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Muscle strength, muscle power and body composition in college-aged young women and men with Generalized Joint Hypermobility.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was an evaluation of the musculoskeletal system in women and men with Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH). The study included 87 participants- 40 with Generalized Joint Hypermobility (aged 21.2 ±1.8 years) and 47 (aged 21.0 ±1.3 years) in the control group (CG). The study included the Beighton score, the measurements of body composition, muscle flexibility (Straight Leg Raise test, Popliteal Angle test, Modified Thomas Test), and the measurements of muscle strength and muscle power. T-test and Mann-Whitney U Test were applied to assess the differences between independent groups. The study showed that there were no significant differences (p>.05) in the assessed body composition and the muscle flexibility between both women and men with GJH and the participants in the CG. Under isokinetic conditions for the non-dominant lower extremity, men from the CG received significantly higher (p = .02) flexion peak torque at 180°/s angular velocity. Women from the CG received a statistically significantly lower (p = .04) F/E ratio at 180°/s velocity. Under isometric conditions for both women and men with GJH, there were no statistically significant differences (p>.05) in the maximum torques in knee extension and flexion compared to the CG. For women and men with GJH, the maximum power in the lower extremities and jumping ability were not significantly different (p>.05) compared to the CG participants. The body composition, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and muscle power of adults with Generalized Joint Hypermobility did not differ compared to healthy participants. The fact that there are no differences does not exclude the efficacy of strength training in increasing levels of muscle strength and its impact on body posture and proprioception or coordination.

SUBMITTER: Ewertowska P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7390387 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), in the absence of symptoms, is a common clinical finding. The joint instability present due to excessive musculoskeletal flexibility in hypermobile joints impairs the external force production during muscle contraction. However, whether GJH is associated with muscle weakness is unclear. This study evaluated differences in upper and lower limb muscle strengths among asymptomatic young adults with and without GJH.One hundred six young adults (53 hypermobile, i.e. 25 male (mean age 22 ± 1.8); 28 female (mean age 21 ± 1.8), and 53 non-hypermobile, i.e. 25 male (mean age 19 ± 1.06); 28 female (mean age 20 ± 1.4) were selected using a cut-off ≥ 4 on Beighton and Horan Joint Mobility Index. Isometric strength of elbow and knee extensors was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Independent sample t- tests were done to compare the muscle strengths of hypermobile and non-hypermobile participants. One-way ANCOVA was applied to control the effect of height and body mass on muscle strength.Male hypermobile participants had significantly less strength than non-hypermobile males in the right (71.7 Nm, SD = 23.1, vs 97.6 Nm, SD = 47.4, p = 0.006*) and left (74.8 Nm, SD = 24.3, vs 97.7 Nm, SD = 45.5, p = 0.007*) elbow extensors and right knee extensors (188.7 Nm, SD = 83.3, vs 228.3 Nm, SD = 106.7, p = 0.03*). In females, both elbow extensors (right: 51.9 Nm, SD = 16.2 vs 48.8 Nm, SD = 17.8, p = 0.4; left: 48.9 Nm, SD = 17.2, vs 44.7 Nm, SD = 15.1, p = 0.2) and knee extensors (right: 161.3 Nm, SD = 74.9 vs 145.5 Nm, SD = 75.8, p = 0.3; left: 155.2 Nm, SD = 73 vs 124.3 Nm, SD = 69.6, p = 0.07) strength were not statistically different between hypermobile and non-hypermobile participants.The findings indicate that male participants with GJH have less isometric muscle strength in both elbow extensors and right knee extensors compared to non-hypermobile male participants. Female hypermobile participants did not show any significant differences in muscle strength compared to non-hypermobile female participants.

Project description:PurposeTo explore the relationship between generalized joint hypermobility and hip labrum width.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of a single-surgeon database containing patients who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2014 and 2017. Patients were assessed for generalized laxity via Beighton Test Scoring (BTS), which tests for hyperextension of the fifth metacarpophalangeal joint, thumb apposition, elbow hyperextension, knee hyperextension, and trunk flexion on a 9-point scale. Patients were stratified into a "high BTS cohort" with a BTS ≥4, and a control cohort with BTS <4. Magnetic resonance imaging measurements of labral width for each patient were conducted by 2 blinded, musculoskeletal fellowship-trained radiologists at standardized "clockface" locations using a previously validated technique. Statistical analyses used to determine associations between BTS and labral width included Mann-Whitney U and Fisher exact testing as well as linear regression.ResultsThirty-four patients met inclusion criteria (17 cases, 17 controls). Both groups were composed exclusively of female patients. There was no significant difference between cases or controls in terms of age (33.3 ± 10.4 years vs 35.2 ± 8.3 years, P = .57) or body mass index (26.1 ± 9.3 vs 23.6 ± 3.4, P = .36). The high Beighton score cohort had significantly thinner labrae at the indirect rectus (5.35 ± 1.2 mm vs 7.1 ± 1.1 mm, P < .001) and anterosuperior position (5.53 ± 1.4 mm vs 7.27 ± 1.6 mm, P = .003). There was no statistical difference between the high Beighton score cohort and controls at the psoas U position (6.47 ± 1.6 mm vs 7.43 ± 1.7 mm, P = .112). Linear regression analysis demonstrated Beighton score was significantly negatively associated with labrum width at the indirect rectus position (R2 = 0.33, P < .001) and the anterosuperior position (R2 = 0.25, P = .004).ConclusionsPatients with a BTS ≥4 were found to have significantly thinner labra than those with a BTS of <4.Level of evidenceIII, retrospective comparative trial.

Project description:PurposeTo compare preoperative hip range of motion (ROM), hip capsular thickness on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bony morphology on radiographs and computed tomography (CT) between patients with and without joint hypermobility as measured by the Beighton Test score (BTS), with subanalysis based on sex and age.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for a diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome with or without dysplasia were retrospectively reviewed. Patient BTS, hip ROM, demographics, surgical data, morphologic measures on radiographs and CT, and MRI findings including hip capsule thickness at various locations were compiled. Multiple statistical tests were performed, including multivariable linear or logistic regression models, while controlling for BTS, age, and sex.ResultsIn total, 99 patients were included with a mean age of 29 ± 9.9 years; 62 (62.6%), were female. Forty patients (40.4%) had a BTS ≥4. Female patients (P < .001) and younger patients (26.7 vs 30.9 years, P = .030) were more likely to have a BTS ≥4. Male patients had significantly thicker superior capsules (3.4 mm vs. 2.8 mm, P = .034). BTS was not associated with capsular thickness when controlling for sex. On CT, femoral version (18.9° vs 11.4°, P < .001), and McKibben index (37.8° vs. 28.2°, P < .001) were significantly greater in those with a BTS ≥4. Patients with a BTS ≥4 had more hip internal rotation at 90° of flexion (15.0° vs 10.0°, P < .001), when prone (30.0° vs 20.0°, P = .004), and in extension (10.0° vs. 5.0°, P < .001).ConclusionsAll female patients, regardless of Beighton score, and all patients with a BTS ≥4 indicated for primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome with or without dysplasia were more likely to have thinner superior hip capsules on MRI and greater hip internal rotation on exam. Bony morphologic differences exist between sexes and between patients with and without hypermobility, likely contributing to differences in ROM.Level of evidenceIII, retrospective cohort study.

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Muscle strength, muscle power and body composition in college-aged young women and men with Generalized Joint Hypermobility.

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