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Deamidated Human Triosephosphate Isomerase is a Promising Druggable Target.

ABSTRACT: Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of any severe disease are based on the discovery and validation of druggable targets. The human genome encodes only 600-1500 targets for small-molecule drugs, but posttranslational modifications lead to a considerably larger druggable proteome. The spontaneous conversion of asparagine (Asn) residues to aspartic acid or isoaspartic acid is a frequent modification in proteins as part of the process called deamidation. Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) is a glycolytic enzyme whose deamidation has been thoroughly studied, but the prospects of exploiting this phenomenon for drug design remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the properties of deamidated human TIM (HsTIM) as a selective molecular target. Using in silico prediction, in vitro analyses, and a bacterial model lacking the tim gene, this study analyzed the structural and functional differences between deamidated and nondeamidated HsTIM, which account for the efficacy of this protein as a druggable target. The highly increased permeability and loss of noncovalent interactions of deamidated TIM were found to play a central role in the process of selective enzyme inactivation and methylglyoxal production. This study elucidates the properties of deamidated HsTIM regarding its selective inhibition by thiol-reactive drugs and how these drugs can contribute to the development of cell-specific therapeutic strategies for a variety of diseases, such as COVID-19 and cancer.

SUBMITTER: Enriquez-Flores S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7407242 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Deamidated Human Triosephosphate Isomerase is a Promising Druggable Target.

Enríquez-Flores Sergio S Flores-López Luis Antonio LA García-Torres Itzhel I de la Mora-de la Mora Ignacio I Cabrera Nallely N Gutiérrez-Castrellón Pedro P Martínez-Pérez Yoalli Y López-Velázquez Gabriel G López-Velázquez Gabriel G

Biomolecules 20200715 7

Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of any severe disease are based on the discovery and validation of druggable targets. The human genome encodes only 600-1500 targets for small-molecule drugs, but posttranslational modifications lead to a considerably larger druggable proteome. The spontaneous conversion of asparagine (Asn) residues to aspartic acid or isoaspartic acid is a frequent modification in proteins as part of the process called deamidation. Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) is a gl ...[more]

PMID: 32679775

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Project description:Background. Amyloid secondary structure relies on the intermolecular assembly of polypeptide chains through main-chain interaction. According to this, all proteins have the potential to form amyloid structure, nevertheless, in nature only few proteins aggregate into toxic or functional amyloids. Structural characteristics differ greatly among amyloid proteins reported, so it has been difficult to link the fibrillogenic propensity with structural topology. However, there are ubiquitous topologies not represented in the amyloidome that could be considered as amyloid-resistant attributable to structural features, such is the case of TIM barrel topology. Methods. This work was aimed to study the fibrillogenic propensity of human triosephosphate isomerase (HsTPI) as a model of TIM barrels. In order to do so, aggregation of HsTPI was evaluated under native-like and destabilizing conditions. Fibrillogenic regions were identified by bioinformatics approaches, protein fragmentation and peptide aggregation. Results. We identified four fibrillogenic regions in the HsTPI corresponding to the ?3, ?6, ?7 y ?8 of the TIM barrel. From these, the ?3-strand region (residues 59-66) was highly fibrillogenic. In aggregation assays, HsTPI under native-like conditions led to amorphous assemblies while under partially denaturing conditions (urea 3.2 M) formed more structured aggregates. This slightly structured aggregates exhibited residual cross-? structure, as demonstrated by the recognition of the WO1 antibody and ATR-FTIR analysis. Discussion. Despite the fibrillogenic regions present in HsTPI, the enzyme maintained under native-favoring conditions displayed low fibrillogenic propensity. This amyloid-resistance can be attributed to the three-dimensional arrangement of the protein, where ?-strands, susceptible to aggregation, are protected in the core of the molecule. Destabilization of the protein structure may expose inner regions promoting ?-aggregation, as well as the formation of hydrophobic disordered aggregates. Being this last pathway kinetically favored over the thermodynamically more stable fibril aggregation pathway.

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Deamidated Human Triosephosphate Isomerase is a Promising Druggable Target.

Publications

Deamidated Human Triosephosphate Isomerase is a Promising Druggable Target.

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