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A prospective study for evaluation of structural and clinical validity of the Eating Assessment Tool.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The Eating Assessment Tool is a self-rating questionnaire developed to assess symptom severity and treatment efficacy in swallowing disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural validity of the Eating Assessment Tool and whether individual item scores differed between dysphagia secondary to neurological and structural/esophageal disorders, respectively. METHODS:This is a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire study. In total, 200 community-dwelling adults with suspected dysphagia referred for fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, completed the S-EAT-10. Patients' medical charts were reviewed in order to establish the type of dysphagia. Principal axis factoring was conducted to examine structural validity, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to study differences in the S-EAT-10 score patterns between different types of dysphagia. RESULTS:One single factor explained 54% of the total variance in EAT-10 item scores. All ten items loaded substantially or strongly on this factor, supporting the single-factor solution (Cronbach's alpha?=?0.90). Structural/esophageal dysphagia was associated with higher scores on six items and with a higher total EAT-10 score. CONCLUSIONS:The EAT-10 yields a unidimensional index of symptom severity in patients with dysphagia. Individual item scores reflect typical symptoms in neurogenic and structural/esophageal dysphagia, supporting its clinical relevance.

SUBMITTER: Moller R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7405447 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A prospective study for evaluation of structural and clinical validity of the Eating Assessment Tool.

Möller Riitta R Safa Stephanie S Östberg Per P

BMC geriatrics 20200805 1

<h4>Background</h4>The Eating Assessment Tool is a self-rating questionnaire developed to assess symptom severity and treatment efficacy in swallowing disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural validity of the Eating Assessment Tool and whether individual item scores differed between dysphagia secondary to neurological and structural/esophageal disorders, respectively.<h4>Methods</h4>This is a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire study. In total, 200 community-dwelli ...[more]

PMID: 32758137

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Mentorship plays an essential role in enhancing the success of junior faculty. Previous evaluation tools focused on specific types of mentors or mentees. The main objective was to develop and provide validity evidence for a Mentor Evaluation Tool (MET) to assess the effectiveness of one-on-one mentoring for faculty in the academic health sciences. METHODS:Evidence was collected for the validity domains of content, internal structure and relationship to other variables. The 13 item MET was tested for internal structure evidence with 185 junior faculty from Schools of Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy. Finally, the MET was studied for additional validity evidence by prospectively enrolling mentees of three different groups of faculty (faculty nominated for, or winners of, a lifetime achievement in mentoring award; faculty graduates of a mentor training program; and faculty mentors not in either of the other two groups) at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and asking them to rate their mentors using the MET. Mentors and mentees were clinicians, educators and/or researchers. RESULTS:The 13 MET items mapped well to the five mentoring domains and six competencies described in the literature. The standardized Cronbach's coefficient alpha was 0.96. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a single factor (CFI = 0.89, SRMR = 0.05). The three mentor groups did not differ in the single overall assessment item (P = 0.054) or mean MET score (P = 0.288), before or after adjusting for years of mentoring. The mentorship score means were relatively high for all three groups. CONCLUSIONS:The Mentor Evaluation Tool demonstrates evidence of validity for research, clinical, educational or career mentors in academic health science careers. However, MET did not distinguish individuals nominated as outstanding mentors from other mentors. MET validity evidence can be studied further with mentor-mentee pairs and to follow prospectively the rating of mentors before and after a mentorship training program.

Project description:Background There is a scarcity of validated rapid dietary screening tools for patient use in the clinical setting to improve health and reduce cardiovascular risk. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 measures compliance with the 2015 to 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans but requires completion of an extensive diet assessment to compute, which is time consuming and impractical. The authors hypothesize that a 19-item dietary survey assessing consumption of common food groups known to affect health will be correlated with the HEI-2015 assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and can be further reduced without affecting validity. Methods and Results A 19-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT) of common food groups was created through literature review and expert consensus. A cross-sectional survey was then conducted in adult participants from a preventive cardiology clinic or cardiac rehabilitation and in healthy volunteers (n=661, mean age, 36 years; 76% women). Participants completed an online 156-item food frequency questionnaire, which was used to calculate the HEI score using standard methods. The association between each EAT question and HEI group was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Linear regression models were subsequently used to identify univariable and multivariable predictors for HEI score for further reduction in the number of items. The final 9-item model of Mini-EAT was validated by 5-fold cross validation. The 19-item EAT had a strong correlation with the HEI score (r=0.73) and was subsequently reduced to the 9 items independently predictive of the HEI score: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, refined grains, fish or seafood, legumes/nuts/seeds, low-fat dairy, high-fat dairy, and sweets consumption, without affecting the predictive ability of the tool (r=0.71). Conclusions Mini-EAT is a 9-item validated brief dietary screener that correlates well with a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire. Future studies to test the Mini-EAT's validity in diverse populations and for development of clinical decision support systems to capture changes over time are needed.

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A prospective study for evaluation of structural and clinical validity of the Eating Assessment Tool.

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A prospective study for evaluation of structural and clinical validity of the Eating Assessment Tool.

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