Dataset Information

Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum associated with Ventriculo-Coronary Arterial Communication in a Fetus at 21 Weeks of Gestation.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary atresia with the intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS) is a rare anomaly that has an absent communication between the right ventricle and pulmonary arterial circulation. PA-IVS has a hypoplastic and hypokinetic and thickened right ventricle with the intact ventricular septum. It can be diagnosed with PA-IVS in routine obstetric ultrasound examination because the four-chamber view of PA-IVS is generally abnormal. The size of the right ventricular cavity is proportional to the Z value of the diameter of the tricuspid valve. The essential associated cardiac finding of PA-IVS is ventricular-coronary arterial communications (VCAC). The hypertensive RV forces blood through the intramyocardial sinusoids with continuous fistulous contact with the epicardial branches of RCA. It is called the VCAC. A color Doppler can detect VCAC due to its location in the pericardium along the coronary artery. If patients have VCAC and tricuspid Z score below -4, all of these conditions are infallible signs of high mortality rates in their fetal or postnatal lives. Our aim in presenting this case is to remind perinatologists if they detect an abnormal four-chamber view of the fetus's heart, they should also carefully examine whether VCAC exists. Herein, we report a case of PA-IVS and VCAC at 21 weeks' gestation with fetal echocardiographic images.

SUBMITTER: Yozgat CY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7378622 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum associated with Ventriculo-Coronary Arterial Communication in a Fetus at 21 Weeks of Gestation.

Yozgat Can Yilmaz CY Yilmazer Yanki Celik YC Yozgat Yilmaz Y

Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology 20200715

Pulmonary atresia with the intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS) is a rare anomaly that has an absent communication between the right ventricle and pulmonary arterial circulation. PA-IVS has a hypoplastic and hypokinetic and thickened right ventricle with the intact ventricular septum. It can be diagnosed with PA-IVS in routine obstetric ultrasound examination because the four-chamber view of PA-IVS is generally abnormal. The size of the right ventricular cavity is proportional to the <i>Z</i> valu ...[more]

PMID: 32733723

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Project description:Right ventricular function critically affects the prognosis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We aimed to analyze the prognostic value of right ventricular indices calculated using magnetic resonance imaging and right heart catheterization metrics in pulmonary arterial hypertension. We retrospectively collected data from 57 Japanese patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and 18 controls and calculated six indices of right ventricular function: two indices of contractility (end-systolic elastance calculated with right ventricular maximum pressure and with magnetic resonance imaging metrics); two indices of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling (end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance calculated with the pressure method (end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (P)) and with the volume method (end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (V)); and two indices of right ventricular diastolic function (stiffness (β) and end-diastolic elastance). We compared the indices between controls and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and examined their prognostic role. In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, end-systolic elastance (right ventricular maximum pressure) was higher (pulmonary arterial hypertension 0.94 (median) vs control 0.42 (mmHg/mL), p < 0.001), end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (V) was lower (pulmonary arterial hypertension 0.72 vs control 1.69, p < 0.001), and β and end-diastolic elastance were significantly higher than those in the controls. According to the log-rank test, end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (P) and end-diastolic elastance were significantly associated with the composite event rate. According to the multivariate Cox regression analysis, decreased end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (P) was associated with a higher composite event rate (hazard ratio 11.510, 95% confidence interval: 1.954-67.808). In conclusion, an increased right ventricular contractility, diastolic dysfunction, and a trend of impaired right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling were observed in our pulmonary arterial hypertension cohort. According to the multivariate outcome analysis, a decreased end-systolic elastance/arterial elastance (P), suggestive of impaired right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, best predicted the pulmonary arterial hypertension-related event.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:To assess the immediate effects of fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty on right ventricular (RV) size and function as well as in-utero RV growth and postnatal outcome. METHODS:Patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) or critical pulmonary stenosis (CPS) who underwent fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty at our center between October 2000 and July 2017 were included. Echocardiographic data obtained before and after the procedure were analyzed retrospectively (median interval after intervention, 1 (range, 1-3) days) for ventricular and valvular dimensions and ratios, RV filling time (duration of tricuspid valve (TV) inflow/cardiac cycle length), TV velocity time integral (TV-VTI)?×?heart rate (HR) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) velocity. Longitudinal data were collected from only those fetuses followed up in our center. Outcome was assessed using the scoring system as described by Roman et al. for non-biventricular outcome. RESULTS:Thirty-five pulmonary valvuloplasties were performed in our institution on 23 fetuses with PAIVS (n?=?15) or CPS (n?=?8). Median gestational age at intervention was 28?+?4 (range, 23?+?6 to 32?+?1) weeks. No fetal death occurred. Immediately after successful intervention, RV/left ventricular length (RV/LV) ratio (P???0.0001), TV/mitral valve annular diameter (TV/MV) ratio (P???0.001), RV filling time (P???0.00001) and TV-VTI?×?HR (P???0.001) increased significantly and TR velocity (P???0.001) decreased significantly. In fetuses followed longitudinally to delivery (n?=?5), RV/LV and TV/MV ratios improved further or remained constant until birth. Fetuses with unsuccessful intervention (n?=?2) became univentricular, all others had either a biventricular (n?=?15), one-and-a-half ventricular (n?=?3) or still undetermined (n?=?3) outcome. Five of nine fetuses with a predicted non-biventricular outcome, in which the procedure was successful, became biventricular, while two of nine had an undetermined circulation. CONCLUSION:In selected fetuses with PAIVS or CPS, in-utero pulmonary valvuloplasty led immediately to larger RV caused by reduced afterload and increased filling, thus improving the likelihood of biventricular outcome even in fetuses with a predicted non-biventricular circulation. © 2018 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Dataset Information

Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum associated with Ventriculo-Coronary Arterial Communication in a Fetus at 21 Weeks of Gestation.

Publications

Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum associated with Ventriculo-Coronary Arterial Communication in a Fetus at 21 Weeks of Gestation.

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