Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

New Antithrombotic Drugs in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

ABSTRACT: In recent years, much progress has been made in the field of antithrombotic drugs in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treatment, as reflected by the introduction of the more potent P2Y12-inhibitors prasugrel and ticagrelor, and novel forms of concomitant anticoagulation, such as fondaparinux and bivalirudin. However, despite substantial improvements in contemporary ACS treatment, there remains residual ischemic risk in this group and hence the need for even more effective antithrombotic drugs, while balancing antithrombotic efficacy against bleeding risk. This review discusses recently introduced and currently developed antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in ACS treatment.

SUBMITTER: Zwart B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7408919 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

New Antithrombotic Drugs in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Zwart Bastiaan B Parker William A E WAE Storey Robert F RF

Journal of clinical medicine 20200630 7

In recent years, much progress has been made in the field of antithrombotic drugs in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treatment, as reflected by the introduction of the more potent P2Y12-inhibitors prasugrel and ticagrelor, and novel forms of concomitant anticoagulation, such as fondaparinux and bivalirudin. However, despite substantial improvements in contemporary ACS treatment, there remains residual ischemic risk in this group and hence the need for even more effective antithrombotic drugs, whil ...[more]

PMID: 32629976

Similar Datasets

Development of New Antithrombotic Regimens for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Project description:Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) require long-term antithrombotic intervention to reduce the risk of further ischemic events; dual antiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is the current standard of care. However, pivotal clinical trials report that patients receiving this treatment have a residual risk of approximately 10% for further ischemic events. The development of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has renewed interest in a 'dual pathway' strategy, targeting both the coagulation cascade and platelet component of thrombus formation. In the phase III ATLAS ACS 2 TIMI 51 trial, a 'triple therapy' approach (NOAC plus dual antiplatelet therapy) showed reduced ischemic events with rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily, albeit at an increased risk of bleeding. Two studies have investigated the role of NOACs in combination with a P2Y12 inhibitor, with or without ASA, in reducing bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention; two further studies are underway. Although these trials will help to inform optimal treatment protocols for secondary prevention of ACS, an individualized approach to treatment will be needed, taking account of the high frequency of co-morbid conditions found in this patient population.

| S-EPMC6555775 | biostudies-literature

Recent advances in antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC4016054 | biostudies-literature

Risk Stratification after an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Significance of Antithrombotic Therapy.

Project description:The impact of the de-escalation strategy of antiplatelet therapy (APT) on the life expectancy after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) requires an assessment in real clinical practice. Into the Russian multicentral observational trial (ORACLE II ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04068909), 1803 patients with ACS and PCI indications were enrolled. During 12 months of follow-up, 228 all-cause deaths have occurred. The analysis of death predictors was carried out by the classification tree method. Age, an option of antithrombotic therapy, a history of chronic heart failure, and uric acid level had the greatest prognostic value. The death prediction model's sensitivity was 82.1% in the training cohort and 79.2% in the test cohort. During the observation period, ticagrelor was replaced with clopidogrel (APT de-escalation) in 357 patients. The groups of patients with different antiplatelet therapy options were adjusted for clinical parameters by the pseudorandomization method. The de-escalation group had the lowerest all-cause death rate. The incidence of bleeding and recurrent nonfatal coronary events in the study groups did not differ significantly. Thus, the APT regimen's advantage of changing from the maximum in the first weeks after ACS to moderate at follow-up has been confirmed. There is an obvious need to study the possibilities of individualizing antiplatelet therapy in patients after acute coronary syndromes.

| S-EPMC8068298 | biostudies-literature

Optimal oral antithrombotic regimes for patients with acute coronary syndrome: a network meta-analysis.

Project description:We performed a network meta-analysis to investigate the optimal antithrombotic regime by indirectly comparing new antithrombotic regimes (new P2Y12 inhibitors plus aspirin or novel oral anticoagulants on top of traditional dual antiplatelet therapy [DAPT]) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases was performed to identify all phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving novel oral anticoagulants or oral P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with ACS. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were regarded as the efficacy endpoint, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major bleeding events were used as the safety endpoint. The net clinical benefit was calculated as the sum of MACE and TIMI major bleeding events.Five phase 3 RCTs with 64,476 ACS patients were included. Although there were no significant differences among new antithrombotic regimes, rivaroxaban 5 mg twice daily plus traditional DAPT might be the most effective in reducing the incidence of MACE, accompanying the highest risk of TIMI major bleeding. Ticagrelor plus aspirin presented slight advantage on the net clinical benefit over other new antithrombotic regimes, with the highest probability of being the best regimes for net clinical benefit (35.0%), followed by prasugrel plus aspirin (28.0%), and rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus traditional DAPT (19.5%).Novel antithrombotic regime with ticagrelor plus aspirin brings a larger clinical benefit in comparison with other regimes, suggesting that it may be the optimal antithrombotic regime for patients with ACS.

| S-EPMC3948750 | biostudies-other

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the intermountain heart collaborative study.

Project description:Objective. To determine factors associated with single antiplatelet (SAP) or dual antiplatelet (DAP) therapy and anticoagulants (AC) use in hospital and after discharge among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods. We evaluated 5,294 ACS patients in the Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study from 2004 to 2009. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of AC or AP use. Results. In hospital, 99% received an AC, 79% DAP, and 19% SAP; 78% had DAP + AC. Coronary stents were the strongest predictors of DAP use in hospital compared to SAP (P < 0.001). After discharge, 77% received DAP, 20% SAP, and 9% AC; 5% had DAP + AC. DAP compared to SAP was less likely for patients on AC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.30, P < 0.0001) after discharge. Placement of a stent increased the likelihood of DAP (bare metal: OR = 54.8, P < 0.0001; drug eluting: OR = 59.4, P < 0.0001). 923 had atrial fibrillation and 337 had a history of venous thromboembolism; these patients had increased use of AC (29% and 40%, resp.). Conclusion. While in-hospital use of AC was nearly universal, postdischarge AC use was rare. Concern for providing the best antithrombotic therapy, while maintaining an acceptable bleeding risk, may explain the selection decisions.

| S-EPMC4302371 | biostudies-literature

Antithrombotic therapy for long-term secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome in high-risk patients.

Project description:Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represent a major clinical burden, because they tend to experience recurrent ischemic events. Acute management of patients with ACS includes combination antithrombotic therapy composed of a parenteral anticoagulant and dual-antiplatelet therapy. Dual-antiplatelet therapy is also recommended for long-term secondary prevention of ACS. Despite advances in the antithrombotic therapies available, clinical trials suggest that patients with ACS still faceã10% risk of another event within 12-15 months of the index event. Certain patient populations, such as elderly patients and those with renal impairment or heart failure, are at higher risk of recurrent ACS events, because these patients have more vascular ischemic and bleeding risk factors than most other patients. Evidence from the GRACE and CRUSADE registries suggests underuse of the guideline-recommended evidence-based therapies for the management of ACS in such patients. This review summarizes the current standard of care for patients with ACS, focusing on long-term secondary antithrombotic strategies. Registry data are used to identify high-risk patient populations; the recent antiplatelet and anticoagulant Phase III trial data are summarized to highlight any patient populations who receive greater or lesser benefit from specific long-term antithrombotic strategies. Guideline recommendations are discussed and suggestions are provided to help improve implementation of long-term secondary prevention strategies and patient prognosis after an ACS event.

| S-EPMC4337714 | biostudies-other

Impact of triple antithrombotic therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in real-world practice.

Project description:Objective:The optimal antithrombotic regimen for patients on oral anticoagulation (OAC) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains debated. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OAC plus clopidogrel with or without aspirin in a real-world setting. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from an international, multi-center registry between 2003 and 2014 (n = 15,401). Patients with ACS and receiving OAC after PCI were screened. The composite primary endpoint was 1-year all-cause death, re-infarction, or severe bleeding. Results:The final analysis enrolled 642 patients including 62 patients (9.7%) with OAC and clopidogrel (dual therapy), and 580 patients (90.3%) with the combination of aspirin, OAC and clopidogrel (triple therapy). Patients on triple therapy were more often female and were more likely to have comorbidities. There was no significant difference regarding the primary end point between dual therapy with triple therapy patients [17.74% vs. 17.24%; unadjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.035; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.556-1.929; adjusted HR: 1.026; 95% CI: 0.544-1.937]. However, the re-infarction rate was significantly higher in dual therapy than triple therapy patients (14.52% vs. 5.34%; unadjusted HR: 2.807; 95% CI: 1.329-5.928; adjusted HR: 2.333; 95% CI: 1.078-5.047). In addition, there was no difference between two regimes in all-cause death and severe bleeding. Conclusions:In real-life patients with ACS following PCI and with an indication of OAC, triple therapy was not associated with an increased rate of adverse outcomes compared to dual therapy. Moreover, it decreased risk of re-infarction and did not increase risk of severe bleeding.

| S-EPMC5756741 | biostudies-literature

Antithrombotic management of patients with acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting: a prospective, observational, nationwide study.

Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess current management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing coronary stenting.DesignNon-interventional, prospective, nationwide study.Setting76 private or public cardiology centres in Italy.ParticipantsPatients with ACS with concomitant AF undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Primary and secondary outcome measuresTo obtain accurate and up-to-date information on pharmacological management of patients with AF admitted for an ACS and undergoing PCI with stent implantation.ResultsOver a 12-month period, 598 consecutive patients were enrolled: 48.8% with AF at hospital admission and 51.2% developing AF during hospitalisation. At discharge, a triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) was prescribed in 64.8%, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in 25.7% and dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) in 8.8% of patients. Among patients with AF at admission, TAT and DAT were more frequently prescribed compared with patients with new-onset AF (76.3% vs 53.8% and 12.5% vs 5.3%, respectively; both p<0.0001), while a DAPT was less often used (11.2% vs 39.5%; p<0.0001). At multivariable analysis, a major bleeding event (OR: 5.40; 95% CI: 2.42 to 12.05; p<0.0001) and malignancy (OR: 5.11; 95% CI: 1.77 to 14.78; p=0.003) resulted the most important independent predictors of DAT prescription.ConclusionsIn this contemporary registry of patients with ACS with AF treated with coronary stents, TAT still resulted as the antithrombotic strategy of choice, DAT was reserved for high bleeding risk and DAPT was mainly prescribed in those developing AF during hospitalisation.Trial registration numberNCT03656523.

| S-EPMC7757435 | biostudies-literature

Long-term follow-up of antithrombotic management patterns in patients with acute coronary syndrome in China.

Project description:ObjectiveTo describe the long-term antithrombotic management patterns (AMPs) and clinical outcomes of Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsThis was an observational, multicenter, longitudinal cohort extension study of Chinese patients who had completed the EPICOR Asia 2-year follow-up study post-hospitalization for an ACS event. Changes in AMP and clinical outcomes for up to 5 years post-ACS event were evaluated.ResultsOverall, 2334 patients with ACS were enrolled at 49 sites. The mean age was 61.6 years and 76.3% were men. By study end, 2093 patients completed the 3-year follow-up. At baseline (2 years post-ACS event), 72.4% of patents received one antiplatelet (AP) medication, with aspirin being the preferred one. A small proportion of patients (21.5%) was treated with two or more APs (2+ AP), and even fewer patients (6.1%) did not receive any AP medication at baseline. Upon study completion, the proportion of patients without AP therapy increased to 13.6%, while the percentage of patients on one AP and 2+ AP decreased to 69.3% and 17.1%, respectively. Numerically, a higher incidence of clinical events (composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke) was observed for the 2+ AP (13.2%) subgroup than for the no AP (10.5%) and one AP (8.6%) subgroups. Furthermore, the 2+ AP subgroup exhibited the greatest number of bleeding events, outpatient visits, and hospitalization rates. Unlike myocardial infarction or stroke, bleeding events prompted an adjustment in AMP.ConclusionMost patients in China received at least one AP medication up to 5 years after an ACS event.

| S-EPMC7276310 | biostudies-literature

Acute coronary syndrome.

Project description:The paramedics brought a 60-year-old man to the emergency department after a sudden onset of shortness of breath with a subsequent drop in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). On arrival the patient looked peri-arrest. His O2 saturations were 84% on 15?L of oxygen. He had gasping breathing with a completely silent chest and the GCS was 6/15 (E=1, V=1, M=4). The blood gas revealed type-2 respiratory failure. The chest X-ray was unremarkable and ECG was not indicative for cardiac catheterisation lab activation. Bedside shock scan was done which showed global hypokinesia of the left ventricle. In spite of unconvincing ECG and chest X-ray, an acute cardiac event was diagnosed in view of an abnormal bedside echo. The patient was transferred to the cardiac catheterisation lab for urgent percutaneous coronary intervention which revealed critical stenosis of the left main stem coronary artery, which was successfully stented. The patient had a good recovery from the life-threatening event.

| S-EPMC4054466 | biostudies-other

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data