Dataset Information

Lifetime sport practice and brain metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To evaluate the metabolic correlates of lifetime sport practice in ALS through brain ¹⁸F-FDG-PET.

Methods

131 patients completed a questionnaire about lifetime exposures, including physical activity related to sports, hobbies and occupations, and underwent brain ¹⁸F-FDG-PET. Exposure to sports was expressed as MET (Metabolic Equivalent of Task). We considered only regular practice (at least 2 h/week, for at least three months). We compared brain metabolism between two groups: subjects who did not report regular sport practice during life (N-group) and patients who did (Y-group). The resulting significant clusters were used in each group as seed regions in an interregional correlation analysis (IRCA) to evaluate the impact of lifetime sport practice on brain networks typically involved by the neurodegenerative process of ALS. Each group was compared to healthy controls (HC, n = 40).

Results

We found a significant, relative cerebellar hypermetabolism in the N-group compared to the Y-group. The metabolism of such cerebellar cluster resulted correlated to more significant and widespread metabolic changes in areas known to be affected by ALS (i.e. frontotemporal regions and corticospinal tracts) in the N-group as compared to the Y-group, despite the same level of disability as expressed by the ALS FRS-R. Such findings resulted independent of age, sex, site of onset (bulbar/spinal), presence/absence of C9ORF72 expansion, cognitive status and physical activity related to hobbies and occupations. When compared to HC, the N-group showed more widespread metabolic changes than the Y-group in cortical regions known to be relatively hypometabolic in ALS patients as compared to HC.

Conclusions

We hypothesize that patients of the N-group might cope better with the neurodegenerative process, since they show more widespread metabolic changes as compared to the Y-group, despite the same level of disability. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to corroborate this hypothesis.

SUBMITTER: Canosa A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7334468 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Lifetime sport practice and brain metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Canosa Antonio A D'Ovidio Fabrizio F Calvo Andrea A Moglia Cristina C Manera Umberto U Torrieri Maria Claudia MC Vasta Rosario R Cistaro Angelina A Gallo Silvia S Iazzolino Barbara B Nobili Flavio Mariano FM Casale Federico F Chiò Adriano A Pagani Marco M

NeuroImage. Clinical 20200612

<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the metabolic correlates of lifetime sport practice in ALS through brain <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET.<h4>Methods</h4>131 patients completed a questionnaire about lifetime exposures, including physical activity related to sports, hobbies and occupations, and underwent brain <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET. Exposure to sports was expressed as MET (Metabolic Equivalent of Task). We considered only regular practice (at least 2 h/week, for at least three months). We compared brain met ...[more]

PMID: 32622315

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Project description:Importance:Heritability describes the proportion of variance in the risk of developing a condition that is explained by genetic factors. Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is known to have a complex genetic origin, disease heritability remains unclear. Objectives:To determine the extent of ALS heritability and assess the association of sex with disease transmission. Design, Setting, and Participants:A prospective population-based parent-offspring heritability study was conducted from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2017 to assess ALS heritability, and was the first study to assess heritability in the context of known gene mutations of large effect. A total of 1123 incident cases of ALS, diagnosed according to the El Escorial criteria and recorded on the Irish ALS register, were identified. Ninety-two individuals were excluded (non-Irish parental origin [n?=?86] and familial ALS [n?=?6]), and 1117 patients were included in the final analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures:Annual age-specific and sex-specific standardized ALS incidence and mortality-adjusted lifetime risk were determined. Sex-specific heritability estimates were calculated for the overall study cohort, for those known to carry the C9orf72 (OMIM 614260) variant, and for those with no known genetic risk. Results:A total of 32 parent-child ALS dyads were identified during the study period. Affected offspring were younger at the onset of disease (mean age, 52.0 years; 95% CI, 48.8-55.3 years) compared with their parents (mean age, 69.6 years; 95% CI, 62.4-76.9 years; P?=?.008). Lifetime risk of developing ALS in first-degree relatives of individuals with ALS was increased compared with the general population (1.4% [32 of 2234] vs 0.3% [2.6 of 1000]; P?<?.001). Mean lifetime heritability of ALS for the overall study cohort was 52.3% (95% CI, 42.9%-61.7%) and 36.9% (95% CI, 19.8%-53.9%) for those with no known genetic risk. Heritability estimates were highest in mother-daughter pairings (66.2%; 95% CI, 58.5%-73.9%). Conclusions and Relevance:This population-based study confirms that up to 50% of variance in ALS has a genetic basis, and that the presence of the C9orf72 variant is an important determinant of heritability. First-degree relatives of individuals with ALS without a known genetic basis remain at increased risk of developing ALS compared with the general population. A higher heritability estimate in mother-daughter pairings points to a sex-mediated effect that has been previously unrecognized.

Dataset Information

Lifetime sport practice and brain metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Lifetime sport practice and brain metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

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