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Pipeline Pharmacological Therapies in Clinical Trial for COVID-19 Pandemic: a Recent Update.

ABSTRACT: The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), marked the third time in the twenty-first century when a new, highly pathogenic human coronavirus outbreak has led to an epidemic. The COVID-19 epidemic has emerged in late December 2019 in Wuhan city of China and spread rapidly to other parts of the world. This quick spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection to many states across the globe affecting many people has led WHO to declare it a pandemic on March 12, 2020. As of July 4, 2020, more than 523,011 people lost their lives worldwide because of this deadly SARS-CoV-2. The current situation becomes more frightening as no FDA-approved drugs or vaccines are available to treat or prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The current therapeutic options for COVID-19 are limited only to supportive measures and non-specific interventions. So, the need of the hour is to search for SARS-CoV-2-specific antiviral treatments and to develop vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Also, it is equally important to maintain our immunity, and natural products and Ayurvedic medicines are indispensable in this regard. In this review, we discuss recent updates regarding various therapeutic approaches to combat COVID-19 pandemic and enlist the major pipeline drugs and traditional medicines that are under trial for COVID-19. Also, possible mechanisms involved in viral pathogenesis are discussed, which further allow us to understand various drug targets and helps in discovering novel therapeutic approaches for COVID-19. Altogether, the information provided in this review will work as an intellectual groundwork and provides an insight into the ongoing development of various therapeutic agents.

SUBMITTER: Kumari P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7367788 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pipeline Pharmacological Therapies in Clinical Trial for COVID-19 Pandemic: a Recent Update.

Kumari Puja P Rawat Kajal K Saha Lekha L

Current pharmacology reports 20200718 5

The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), marked the third time in the twenty-first century when a new, highly pathogenic human coronavirus outbreak has led to an epidemic. The COVID-19 epidemic has emerged in late December 2019 in Wuhan city of China and spread rapidly to other parts of the world. This quick spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection to many states across the globe affecting many people ha ...[more]

PMID: 32837854

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Project description:BackgroundAs the international community dealt with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, important progress continued to be made in the development of new drug-based therapies for the neurodegenerative condition of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 2021. This progress included both "symptomatic treatments" (ST - improves/reduces symptoms of the condition) and "disease modifying treatments" (DMT - attempts to delay/slow progression by addressing the underlying biology of PD), which can be categorised further based on their mechanisms of action and class of drug.ObjectiveThis report continues previous efforts to provide an overview of the pharmacological therapies - both ST and DMT - in clinical trials for PD during 2021- 2022, with the aim of creating greater awareness and involvement in the clinical trial process. We also hope to stimulate collaboration amongst all stakeholders, including industry, academia, advocacy organizations, and most importantly patient community.MethodsWe conducted a review of clinical trials of drug therapies for PD using trial data obtained from the ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organisation (WHO) registries, and performed a breakdown analysis of studies that were active as of January 31st 2022. We also assessed active drug development projects that had completed one clinical phase but were yet to start the next.ResultsThere was a total of 147 clinical trials registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov website as active during the period of analysis. Of these trials, 91 (62%)were investigating STs, while 56 (38%)focused on DMTs. Approximately 1/3 of the studies (34.7%; 51 trials) were in Phase 1, while over half of the trials were in Phase 2 (50.3%; 74 trials). Only 15% (22 trials) of the studies were in Phase 3, of which only 3 trials were evaluating DMTs. Novel therapeutics (42%)were the most common type of agents being tested across all phases of testing, followed by repurposed agents (34%)and reformulations (20%).ConclusionDespite significant global health constraints, the development of new drug-based therapies for PD continued in 2021. Hopefully with a shift towards a post-pandemic world in which COVID-19 is better managed, we will see an increase in the number of clinical trials focused on drug development for PD. The need for more Phase 3 studies for DMTs remains acute.

Project description:BackgroundDespite the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been considerable activity in the clinical development of novel and improved drug-based therapies for the neurodegenerative condition of Parkinson's disease (PD) during 2020. The agents that were investigated can be divided into "symptomatic" (alleviating the features of the condition) and "disease modifying" (attempting to address the underlying biology of PD) treatments, ST and DMT respectively, with further categorisation possible based on mechanism of action and class of therapy.ObjectiveOur goal in this report was to provide an overview of the pharmacological therapies -both ST and DMT - in clinical trials for PD during 2020-2021, with the aim of creating greater awareness and involvement in the clinical trial process. We also hope to stimulate collaboration amongst commercial and academic researchers as well as between the research and patient communities.MethodsWe conducted a review of clinical trials of drug therapies for PD using trial data obtained from the ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organisation (WHO) registries, and performed a breakdown analysis of studies that were active as of February 18th 2021. We also assessed active drug development projects that had completed one clinical phase but were yet to start the next.ResultsWe identified 142 trials on ClinicalTrials.gov and 14 studies on the WHO registries that met our analysis criteria. Of these 156 trials, 91 were ST and 65 were DMT, Of the 145 trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov in our 2020 analysis, 45 fell off the list and 42 were added. Despite this change, the balance of ST to DMT; the distribution across phases; the profile of therapeutic categories; and the proportion of repurposed therapies (33.5%); all remained very similar. There are only two DMTs in phase 3, and we identified 33 in-between-phase projects.ConclusionsDespite the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, investment and effort in clinical trials for PD appears to remain strong. There has been little change in the profile of the clinical trial landscape even though, over the past year, there has been considerable change to the content of the list.

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Pipeline Pharmacological Therapies in Clinical Trial for COVID-19 Pandemic: a Recent Update.

Publications

Pipeline Pharmacological Therapies in Clinical Trial for COVID-19 Pandemic: a Recent Update.

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