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Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Awake Rabbits Allows Identification of the Visual Streak, a Comparison with Histology.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:To evaluate visual streak (VS) identification on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans in awake rabbits. To report thickness measurements in the VS and adjacent retina on OCT B-scans and histologic sections and to assess inter-method bias, precision and repeatability between OCT and histology. Methods:Vertical SD-OCT B-scan images through the optic nerve head and VS were acquired from 16 awake, ophthalmologically healthy experimental rabbits. Scans were acquired from both eyes, which were later enucleated and processed for light microscopy. Inner retina, inner nuclear layer, outer nuclear layer, outer retina (OR) and photoreceptor outer segment (PROS) thickness were measured on OCT images and digitalized microscopy slides in- and outside of the VS, and compared using linear mixed effects models. Results:Both SD-OCT and histology allowed retinal layer identification and measurement. On OCT, OR and PROS were thickest in the central VS and thinnest outside the VS. Histology mirrored OCT results for central outer retinal layers but shows discrepancies for other layers likely because of postmortem processing artifacts. The method comparison demonstrated better repeatability for OCT measurements compared with histology. Conclusions:Increased OR and PROS thickness compared with the adjacent retina allowed identification of the VS on SD-OCT in awake rabbits. OCT allows measurements devoid of processing artifacts in contrast to histology. Translational Relevance:SD-OCT is possible in awake rabbits. Easy and reliable identification of the VS may facilitate the positioning and use of rabbits as model species in human macular and generalized retinal disease research.

SUBMITTER: Lavaud A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7401941 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Awake Rabbits Allows Identification of the Visual Streak, a Comparison with Histology.

Lavaud Arnold A Soukup Petr P Martin Louise L Hartnack Sonja S Pot Simon S

Translational vision science & technology 20200423 5

<h4>Purpose</h4>To evaluate visual streak (VS) identification on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans in awake rabbits. To report thickness measurements in the VS and adjacent retina on OCT B-scans and histologic sections and to assess inter-method bias, precision and repeatability between OCT and histology.<h4>Methods</h4>Vertical SD-OCT B-scan images through the optic nerve head and VS were acquired from 16 awake, ophthalmologically healthy experimental rabbits. Scans we ...[more]

PMID: 32821485

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Project description:IMPORTANCE Evidence is mounting that achromatopsia is a progressive retinal degeneration, and treatments for this condition are on the horizon. OBJECTIVES To categorize achromatopsia into clinically identifiable stages using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and to describe fundus autofluorescence imaging in this condition. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective observational study was performed between 2010 and 2012 at the Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, New York-Presbyterian Hospital. Participants included 17 patients (aged 10-62 years) with full-field electroretinography-confirmed achromatopsia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography features and staging system, fundus autofluorescence and near-infrared reflectance features and their correlation to optical coherence tomography, and genetic mutations served as the outcomes and measures. RESULTS Achromatopsia was categorized into 5 stages on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: stage 1 (2 patients [12%]), intact outer retina; stage 2 (2 patients [12%]), inner segment ellipsoid line disruption; stage 3 (5 patients [29%]), presence of an optically empty space; stage 4 (5 patients [29%]), optically empty space with partial retinal pigment epithelium disruption; and stage 5 (3 patients [18%]), complete retinal pigment epithelium disruption and/or loss of the outer nuclear layer. Stage 1 patients showed isolated hyperreflectivity of the external limiting membrane in the fovea, and the external limiting membrane was hyperreflective above each optically empty space. On near infrared reflectance imaging, the fovea was normal, hyporeflective, or showed both hyporeflective and hyperreflective features. All patients demonstrated autofluorescence abnormalities in the fovea and/or parafovea: 9 participants (53%) had reduced or absent autofluorescence surrounded by increased autofluorescence, 4 individuals (24%) showed only reduced or absent autofluorescence, 3 patients (18%) displayed only increased autofluorescence, and 1 individual (6%) exhibited decreased macular pigment contrast. Inner segment ellipsoid line loss generally correlated with the area of reduced autofluorescence, but hyperautofluorescence extended into this region in 2 patients (12%). Bilateral coloboma-like atrophic macular lesions were observed in 1 patient (6%). Five novel mutations were identified (4 in the CNGA3 gene and 1 in the CNGB3 gene). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Achromatopsia often demonstrates hyperautofluorescence suggestive of progressive retinal degeneration. The proposed staging system facilitates classification of the disease into different phases of progression and may have therapeutic implications.

Dataset Information

Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Awake Rabbits Allows Identification of the Visual Streak, a Comparison with Histology.

Publications

Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Awake Rabbits Allows Identification of the Visual Streak, a Comparison with Histology.

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