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Stigma, Acceptance and Belonging for People with IDD Across Cultures.

ABSTRACT: Purpose of Review:This review explores recent literature (from 2017 onwards) to identify current developments related to reducing stigma and increasing acceptance for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in their communities across diverse cultures. Recent Findings:We identified literature related to experiences of stigma for people with IDD and their families across diverse cultures, as well as current and potential interventions and approaches for promoting acceptance. Summary:Although the literature confirms that stigma is still a major barrier to acceptance and inclusion for people with IDD regardless of culture, there appears to be progress in terms of using diverse approaches to support acceptance and belonging. Researchers are also increasingly acknowledging the importance of culture and context in the experience and mitigation of stigma. There remains a need for researchers and practitioners to include people with IDD in identifying and prioritising interventions that promote belonging within their communities.

SUBMITTER: Jansen-van Vuuren J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7326393 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stigma, Acceptance and Belonging for People with IDD Across Cultures.

Jansen-van Vuuren J J Aldersey H M HM

Current developmental disorders reports 20200630 3

<h4>Purpose of review</h4>This review explores recent literature (from 2017 onwards) to identify current developments related to reducing stigma and increasing acceptance for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in their communities across diverse cultures.<h4>Recent findings</h4>We identified literature related to experiences of stigma for people with IDD and their families across diverse cultures, as well as current and potential interventions and approaches for promot ...[more]

PMID: 32837827

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Project description:BackgroundPeople with HIV who inject drugs experience intersecting forms of stigma that adversely impact care access. This RCT aimed to evaluate effects of a behavioral intersectional stigma coping intervention on stigma and care utilization.MethodsWe recruited 100 participants with HIV and past-30-day injection drug use at a non-governmental harm reduction organization in St. Petersburg, Russia, and randomized them 1:2 to receive usual services only or an additional intervention of three weekly 2-h group sessions. Primary outcomes were change in HIV and substance use stigma scores at one month after randomization. Secondary outcomes were initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART), substance use care utilization, and changes in frequency of past-30-days drug injection at six months. The trial was registered as NCT03695393 at clinicaltrials.gov.FindingsParticipant median age was 38.1 years, 49% were female. Comparing 67 intervention and 33 control group participants recruited October 2019-September 2020, the adjusted mean difference (AMD) in change in HIV and substance use stigma scores one month after baseline were 0.40, (95% CI: -0.14 to 0.93, p = 0.14) and -2.18 (95% CI: -4.87 to 0.52, p = 0.11), respectively. More intervention participants than control participants initiated ART (n = 13, 20% vs n = 1, 3%, proportion difference 0.17, 95% CI: 0.05-0.29, p = 0.01) and utilized substance use care (n = 15, 23% vs n = 2, 6%, proportion difference 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.31, p = 0.02). The adjusted median difference in change in injecting drug use frequency 6 months after baseline was -3.33, 95% CI: -8.51 to 1.84, p = 0.21). Five not intervention-related serious adverse events (7.5%) occurred in the intervention group, one (3.0%) serious adverse event in the control group.InterpretationThis brief stigma-coping intervention did not change stigma manifestations or drug use behaviors in people with HIV and injection drug use. However, it seemed to reduce stigma's impact as an HIV and substance use care barrier.FundingR00DA041245, K99DA041245, P30AI042853.

Project description:Prevailing definitions of national identities in Europe equate belonging to the nation with "fitting in" culturally and leave immigrant minorities who are culturally different from the majority group struggling to belong. The present study focuses on an under-researched minority perspective on the intersubjective cultural contents of the national identity. We propose that minorities' national belonging is contingent on their perception that minority peers who deviate from the majority culture are accepted as real nationals. Our study aims to establish (a) minority perceptions of the national fit and acceptance of culturally different peers, and to test (b) the consequences of perceived fit and acceptance for minority adolescents' own national belonging, and (c) its affordances by the local peer context. Drawing on a large random sample of 1,489 Moroccan and Turkish minority youth (aged 12-18) and their peers across 312 classes in 63 Belgian schools, we varied cultural difference from the majority in three vignettes describing imaginary acculturating peers. Minority participants rated to what extent they saw each peer as a real national (perceived fit) and whether other nationals would accept this peer (perceived acceptance). As a measure of their own national belonging, they indicated their national self-identification. Additionally, the multi-level design included classroom contextual measures of majority peer presence and peer acculturation norms (peer norm of heritage culture maintenance). As expected, minority youth who perceived better national fit of culturally different peers, self-identified more strongly as nationals than those who perceived worse fit. This association was not explained by their own acculturation attitudes. In line with the contextual affordance of national fit, only in classes with majority peers, minority youth perceived higher national fit and acceptance of culturally different peers when peer norms supported the maintenance of a distinct heritage culture. We conclude that the national belonging of minority youth is contingent on the peer context through the perceived fit and acceptance of culturally different peers.

Project description:The association between coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma of having a mental illness is not clear. This study examined the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma among patients with recurrent depressive disorder (depression hereafter) using network analysis. Participants were 1149 depressed patients (842 men, 307 women) who completed survey measures of perceived stigma and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. T-tests, chi-square tests, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between depressed patients who indented to accepted vaccines and those who were hesitant. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma, independent of depression severity. Network analysis examined item-level relations between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma after controlling for depressive symptoms. Altogether, 617 depressed patients (53.7%, 95 confidence intervals (CI) %: 50.82–56.58%) reported they would accept future COVID-19 vaccination. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated higher perceived stigma scores predicted lower levels of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (β = −0.125, P < 0.001), even after controlling for depression severity. In the network model of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and perceived stigma nodes, “Feel others avoid me because of my illness”, “Feel useless”, and “Feel less competent than I did before” were the most influential symptoms. Furthermore, “COVID-19 vaccination acceptance” had the strongest connections with illness stigma items reflecting social rejection or social isolation concerns (“Employers/co-workers have discriminated”, “Treated with less respect than usual”, “Sense of being unequal in my relationships with others”). Given that a substantial proportion of depressed patients reported hesitancy with accepting COVID-19 vaccines and experiences of mental illness stigma related to social rejection and social isolation, providers working with this group should provide interventions to reduce stigma concerns toward addressing reluctance in receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

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Stigma, Acceptance and Belonging for People with IDD Across Cultures.

Publications

Stigma, Acceptance and Belonging for People with IDD Across Cultures.

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