Dataset Information

Parental asthma occurrence, exacerbations and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether intrauterine exposure to maternal asthma or asthma exacerbations increases the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS:Using Danish register data, this cohort study comprised of 961,202 live singletons born in Denmark during 1997-2012. Children were followed to a maximum of 20.0?years from birth until the first of ADHD-diagnosis/prescription, emigration, death, or 31 December 2016. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between maternal or paternal asthma, asthma exacerbations and offspring ADHD. RESULTS:During 11.4 million person-years of follow-up, 27,780 (2.9%) children were identified as having ADHD. ADHD risk was increased among offspring born to asthmatic mothers (hazard ratio (HR) 1.41, 95% CI: 1.36-1.46) or asthmatic fathers (HR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08-1.18). Antenatal antiasthma medication treatment did not increase offspring ADHD. However, higher risks were observed among offspring of mothers with asthma exacerbations compared with children of asthmatic mothers with no exacerbations: HR 1.12 (95% CI: 1.00-1.25) for pre-pregnancy exacerbations; 1.21 (95% CI: 1.00-1.47) for exacerbations during pregnancy; and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.08-1.44) for exacerbations after delivery. CONCLUSIONS:These results support theories regarding shared genetic and environmental risk factors having a role in the development of ADHD.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7408292 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Parental asthma occurrence, exacerbations and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Liu Xiaoqin X Dalsgaard Søren S Munk-Olsen Trine T Li Jiong J Wright Rosalind J RJ Momen Natalie C NC

Brain, behavior, and immunity 20190830

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate whether intrauterine exposure to maternal asthma or asthma exacerbations increases the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).<h4>Methods</h4>Using Danish register data, this cohort study comprised of 961,202 live singletons born in Denmark during 1997-2012. Children were followed to a maximum of 20.0 years from birth until the first of ADHD-diagnosis/prescription, emigration, death, or 31 December 2016. Cox regression models were used to evaluat ...[more]

PMID: 31476415

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Project description:Objectives: To investigate child and parental characteristics of medication use for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Participants were part of the prospective population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort study (MoBa) (n = 114,500 children, 95,000 mothers, and 75,000 fathers). This cohort was linked to the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) and the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) to compare child and parental characteristics in children medicated and not medicated for ADHD during years 2008-2013. Results: One thousand seven hundred and sixty-four children (74% boys) with ADHD (International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]: F90 and F98.8) were identified. One thousand three hundred and sixty-two (77%) used medication. Boys and girls did not differ in the use of ADHD medication (both 77%). Mean age at first prescription was 9 years in both boys and girls, and age at ADHD diagnosis was 8 years in medicated and unmedicated children. Significantly more hyperkinetic conduct disorders (F90.1), and significantly fewer with attention-deficit disorder (F98.8) were found among the medicated children compared to the unmedicated children. The medicated children also had a significantly lower global functioning (Child Global Assessment Scale). Child disruptive symptoms reported in the MoBa child age 3 year questionnaire were significantly higher in children who used medication compared to the nonusers (t = 2.2, p = 0.03), and group differences in ADHD symptoms at age 3 years were close to significant (t = 1.8, p = 0.07). Other preschool child and parental characteristics were not significantly different in the two groups. Conclusion: In this large birth cohort study, where a great majority of children with ADHD used medication, only child characteristics were significantly associated with the use of medication. We could not replicate previous findings suggesting that "environmental factors," such as parental education and psychopathology, drive medication use. The small differences between medicated and unmedicated children in this cohort study, where a majority used medication, might be due to strong established clinical practices where medication is offered as a treatment option, particularly for hyperkinetic conduct disorder in an egalitarian high-income society.

Project description:Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show gray matter volume (GMV) reduction in the putamen. KTN1 variants may regulate kinectin 1 expression in the putamen and influence putamen structure and function. We aim to test the hypothesis that the KTN1 variants may represent a genetic risk factor of ADHD. Two independent family-based Caucasian samples were analyzed, including 922 parent-child trios (a total of 2,757 subjects with 924 ADHD children) and 735 parent-child trios (a total of 1,383 subjects with 613 ADHD children). The association between ADHD and a total of 143 KTN1 SNPs was analyzed in the first sample, and the nominally-significant (p < .05) risk SNPs were classified into independent haplotype blocks. All SNPs, including imputed SNPs within these blocks, and haplotypes across each block, were explored for replication of associations in both samples. The potential biological functions of all risk SNPs were predicted using a series of bioinformatics analyses, their regulatory effects on the putamen volumes were tested, and the KTN1 mRNA expression was examined in three independent human putamen tissue samples. We found that fifteen SNPs were nominally associated with ADHD (p < .05) in the first sample, and three of them remained significant even after correction for multiple testing (1.3 × 10-10 ≤ p ≤ 1.2 × 10-4 ; α = 2.5 × 10-3 ). These 15 risk SNPs were located in five haplotype blocks, and 13 SNPs within four of these blocks were associated with ADHD in the second sample. Six haplotypes within these blocks were also significantly (1.2 × 10-7 ≤ p ≤ .009) associated with ADHD in these samples. These risk variants were located in disease-related transposons and/or transcription-related functional regions. Major alleles of these risk variants significantly increased putamen volumes. Finally, KTN1 mRNA was significantly expressed in putamen across three independent cohorts. We concluded that the KTN1 variants were significantly associated with ADHD. KTN1 may play a functional role in the development of ADHD.

Dataset Information

Parental asthma occurrence, exacerbations and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

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Parental asthma occurrence, exacerbations and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

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