Dataset Information

Batch and Continuous Fixed-Bed Lead Removal Using Himalayan Pine Needle Biochar: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies.

ABSTRACT: Pine needle litter in Himalayan forests leads to forest fires, ground water recharge inhibition, soil acidification and contamination, and stops the growth of grass and plants. This study provides a possible solution for pine needle litter problem by converting it to biochar. Pine needle litter lying on the ground for approximately a month was collected from the Himalayan region. The pine needle litter biochars were generated using slow pyrolysis (residence time, 30 min; heating rate, 10 °C/min) at 350, 450, 550, 650, and 750 °C. Finally, pine needle litter biochar prepared at 550 °C (PNBC550) was selected for sorptive removal of aqueous lead both in batch and column studies. The PNBC550 was characterized for proximate and elemental compositions, crystallinity, surface area, morphology, and functional groups. A BET surface area of 230.9 m2/g was obtained for PNBC550. Batch sorption studies were carried out to study (1) the adsorption versus pH studies (at pH 2 to 7), (2) isotherms (at 10, 25, and 35 °C) to evaluate the temperature effect on the sorption efficiency, and (3) kinetics to reveal the effect of time, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration on the reaction rate. Increasing pyrolysis temperature raised lead sorption up to 550 °C. Lead adsorption increased considerably as pH rose from 2 to a maximum adsorption around pH 5 and above. The sorption data were fitted using different isotherm models and kinetic equations. The Langmuir adsorption capacity increased from 22.93 mg/g at 10 °C to 40.43 mg/g at 35 °C, showing that adsorption was endothermic. Fixed-bed studies were conducted at room temperature with an initial lead concentration of 7.85 mg/L and 4.0 g of PNBC550 at initial pH 5.0 and a flow rate of 3 mL/min. Desorption studies conducted under the same experimental conditions found about 90-93% lead recovery. Development of high-efficiency biochars for lead remediation provides a sustainable solution for the Himalayan pine needle litter problem. The biochars also possess the possible potential for aqueous removal of other metal cations.

SUBMITTER: Choudhary V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7364435 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Batch and Continuous Fixed-Bed Lead Removal Using Himalayan Pine Needle Biochar: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies.

Choudhary Vaishali V Patel Manvendra M Pittman Charles U CU Mohan Dinesh D

ACS omega 20200702 27

Pine needle litter in Himalayan forests leads to forest fires, ground water recharge inhibition, soil acidification and contamination, and stops the growth of grass and plants. This study provides a possible solution for pine needle litter problem by converting it to biochar. Pine needle litter lying on the ground for approximately a month was collected from the Himalayan region. The pine needle litter biochars were generated using slow pyrolysis (residence time, 30 min; heating rate, 10 °C/min) ...[more]

PMID: 32685799

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Project description:Here, we propose a low-cost, sustainable, and viable adsorbent (pine tree-derived biochar) to remove acid dyes such as acid violet 17 (AV), which is used in the silk dyeing industry. As a case study, the AV removal process was demonstrated using synthetic effluent and further as a proof of concept using real dye effluent produced from the Sirumugai textile unit in India. The pine tree-derived biochar was selected for removal of aqueous AV dye in batch and fixed-bed column studies. The adsorbent material was characterized for crystallinity (XRD), surface area (BET), surface morphology and elemental compositions (SEM-EDX), thermal stability (TGA), weight loss (DGA), and functional groups (FTIR). Batch sorption studies were performed to evaluate (i) adsorption at various pH values (at pH 2 to 7), (ii) isotherms (at 10, 25, and 35 °C) to assess the temperature effect on the sorption efficiency, and (iii) kinetics to reveal the effect of time, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration on the reaction rate. After systematic evaluation, 2 g/L biochar, 25 mg/L AV, pH 3, 40 °C, and 40 and 360 min in a completely mixed batch study resulted in 50 and 90% dye removal, respectively. The isoelectric point at pH 3.7 ± 0.2 results in maximum dye removal, therefore suggesting that monitoring the ratio of different effluent (acid/wash/dye) can improve the colorant removal efficiency. The Langmuir isotherm best fits with the sorption of AV to biochar, provided a maximal dye uptake of 29 mg/g at 40 °C, showing that adsorption was endothermic. Fixed-bed studies were conducted at room temperature with an initial dye concentration of 25 and 50 mg/L. The glass columns were packed with biochar (bed depth 20 cm, pore volume = 14 mL) at an initial pH of 5.0 and a 10 mL/min flow rate for 120 min. Finally, the regeneration of the adsorbent was achieved using desorption studies conducted under the proposed experimental conditions resulted in 90-93% removal of AV even after five cycles of regeneration.

Dataset Information

Batch and Continuous Fixed-Bed Lead Removal Using Himalayan Pine Needle Biochar: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies.

Publications

Batch and Continuous Fixed-Bed Lead Removal Using Himalayan Pine Needle Biochar: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies.

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