Dataset Information

Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987-2016.

ABSTRACT: Background: The corpus uteri and ovarian cancers burden in Lithuania has remained high. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in mortality rates of corpus uteri and ovarian cancer in Lithuania across age groups and time periods over a 30-year time span. Materials and Methods: Data on numbers of deaths from corpus uteri cancer during the period 1987-2016 and ovarian cancer during the period 1993-2016 were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASR, world standard), and age-specific rates were analyzed by calculating annual percentage change using Joinpoint regression. In addition, age-period-cohort analysis was performed for each cancer type. Results: Mortality from corpus uteri cancer decreased by -1.2% (95% CI: -1.8; -0.7) annually from 1987 to 2016. Decrease was most pronounced in youngest age group of 40-49 years; annual percentage change was -2.4 (95% CI: -4.0; -0.9). Mortality rates for ovarian cancers decreased by -1.2% (95% CI: -1.6; -0.8) annually from 1993 to 2016. Corpus uteri and ovarian cancer ASRs in 2016 were 3.5/100,000 and 7.4/100,000, respectively. The age-period-cohort analysis suggests that temporal trends in corpus uteri cancer mortality rates could be attributed to period and cohort effects. Conclusion: A reduction in mortality rate was observed for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer over the entire study period. Similar decreasing pattern for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer mortality indicate effect of shared factors.

SUBMITTER: Everatt R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7404784 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987-2016.

Everatt Rūta R Intaitė Birutė B

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 20200713 7

<i>Background</i>: The corpus uteri and ovarian cancers burden in Lithuania has remained high. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in mortality rates of corpus uteri and ovarian cancer in Lithuania across age groups and time periods over a 30-year time span. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Data on numbers of deaths from corpus uteri cancer during the period 1987-2016 and ovarian cancer during the period 1993-2016 were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Trends in age-standar ...[more]

PMID: 32668695

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Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC) mortality rates in Lithuania remain comparatively high despite the ongoing BC and PC screening programmes established in 2006. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in BC and PC mortality rates in Lithuania evaluating the effects of age, calendar period of death, and birth-cohort over a 35-year time span.MethodsWe obtained death certification data for BC in women and PC in men for Lithuania during the period 1986-2020 from the World Health Organisation database. Age-standardised mortality rates were analysed using Joinpoint regression. Age-period-cohort models were used to assess the independent age, period and cohort effects on the observed mortality trends.ResultsJoinpoint regression analysis indicated that BC mortality increased by 1.6% annually until 1996, and decreased by - 1.2% annually thereafter. The age-period-cohort analysis suggests that temporal trends in BC mortality rates could be attributed mainly to cohort effects. The cohort effect curvature showed the risk of BC death increased in women born prior to 1921, remained stable in cohorts born around 1921-1951 then decreased; however, trend reversed in more recent generations. The period effect curvature displayed a continuous decrease in BC mortality since 1991-1995. For PC mortality, after a sharp increase by 3.0%, rates declined from 2007 by - 1.7% annually. The period effect was predominant in PC mortality, the curvature displaying a sharp increase until 2001-2005, then decrease.ConclusionsModestly declining recent trends in BC and PC mortality are consistent with the introduction of widespread mammography and PSA testing, respectively, lagging up to 10 years. The study did not show that screening programme introduction played a key role in BC mortality trends in Lithuania. Screening may have contributed to favourable recent changes in PC mortality rates in Lithuania, however the effect was moderate and limited to age groups < 65 years. Further improvements in early detection methods followed by timely appropriate treatment are essential for decreasing mortality from BC and PC.

Project description:BackgroundChina has the highest number of new cancer cases and deaths worldwide, posing huge health and economic burdens to society and affected families. This study comprehensively analyzed secular trends of national cancer mortality statistics to inform future prevention and intervention programs in China.MethodsThe annual estimate of overall cancer mortality and its major subtypes were derived from the National Health Commission (NHC). Joinpoint analysis was used to detect changes in trends, and we used age-period-cohort modeling to estimate cohort and period effects in Cancers between 1987 and 2020. Net drift (overall annual percentage change), local drift (annual percentage change in each age group), longitudinal age curves (expected longitudinal age-specific rate), and period (cohort) relative risks were calculated.ResultsThe age-standardized cancer mortality in urban China has shown a steady downward trend but has not decreased significantly in rural areas. Almost all cancer deaths in urban areas have shown a downward trend, except for colorectal cancer in men. Decreasing mortality from cancers in rural of the stomach, esophagus, liver, leukemia, and nasopharynx was observed, while lung, colorectal cancer female breast, and cervical cancer mortality increased. Birth cohort risks peaked in the cohorts born around 1920-1930 and tended to decline in successive cohorts for most cancers except for leukemia, lung cancer in rural, and breast and cervical cancer in females, whose relative risks were rising in the very recent cohorts. In addition, mortality rates for almost all types of cancer in older Chinese show an upward trend.ConclusionsAlthough the age-standardized overall cancer mortality rate has declined, and the urban-rural gap narrowed, the absolute cancer cases kept increasing due to the growing elderly population in China. The rising mortality related to lung, colorectal, female breast, and cervical cancer should receive higher priority in managing cancer burden and calls for targeted public health actions to reverse the trend.

Dataset Information

Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987-2016.

Publications

Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987-2016.

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