Dataset Information

Leaf Lipid Alterations in Response to Heat Stress of Arabidopsis thaliana.

ABSTRACT: In response to elevated temperatures, plants alter the activities of enzymes that affect lipid composition. While it has long been known that plant leaf membrane lipids become less unsaturated in response to heat, other changes, including polygalactosylation of galactolipids, head group acylation of galactolipids, increases in phosphatidic acid and triacylglycerols, and formation of sterol glucosides and acyl sterol glucosides, have been observed more recently. In this work, by measuring lipid levels with mass spectrometry, we confirm the previously observed changes in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf lipids under three heat stress regimens. Additionally, in response to heat, increased oxidation of the fatty acyl chains of leaf galactolipids, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols, and phosphatidylglycerols, and incorporation of oxidized acyl chains into acylated monogalactosyldiacylglycerols are shown. We also observed increased levels of digalactosylmonoacylglycerols and monogalactosylmonoacylglycerols. The hypothesis that a defect in sterol glycosylation would adversely affect regrowth of plants after a severe heat stress regimen was tested, but differences between wild-type and sterol glycosylation-defective plants were not detected.

SUBMITTER: Shiva S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7412450 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Leaf Lipid Alterations in Response to Heat Stress of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

Shiva Sunitha S Samarakoon Thilani T Lowe Kaleb A KA Roach Charles C Vu Hieu Sy HS Colter Madeline M Porras Hollie H Hwang Caroline C Roth Mary R MR Tamura Pamela P Li Maoyin M Schrick Kathrin K Shah Jyoti J Wang Xuemin X Wang Haiyan H Welti Ruth R

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20200704 7

In response to elevated temperatures, plants alter the activities of enzymes that affect lipid composition. While it has long been known that plant leaf membrane lipids become less unsaturated in response to heat, other changes, including polygalactosylation of galactolipids, head group acylation of galactolipids, increases in phosphatidic acid and triacylglycerols, and formation of sterol glucosides and acyl sterol glucosides, have been observed more recently. In this work, by measuring lipid l ...[more]

PMID: 32635518

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Project description:IntroductionIncreasing global warming has made heat stress a serious threat to crop productivity and global food security in recent years. One of the most promising solutions to address this issue is developing heat-stress-tolerant plants. Hence, a thorough understanding of heat stress response mechanisms, particularly molecular ones, is crucial.MethodsAlthough numerous studies have used microarray expression profiling technology to explore this area, these experiments often face limitations, leading to inconsistent results. To overcome these limitations, a random effects meta-analysis was employed using advanced statistical methods. A meta-analysis of 16 microarray datasets related to heat stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana was conducted.ResultsThe analysis revealed 1,972 significant differentially expressed genes between control and heat-stressed plants (826 over-expressed and 1,146 down-expressed), including 128 differentially expressed transcription factors from different families. The most significantly enriched biological processes, molecular functions, and KEGG pathways for over-expressed genes included heat response, mRNA splicing via spliceosome pathways, unfolded protein binding, and heat shock protein binding. Conversely, for down-expressed genes, the most significantly enriched categories included cell wall organization or biogenesis, protein phosphorylation, transmembrane transporter activity, ion transmembrane transporter, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and metabolic pathways.DiscussionThrough our comprehensive meta-analysis of heat stress transcriptomics, we have identified pivotal genes integral to the heat stress response, offering profound insights into the molecular mechanisms by which plants counteract such stressors. Our findings elucidate that heat stress influences gene expression both at the transcriptional phase and post-transcriptionally, thereby substantially augmenting our comprehension of plant adaptive strategies to heat stress.

Project description:BackgroundHeat stress is a major abiotic stress affecting the growth and development of plants, including crop species. Plants have evolved various adaptive strategies to help them survive heat stress, including maintaining membrane stability, encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs) and ROS-scavenging enzymes, and inducing molecular chaperone signaling. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are phytohormones that regulate various aspects of plant development, which have been implicated also in plant responses to heat stress, and resistance to heat in Arabidopsis thaliana is enhanced by adding exogenous BR. Brassinazole resistant 1 (BZR1), a transcription factor and positive regulator of BR signal, controls plant growth and development by directly regulating downstream target genes. However, the molecular mechanism at the basis of BR-mediated heat stress response is poorly understood. Here, we report the identification of a new factor critical for BR-regulated heat stress tolerance.ResultsWe identified ERF49 in a genetic screen for proteins required for BR-regulated gene expression. We found that ERF49 is the direct target gene of BZR1 and that overexpressing ERF49 enhanced sensitivity of transgenic plants to heat stress. The transcription levels of heat shock factor HSFA2, heat stress-inducible gene DREB2A, and three heat shock protein (HSP) were significantly reduced under heat stress in ERF49-overexpressed transgenic plants. Transcriptional activity analysis in protoplast revealed that BZR1 inhibits ERF49 expression by binding to the promoter of ERF49. Our genetic analysis showed that dominant gain-of-function brassinazole resistant 1-1D mutant (bzr1-1D) exhibited lower sensitivity to heat stress compared with wild-type. Expressing ERF49-SRDX (a dominant repressor reporter of ERF49) in bzr1-1D significantly decreased the sensitivity of ERF49-SRDX/bzr1-1D transgenic plants to heat stress compared to bzr1-1D.ConclusionsOur data provide clear evidence that BR increases thermotolerance of plants by repressing the expression of ERF49 through BZR1, and this process is dependent on the expression of downstream heat stress-inducible genes. Taken together, our work reveals a novel molecular mechanism mediating plant response to high temperature stress.

Dataset Information

Leaf Lipid Alterations in Response to Heat Stress of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Publications

Leaf Lipid Alterations in Response to Heat Stress of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

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