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Contribution of protein intake and its interaction with physical activity to transitions between disability states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Growth in the number of very old (??85 years) adults will likely lead to increased prevalence of disability. Our aim was to determine the contribution of protein intake, and the interaction between protein intake and physical activity (PA), to the transition between disability states and to death in the very old using the Newcastle 85+ Study. METHODS:The analytic sample comprised of 717 older adults aged 85 years at baseline and living in the community. Protein intake was estimated with 2?×?24-h multiple pass recalls (24 h-MPR) at baseline. Disability was measured as difficulty performing 17 activities of daily living (ADL) at baseline, at 18, 36, and 60 months, and defined as having difficulties in one or more ADL. The contribution of protein intake [g/kg adjusted body weight/day (g/kg aBW/d)] to transition probabilities to and from disability, and to death over 5 years was examined by multi-state models adjusted for key health covariates. RESULTS:Participants were expected to spend 0.8 years (95% CI 0.6-1.0) disability-free and 2.8 years (95% CI 2.6-2.9) with disability between the ages 85 and 90 years. One unit increase in protein intake (g/kg aBW/d) halved the likelihood of incident disability (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.83) but not for other transitions. Similar reductions in disability incidence were also found in individuals with protein intake ??0.8 (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.80) and ??1 g/kg aBW/d (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.33-0.73). Participants with high PA and protein intake ??1 g/kg aBW/d were less likely to transition from disability-free to disability than those within the same PA level but with protein intake

SUBMITTER: Mendonca N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7351810 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Contribution of protein intake and its interaction with physical activity to transitions between disability states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study.

Mendonça Nuno N Kingston Andrew A Granic Antoneta A Hill Tom R TR Mathers John C JC Jagger Carol C

European journal of nutrition 20190710 5

<h4>Introduction</h4>Growth in the number of very old (≥ 85 years) adults will likely lead to increased prevalence of disability. Our aim was to determine the contribution of protein intake, and the interaction between protein intake and physical activity (PA), to the transition between disability states and to death in the very old using the Newcastle 85+ Study.<h4>Methods</h4>The analytic sample comprised of 717 older adults aged 85 years at baseline and living in the community. Protein intake ...[more]

PMID: 31292749

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Project description:BackgroundLow protein intake has been linked to reduced muscle strength and physical performance in older adults but little is known about how it may affect muscle health and subsequent functional decline in the very old (aged 85+), who are at enhanced risk of malnutrition and loss of muscle mass and strength.AimsTo investigate the associations between low protein intake, defined as the intake of <1 g protein/kg adjusted body weight/day (<1 g/kg aBW/d) and decline in muscle strength and physical performance in the very old.MethodsThe analytic sample consisted of 722 community-dwelling participants (60% women) from the Newcastle 85+ Study who had protein intake at baseline. Participants were followed-up for change in grip strength (GS) and Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test over 5 years (baseline, 18, 36, and 60 months). We used mixed models to determine the effects of low protein intake on muscle strength and physical performance in all participants, and also stratified by sex.ResultsAt baseline, 390 (54%) participants (261 women, p < 0.001) reported low protein intake, and these differed from participants with good intake (≥1 g/kg aBW/d) on several measures of health and function. In the model adjusted for protein intake, consuming <1 g/kg aBW/d of protein was associated with a 1.62 kg lower GS (p = 0.008) in all participants, and especially in women (β (SE) = -0.83 (0.41), p = 0.05) after adjusting for key baseline covariates (anthropometry, multimorbidity, arthritis in hands, cognitive status and physical activity). The rate of decline in GS over 5 years was not associated with protein intake. Women, but not men, with low protein intake had worse baseline TUG (β (SE) = 0.04 (0.02), p = 0.03) compared with those with good protein intake in the fully adjusted model, but the rate of decline in TUG was not affected by daily protein status.ConclusionsIntake of <1 g protein/kg aBW/d may negatively affect muscle strength and physical performance in late life, especially in older women, independently of important covariates. More research is needed in the very old to define the optimal protein intake for maintenance of muscle health and function.

Dataset Information

Contribution of protein intake and its interaction with physical activity to transitions between disability states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study.

Publications

Contribution of protein intake and its interaction with physical activity to transitions between disability states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study.

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