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Hydrothermal Processing of Laminaria ochroleuca for the Production of Crude Extracts Used to Formulate Polymeric Nanoparticles.

ABSTRACT: A green extraction process using only water was proposed for the simultaneous extraction of alginate and bioactive compounds from Laminaria ochroleuca. Operation was carried out during non-isothermal heating up to maximal temperatures over the range of 70 °C to 100 °C. Once separated, the alginate and the crude extract were characterised and the biological activities and cytotoxicity of the extracts was studied, the latter in intestinal epithelial cells. Those alginates obtained at 90 °C exhibited the highest extraction yields and viscoelastic features of the corresponding hydrogels. The obtained results show that the extracts obtained by non-isothermal extraction were suitable to formulate nanoparticles, which showed the smallest size (? 250-350 nm) when the higher content of fucoidan extract was present. Given the evidenced properties, the extracts may find an application in the formulation of nanoparticulate carriers for drug delivery.

SUBMITTER: Florez-Fernandez N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7401254 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrothermal Processing of <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> for the Production of Crude Extracts Used to Formulate Polymeric Nanoparticles.

Flórez-Fernández Noelia N Álvarez-Viñas Milena M Guerreiro Filipa F Torres María Dolores MD Grenha Ana A Domínguez Herminia H

Marine drugs 20200627 7

A green extraction process using only water was proposed for the simultaneous extraction of alginate and bioactive compounds from <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i>. Operation was carried out during non-isothermal heating up to maximal temperatures over the range of 70 °C to 100 °C. Once separated, the alginate and the crude extract were characterised and the biological activities and cytotoxicity of the extracts was studied, the latter in intestinal epithelial cells. Those alginates obtained at 90 °C ...[more]

PMID: 32605020

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Project description:BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, and the rise in drug-resistant forms of TB has become a significant threat. Subsequently, it is crucial to explore new, effective and safe anti-TB agents. This study aimed at conducting phytochemical screening, antimycobacterial activity, and acute toxicity of the selected plant species' crude extracts to assess their toxicological potentials and efficacies against TB.MethodsThe aqueous and methanol/dichloromethane (DCM) (1:1) extracts of each selected plant species were subjected to phytochemical screening and antimycobacterial activity using microplate alamar blue assay. For acute toxicity, a single dose (2000 mg/kg) of the aqueous extracts was orally administered to each animal following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines No. 425 and then observed for 14 days. The animals were closely observed on the general behavior and clinical signs of toxicity, and body weights were recorded. After the termination of the experiment, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed.ResultsThe extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, resins, cardiac glycosides, phenolic compounds, and coumarins. Aqueous extracts showed moderate to weak activity against the susceptible (H37Rv) M. tuberculosis strain and weak activity against the MDR-TB strain with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC μg/mL) ranging from 293.0-2344.0 and 1172.0-4688.0, respectively. Methanol/DCM extracts showed significant to moderate activity against the susceptible TB strain and moderate to weak activity against the MDR-TB strain with MIC (μg/mL) ranging from 98.0-586.0 and 293.0-781.0, respectively. One mortality was recorded from the A. coriaria treated group following the acute toxicity tests, but the LD50 of all the extracts was estimated to be above 2000 mg/kg. Histopathological analyses did not show any significant lesions in the examined organs except those from the A. coriaria treated group.ConclusionPhytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, resins, cardiac glycosides, phenolic compounds, and coumarins. All the methanol/DCM extracts of the plant species studied have promising antimycobacterial activity. The selected plant extracts studied exhibited low acute toxicity levels except for A. coriaria and could be safe for formulations into herbal products.

Dataset Information

Hydrothermal Processing of Laminaria ochroleuca for the Production of Crude Extracts Used to Formulate Polymeric Nanoparticles.

Publications

Hydrothermal Processing of <i>Laminaria ochroleuca</i> for the Production of Crude Extracts Used to Formulate Polymeric Nanoparticles.

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