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Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in reducing initial orthodontic archwire placement pain in premolars extraction cases: a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) effectiveness in spontaneous and chewing pain reduction following initial orthodontic archwire placement. METHODS:26 patients (mean age 20.07?±?3.13?years) with maxillary Little's Irregularity Index (LII) of 7?mm or more that indicates first maxillary premolars extraction and no medications intake were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomly assigned with 1:1 ratio using simple randomization technique to receive either LLL or placebo treatment. Blinding was applicable for patients only. In the laser group, patients received a single LLL dose (wavelength 830?nm, energy 2?J/point) in four points (2 buccal, 2 palatal) for each maxillary anterior tooth root. Patients in the placebo group had the same laser application procedure without emitting the laser beam. Patients were asked to score spontaneous and chewing pain intensity by filling out a questionnaire with a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72?h of treatment application. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean pain scores between the laser and placebo groups for both spontaneous and chewing pain at each studied time point. RESULTS:No dropout occurred so the results of the 26 patients were statistically analyzed. Despite some clinical differences observed between the two groups, no statistical significance was found for each studied time point (p >?0.05) for both spontaneous and chewing pain except after 72?h for chewing pain with a VAS score of (18.84?±?13.44) mm for the laser group compared to (38.15?±?27.06) mm for the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS:LLLT, with the suggested parameters, is not effective in pain reduction following initial orthodontic archwire placement. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Name of the registry: Clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration number: NCT02568436. Date of registration: 26 September 2015 'Retrospectively registered'.

SUBMITTER: AlSayed Hasan MMA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7370482 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in reducing initial orthodontic archwire placement pain in premolars extraction cases: a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

AlSayed Hasan Mohammad Moaffak A MMA Sultan Kinda K Ajaj Mowaffak M Voborná Iva I Hamadah Omar O

BMC oral health 20200720 1

<h4>Background</h4>The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) effectiveness in spontaneous and chewing pain reduction following initial orthodontic archwire placement.<h4>Methods</h4>26 patients (mean age 20.07 ± 3.13 years) with maxillary Little's Irregularity Index (LII) of 7 mm or more that indicates first maxillary premolars extraction and no medications intake were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomly assigned with 1:1 ratio usi ...[more]

PMID: 32690001

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Project description:ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of a demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) in decreasing the initial inflammatory response of the gingiva and facilitating the repair and regeneration of soft tissue in alveolar ridge preservation.MethodsThis clinical study employed a split-mouth design. Fourteen patients with a total of forty-four sites underwent extraction and alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) procedures. A Bilaterally symmetrical extraction operation were conducted on the premolars of each patient. The experimental group received DDM as a graft material for ARP, while the control group underwent natural healing. Within the first month postoperatively, the pain condition, color, and swelling status of the extraction sites were initially assessed at different time points Subsequently, measurements were taken for buccal gingival margin height, buccal-lingual width, extraction socket contour, and the extraction socket area and healing rate were digitally measured. Additionally, Alcian Blue staining was used for histological evaluation of the content during alveolar socket healing.ResultsBoth groups experienced uneventful healing, with no adverse reactions observed at any of the extraction sites. The differences in VAS pain scores between the two groups postoperatively were not statistically significant. In the early stage of gingival tissue healing (3 days postoperatively), there were statistically significant differences in gingival condition and buccal gingival margin height between the two groups. In the later stage of gingival tissue healing (7, 14, and 30 days postoperatively), there were statistically significant differences in buccal-lingual width, extraction socket healing area, and healing rate between the two groups. Furthermore, the histological results from Alcian Blue staining suggested that the experimental group may play a significant role in promoting gingival tissue healing, possibly by regulating inflammatory responses when compared to the control group.ConclusionThe application of DDM in alveolar ridge preservation has been found to diminish initial gingival inflammation after tooth extraction. Additionally, it has shown the ability to accelerate early gingival soft tissue healing and preserve its anatomical contour.Clinical trial registrationchictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100050650.

Project description:BackgroundThe low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) have been recently applied to control pain during orthodontic treatment.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the effectiveness of LLLT and LIPUS in reducing pain induced by orthodontic separation.Study designA single-blinded randomized controlled trial.MethodsOne hundred and fifty patients were randomly assigned into three groups; LLLT group, LIPUS group, and control group. After 5 min from the separators' placement, the first dose of the laser or the ultrasound was applied, the second dose was applied after 24 h, and the third dose was applied after 48 h on both maxillary and mandibular first molars. The exposure of laser was for 20 s at each point (maxillary and mandibular first molars), with an 810-nm aluminum-gallium-arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser on continuous mode. The output power set at 150 mW, the energy density of 4 J/cm2, and a laser spot diameter of 7 mm were applied. Whereas the frequency of ultrasonic toothbrush was 1.6 MHz; and average output intensity was 0.2 W/cm2. The application was for 20 min (5 min on each first molar). The control group received the separators without another intervention. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS 100 mm) was used to assess pain intensity at several time intervals during the first four days after the separators' placement.ResultsA total of 145 patients were assessed. There was a significant difference in pain perception among the three groups after 5 min (P = .002). The maximum pain level was reached after 24 h. However, the laser group and the ultrasound group showed a statistically significant decrease in pain scores compared to the control group at all the assessment time points (P < .001). Whereas there was no difference between the laser group and the ultrasound group in reducing the pain scores (P > .05).ConclusionsThe LLLT and the LIPUS effectively reduce the separation pain when applied in multiple doses without differences between them.Trial registrationThis trial was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS). ( https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID= DRKS00029991). Date of registration: 26/08/2022.

Project description:BackgroundThe management of pain resulting from anesthesia injection, tooth extraction and in the period after extraction is of great importance in pediatric dentistry.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the preemptive administration of ibuprofen or acetaminophen with placebo in reducing the pain during injection, extraction and postoperatively in children undergoing primary tooth extraction.Material and methodsA randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded clinical trial of cooperative children who needed primary molar extraction by local anesthesia. Sixty-six children aged between 6 and 8 years were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (a) Acetaminophen syrup (320 mg/10 ml); (b) placebo solution; and (c) ibuprofen syrup (200 mg/10 ml). Each of the three solutions was given 30 min before administration of the local anesthetic agent. The Pain level was assessed using the Wong-Baker faces® pain rating scale after injection, extraction, and postoperatively. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the pain scores between groups at confidence level of 95%.ResultsThe use of preemptive analgesics showed lower pain scores compared to placebo. Additionally, only ibuprofen significantly reduced pain scores compared to placebo at the points immediately after injection (p = 0.001), immediately after extraction (p = 0.0001) and 5 h after extraction (p = 0.002).ConclusionPreemptive usage of ibuprofen reduces injection pain and relieves both extraction and postoperative pain in children undergoing primary tooth extraction. What this paper or case report adds It adds the knowledge regarding pain relief of injection and extraction in children. Preemptive analgesic medications have a beneficial effect on alleviating postoperative pain following tooth extraction in children. Ibuprofen is an effective analgesic for postoperative pain relief in children undergoing primary tooth extraction. Why this paper or case report is important to pediatric dentists Pediatric dentists may consider preemptive ibuprofen in children before injection and extractions. Identifies that Ibuprofen is an effective method of reducing postoperative pain.

Dataset Information

Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in reducing initial orthodontic archwire placement pain in premolars extraction cases: a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Publications

Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in reducing initial orthodontic archwire placement pain in premolars extraction cases: a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

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