Dataset Information

Haploid Bio-Induction in Plant through Mock Sexual Reproduction.

ABSTRACT: Haploidization is invaluable for basic genetic research and crop breeding. The haploid bio-induction principle is an important topic that remains largely unexplored. In this study, both CenH3 RNAi and in vitro inhibition were used to simulate and induce haploids in allopolyploid crop. Notably, in vitro CenH3 inhibition showed that the results were much the same to that of RNAi in phenotype, chromosome behavior, microspore production, and haploid induction. Cytological analyses of RNAi and inhibitor-treated progenies revealed elimination of chromosomes, defective microspores with empty nuclei, thereby giving rise to pseudo male gametes, and haploid parthenogenesis induction. We found distinct defective empty microspores that were positively correlated with the decrease of CenH3 during RNAi manipulation. Investigation through both in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that haploidization was induced through the pseudo male gamete-mediated mock sexual reproduction. The present results provide insights for the haploid parthenogenesis induction process.

SUBMITTER: Gao X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7334361 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Haploid Bio-Induction in Plant through Mock Sexual Reproduction.

Gao Xinpeng X Guo Huihui H Wu Jianfei J Fan Yijie Y Zhang Li L Guo Haixia H Lian Xin X Fan Yupeng Y Gou Zhongyuan Z Zhang Changyu C Li Tongtong T Chen Cuixia C Zeng Fanchang F

iScience 20200616 7

Haploidization is invaluable for basic genetic research and crop breeding. The haploid bio-induction principle is an important topic that remains largely unexplored. In this study, both CenH3 RNAi and in vitro inhibition were used to simulate and induce haploids in allopolyploid crop. Notably, in vitro CenH3 inhibition showed that the results were much the same to that of RNAi in phenotype, chromosome behavior, microspore production, and haploid induction. Cytological analyses of RNAi and inhibi ...[more]

PMID: 32619703

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Project description:The use of doubled haploids in onion breeding is limited due to the low gynogenesis efficiency of this species. Gynogenesis capacity from Spanish germplasm, including the sweet cultivar Fuentes de Ebro, the highly pungent landrace BGHZ1354 and the two Valenciana type commercial varieties Recas and Rita, was evaluated and optimized in this study. The OH-1 population, characterized by a high gynogenesis induction, was used as control. Growing conditions of the donor plants were tested with a one-step protocol and field plants produced a slightly higher percentage of embryogenesis induction than growth chamber plants. A one-step protocol was compared with a two-step protocol for embryogenesis induction. Spanish germplasm produced a 2-3 times higher percentage of embryogenesis with the two-step protocol, Recas showing the highest percentage (2.09%) and Fuentes de Ebro the lowest (0.53%). These percentages were significantly lower than those from the OH-1 population, with an average of 15% independently of the protocol used. The effect of different containers on plant regeneration was tested using both protocols. The highest percentage of acclimated plants was obtained with the two-step protocol in combination with Eco2box (70%), whereas the lowest percentage was observed with glass tubes in the two protocols (20-23%). Different amiprofos-methyl (APM) treatments were applied to embryos for chromosome doubling. A similar number of doubled haploid plants were recovered with 25 or 50 μM APM in liquid medium. However, the application of 25 μM in solid medium for 24 h produced the highest number of doubled haploid plants. Somatic regeneration from flower buds of haploid and mixoploid plants proved to be a successful approach for chromosome doubling, since diploid plants were obtained from the four regenerated lines. In this study, doubled haploid plants were produced from the four Spanish cultivars, however further improvements are needed to increase their gynogenesis efficiency.

Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Titanotrichum oldhamii is a monotypic genus distributed in Taiwan, adjacent regions of China and the Ryukyu Isands of Japan. Its conservation status is vulnerable as most populations are small and widely scattered. Titanotrichum has a mixed system of reproduction with vegetative bulbils and seeds. The aim of this study was to understand the population genetic structure of Titanotrichum in relation to its specific reproductive behaviour and to determine possible implications for conservation strategies. METHODS:After an extensive inventory of most wild populations of Titanotrichum in East Asia, samples from 25 populations within its major distribution were carried out utilizing RAPD and inter-SSR molecular fingerprinting analysis. KEY RESULTS:The findings support the conclusion that many populations reproduce predominantly asexually but that some genetic variation still exists within populations. However, significant amounts of variation exist between populations, perhaps reflecting population differentiation by drift. This partitioning of genetic diversity indicates that the level of inter-population gene exchange is extremely low. These findings are consistent with field observations of very limited seed production. The Chinese populations are similar to those of Northern Taiwan, while the Ryukyu populations fall within the range of variation of the north-central Taiwan populations. The Taiwanese populations are relatively variable and differentiation between north, east and south Taiwan is evident. CONCLUSIONS:The distribution of Titanotrichum seems to be consistent with a former land connection between China, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands at a glacial maximum during the Quaternary, followed by progressive fragmentation of the populations. North-central Taiwan is the centre of genetic diversity, possibly due to the proximity of the former land bridge between the regions, together with the variety of suitable habitats in north Taiwan. The significance of these findings for conservation is discussed.

Dataset Information

Haploid Bio-Induction in Plant through Mock Sexual Reproduction.

Publications

Haploid Bio-Induction in Plant through Mock Sexual Reproduction.

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