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Time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of altered anticipation and complexity.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Locomotor transitions between different ambulatory tasks are essential activities of daily life. During these transitions, biomechanics are affected by various factors such as anticipation, movement direction, and task complexity. These factors are thought to influence the neuromotor regulation of dynamic balance, which can be quantified using whole-body angular momentum (H). However, the specific effects of these factors on balance during transitions are not well understood. The ability to regulate dynamic balance in the presence of these contextual factors is especially important in the frontal plane, as it is usually challenging to maintain walking balance in the frontal plane for individuals with neuromuscular impairments. The purpose of this study was to apportion their effects on the time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of healthy, unimpaired individuals. METHODS:Five healthy young subjects performed 10 separate types of transitions with discrete combinations of factors including complexity (straight walking, cuts, combined cut/stair ascent), cut style (crossover, sidestep), and anticipation (anticipated and unanticipated). A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the maxima, minima, and average rates of change of frontal-plane H among all transitions. RESULTS:Before transition, within anticipated state peak value of H increased 307% in crossover style relative to sidestep style (p?

SUBMITTER: Li W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7368725 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of altered anticipation and complexity.

Li Wentao W Pickle Nathaniel T NT Fey Nicholas P NP

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation 20200718 1

<h4>Background</h4>Locomotor transitions between different ambulatory tasks are essential activities of daily life. During these transitions, biomechanics are affected by various factors such as anticipation, movement direction, and task complexity. These factors are thought to influence the neuromotor regulation of dynamic balance, which can be quantified using whole-body angular momentum (H). However, the specific effects of these factors on balance during transitions are not well understood. ...[more]

PMID: 32682434

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Project description:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by impaired processing of negative information, possibly due to dysfunction in both, the bottom-up emotional network and top-down modulatory network. By acquiring functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a pain-anticipation task, we tested the hypothesis that individuals with MDD would show increased negative biasing that may be associated with reduced frontal connectivity. Thirty-one (15 females) unmedicated young adults with current MDD and 22 (11 females) healthy subjects with no history of MDD were recruited. Groups did not differ significantly in age, race, level of education, marital status or gender distribution. fMRI data were collected during an event-related pain-anticipation paradigm, during which subjects were cued to anticipate painful heat stimuli of high or low intensity. All temperature stimuli were applied to each subject's left forearm. We found that relative to healthy comparison subjects, participants with MDD showed significantly stronger responses to high versus low pain anticipation within right ventral anterior insula (AI), but overlapping response within right dorsal AI, which correlated positively with the depression symptoms severity in the MDD group. Functional connectivity analyses showed increased functional connectivity between dorsal insula and posterior thalamus and decreased functional connectivity between dorsal insula and the right inferior frontal gyrus in the MDD compared with the non-MDD group. Our results demonstrate that unmedicated individuals with current MDD compared with healthy never-depressed subjects show both differential and overlapping response within AI during anticipation of pain. Furthermore, the overlapping insular response is less regulated by frontal brain systems and is more subservient to affective processing regions in the posterior thalamus in MDD. These results support and provide functional validation of the co-occurring enhanced 'bottom-up' and attenuated 'top-down' processing of salient, unpleasant emotional information in MDD.

Dataset Information

Time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of altered anticipation and complexity.

Publications

Time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of altered anticipation and complexity.

Similar Datasets

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