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A simplified method for the clinical-scale generation of central memory-like CD8+ T cells after transduction with lentiviral vectors encoding antitumor antigen T-cell receptors.

ABSTRACT: Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells can effectively treat patients with metastatic melanoma. Recent efforts have emphasized the in vitro generation of antitumor T cells by transduction of genes encoding antitumor T-cell receptors. At present, lentiviral vector-mediated transduction of CD8+ T cells relies on anti-CD3/CD28 bead stimulation; however, this method fails to efficiently expand CD8+ T cells. Herein we sought to establish a methodology for lentiviral vector transduction using optimal activating agents for efficient gene delivery and robust expansion of CD8+ T cells. To overcome the inability of anti-CD3/CD28 beads to efficiently expand CD8+ T cells, we evaluated alternative activating agents including feeder cells from allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plate-bound anti-CD3 antibody. Analyses of gene transfer, cell phenotype, fold expansion, and biologic activities were used to determine the optimal methodology. Plate-bound anti-CD3 provided an ideal activation platform that afforded optimal lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer efficiency (up to 90%), and coupled with peripheral blood mononuclear cells feeder cells yielded up to 600-fold expansion of CD8+ T cells within 12 days. The T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) engineered CD8+ T cells conferred specific antitumor activity and many displayed a central memory-like phenotype. The methodology described here could be readily applied for engineering CD8+ T cells with antitumor specificity for human adoptive immunotherapy.

SUBMITTER: Yang S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7365020 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul-Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A simplified method for the clinical-scale generation of central memory-like CD8+ T cells after transduction with lentiviral vectors encoding antitumor antigen T-cell receptors.

Yang Shicheng S Dudley Mark E ME Rosenberg Steven A SA Morgan Richard A RA

Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 20100701 6

Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells can effectively treat patients with metastatic melanoma. Recent efforts have emphasized the in vitro generation of antitumor T cells by transduction of genes encoding antitumor T-cell receptors. At present, lentiviral vector-mediated transduction of CD8+ T cells relies on anti-CD3/CD28 bead stimulation; however, this method fails to efficiently expand CD8+ T cells. Herein we sought to establish a methodology for lentiviral vector transduction us ...[more]

PMID: 20551831

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Project description:To investigate the potential benefits which may arise from pseudotyping the HIV-1 lentiviral vector with its homologous gp41 envelope glycoprotein (GP) cytoplasmic tail (CT), we created chimeric RVG/HIV-1gp41 GPs composed of the extracellular and transmembrane sequences of RVG and either the full-length gp41 CT or C terminus gp41 truncations sequentially removing existing conserved motifs. Lentiviruses (LVs) pseudotyped with the chimeric GPs were evaluated in terms of particle release (physical titer), biological titers, infectivity, and in vivo central nervous system (CNS) transduction. We report here that LVs carrying shorter CTs expressed higher levels of envelope GP and showed a higher average infectivity than those bearing full-length GPs. Interestingly, complete removal of GP CT led to vectors with the highest transduction efficiency. Removal of all C-terminal gp41 CT conserved motifs, leaving just 17 amino acids (aa), appeared to preserve infectivity and resulted in a significantly increased physical titer. Furthermore, incorporation of these 17 aa in the RVG CT notably enhanced the physical titer. In vivo stereotaxic delivery of LV vectors exhibiting the best in vitro titers into rodent striatum facilitated efficient transduction of the CNS at the site of injection. A particular observation was the improved retrograde transduction of neurons in connected distal sites that resulted from the chimeric envelope R5 which included the "Kennedy" sequence (Ken) and lentivirus lytic peptide 2 (LLP2) conserved motifs in the CT, and although it did not exhibit a comparable high titer upon pseudotyping, it led to a significant increase in distal retrograde transduction of neurons.In this study, we have produced novel chimeric envelopes bearing the extracellular domain of rabies fused to the cytoplasmic tail (CT) of gp41 and pseudotyped lentiviral vectors with them. Here we report novel effects on the transduction efficiency and physical titer of these vectors, depending on CT length and context. We also managed to achieve increased neuronal transduction in vivo in the rodent CNS, thus demonstrating that the efficiency of these vectors can be enhanced following merely CT manipulation. We believe that this paper is a novel contribution to the field and opens the way for further attempts to surface engineer lentiviral vectors and make them more amenable for applications in human disease.

Project description:RNA interference (RNAi) is widely used in gene knockdown analysis and as a tool to screen host genes involved in viral infection. Owing to the limitations of transducing cells with synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vectors are more widely used. However, we found that stable transduction with lentiviral shRNA vectors inhibited hepatitis C virus (HCV) propagation in human hepatoma cells. We found by microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis that this inhibition was induced by the alteration of host miRNA expression. In addition to one miRNA (miR-196b-5p) previously reported to be involved in HCV infection, other miRNAs (miR-216a-5p, -216b-5p, 217, and -30b-5p) were found to influence HCV infection in this study. Further studies suggested that this effect was independent of the transcription of shRNAs. The lentiviral vector itself and the integration site of the lentiviral vector might determine the change in miRNA expression. Moreover, the upregulation of JUN contributed to the dysregulation of miR-216a-5p, -216b-5p, and -217 in stably transduced cells. Although the changes in miRNA expression were beneficial for inhibiting HCV infection in our study, this off-target effect should be considered when transduction with lentiviral vectors is performed for other purposes, especially in therapy.IMPORTANCE We found that stable transduction with lentiviral shRNA was able to nonspecifically inhibit HCV infection by the dysregulation of host miRNAs. Previous studies showed that the overexpression of shRNAs oversaturated the host miRNA pathways to inhibit HCV infection. In contrast, the miRNA machinery was not affected in our study. Knockout studies suggested that the nonspecific effect was independent of the transcription of shRNAs. The lentiviral vector itself and the integration sites in the host genome determined the changes in miRNAs. Stable transduction with lentiviral vectors was able to increase the expression of JUN, which in turn upregulated miR-216a-5p, miR-216b-5p, and miR-217. miR-216a-5p and miR-216b-5p might inhibit HCV by suppressing the host autophagic machinery. Our study suggested a novel nonspecific effect of lentiviral vectors, and this side effect should be considered when transduction with lentiviral vectors is performed for other purposes, especially in therapy.

Dataset Information

A simplified method for the clinical-scale generation of central memory-like CD8+ T cells after transduction with lentiviral vectors encoding antitumor antigen T-cell receptors.

Publications

A simplified method for the clinical-scale generation of central memory-like CD8+ T cells after transduction with lentiviral vectors encoding antitumor antigen T-cell receptors.

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