of HIV-infected children and adolescents in order to guide public policies to design healthy life style interventions for this population at risk.

Project description:ObjectivesDiabetes is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes, describe its correlates and its associated dietary intake in urban adults from Colombia.SettingThe Colombian Study of Nutritional Profiles was a population-based, cross-sectional, multi-stage probabilistic sampling survey designed to represent the five main Colombian cities.ParticipantsBetween June and November 2018, we studied 736 non-pregnant participants aged 18 or older. Diabetes was defined as a random plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL, self-reported prior diagnosis of diabetes or use of any oral or injectable antidiabetic medication(s). Participants also fulfilled a detailed 157-item food-frequency questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of diabetes, dietary intake of key nutrients, achievement of dietary goals among individuals with diabetes.ResultsThe overall estimated prevalence of diabetes was 10.1%, with no difference by sex (9.6% in women, 10.8% in men, p=0.43). The association between diabetes and education level depended on sex, diabetes was more prevalent among more educated men and less educated women. Abdominal obesity was associated with a 65% increase in diabetes prevalence among men, and a 163% increase in women. Individuals with diabetes reported lower mean consumption of all nutrients, but after adjustment by sex, age, socioeconomic level (SEL) and body mass index, only their lower sodium consumption remained significant (p=0.013). The proportion of non-achievement of dietary intake goals among participants with diabetes was 94.4% for saturated fats, 86.7% for sodium, 84.4% for fibre and 80% for trans fats. In multivariate logistic regression models, age was the strongest independent correlate of diabetes.ConclusionsDiabetes by self-report, random plasma glucose or medication use was highly prevalent among Colombian adults. There were large differences by abdominal obesity status, region of residence, SEL and educational level. The proportion of individuals with diabetes meeting dietary recommendations was alarmingly low.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Improper dietary intake pattern in women of reproductive age in Nepal has resulted in the deficiency of essential nutrients. Adequate nutritional status and proper dietary intake pattern of women improves maternal and child health. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status and dietary intake pattern among the women and associated factors. METHODS:Data collection at households and health check-up camps were conducted in selected Village Development Committees of nine districts in three ecological regions (Mountain, Hill and Terai) of Nepal from September 2011 to August 2012. Women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) were the study subjects. At the household interview, structured questionnaires were used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake pattern, consumption of junk foods, animal rearing, agricultural products, possession of kitchen garden, pregnancy status and anemia. Dietary intake pattern was determined by information collected through the structured questionnaires comprising of food items-cereals, pulses/legumes, vegetables, meat, fruits and milk and milk products. Health check-up camps were conducted in the local health facilities where qualified doctors, nurses and laboratory technicians performed physical examination of the women, confirmed their pregnancy and conducted hematocrit tests. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS:Altogether 21,111 women were interviewed. More than a quarter of the women in Terai were malnourished as indicated by low body mass index (BMI?<?18.5 Kg/m(2)). Among the dietary intake pattern, the majority of women consumed cereals at least once a day in all three ecological regions. The majority of women in Mountain consumed pulses/legumes thrice a week. In Terai, the majority of women consumed vegetables thrice a week. In all three ecological regions, the majority of women consumed meat and meat products and fruits once a week. About thirty percent of women consumed milk and milk products once a day in all three ecological regions. The non-use of iodized salt by Terai women was the highest (5.3 %, n?=?303). In all the ecological regions, cereals and vegetables were produced in the majority of the participants' households in comparison of fruits, poultry and goat/sheep. The women of age 15 to 24 years were 2.7 times more likely to be malnourished than women of 35 to 49 years age (aOR?=?2.7, CI?=?2.5,3.0). The unemployed women had nearly two times more chances of being malnourished than women doing manual work (aOR?=?1.9, 95 % CI?=?1.5,2.2). In Terai, women were five times more likely to be malnourished (aOR?=?0.2, CI?=?0.1,0.2) and 20 times more likely to be anemic (aOR?=?0.05, CI?=?0.04,0.07) than women in Mountain. The pregnant women were five times more likely to be anemic than non-pregnant women (aOR?=?0.2, CI?=?0.2,0.3). CONCLUSIONS:The nutritional status of women of reproductive age is still poor especially in Terai and the dietary intake pattern is not adequate. It suggests improving nutritional status and feeding habits especially intake of meat, fruits and vegetables focusing on reproductive aged women.

Project description:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) isolation has altered individuals' food purchasing behaviour and dietary intake patterns. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the changes in dietary intake patterns and their impacts on the weight status of young adults in Malaysia during the COVID-19 lockdown. This cross-sectional study involved 1045 young adults in Malaysia. The changes in dietary intake patterns were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Questionnaire with slight modifications, while anthropometric measurements including body height, body weight before the pandemic and current body weight were self-reported. Overall, nearly half of the respondents (48.8%) gained weight during the confinement, with an average increment of 4.06 ± 3.23 kg. Of 1045, 45.3% reported consuming more fruits and 60.2% had higher plain water intake during the pandemic. It is observed that 41.0% to 66.8% of the young adults changed their dietary intake patterns during the pandemic. Increased consumption in cereals and grains (β = 0.084, p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.017-0.160), as well as oils and fats (β = 0.123, p = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.059-0.241), was positively associated with weight gain during the pandemic. On the contrary, an increased plain water intake was negatively associated with weight gain during the lockdown (β = -0.100, p = 0.003, 95% CI = -0.171--0.034). Findings in the current study also suggested that cutting back cereals and grains (β = 0.156, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.122-0.288), as well as oils and fats (β = 0.091, p = 0.012, 95% CI = 0.022-0.183), contributed significantly to weight loss during the pandemic confinement. In conclusion, the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) drove up the prevalence of overweight/obesity among young adults in Malaysia. Increased consumption of cereals and grains and oils and fats contributed to weight gain in the pandemic lockdown. Nonetheless, a noticeable proportion of young adults in Malaysia shifted to a healthier food choice by increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables.

Dataset Information

Comparison of dietary intake patterns in hemodialysis patients by nutritional status: A cross-sectional analysis.

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Comparison of dietary intake patterns in hemodialysis patients by nutritional status: A cross-sectional analysis.

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