Dataset Information

A Comparative Analysis of Forming Railway Axles in 3- and 4-Roll Rolling Mills.

ABSTRACT: The paper presents a comparative analysis of skew rolling in 3- and 4-roll CNC rolling mills. The analysis is performed using the FEM-based commercial simulation software Simufact.Forming. The formation of both solid and hollow railway axles is analyzed. Distributions of effective strain, temperature and damage criterion in rolled axles are determined, and loads and torques acting on the tools during rolling are estimated. An innovative concept of calibrating hollow axles by the rotary compression technique developed at the Lublin University of Technology is presented. Experimental tests of rolling solid axles in a 3-roll rolling mill (in a scale of 1:5) are performed, and basic force parameters of the rolling process are measured. Numerical and experimental loads and torques show a high agreement in terms of both quality and quantity.

SUBMITTER: Pater Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7412509 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Comparative Analysis of Forming Railway Axles in 3- and 4-Roll Rolling Mills.

Pater Zbigniew Z

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20200710 14

The paper presents a comparative analysis of skew rolling in 3- and 4-roll CNC rolling mills. The analysis is performed using the FEM-based commercial simulation software Simufact.Forming. The formation of both solid and hollow railway axles is analyzed. Distributions of effective strain, temperature and damage criterion in rolled axles are determined, and loads and torques acting on the tools during rolling are estimated. An innovative concept of calibrating hollow axles by the rotary compressi ...[more]

PMID: 32664273

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Project description:This study aims to solve the problem of springback control of aluminum alloy components in the rolling process, and the method of combining experiment and simulation is adopted. Firstly, a series of aluminum alloy samples are designed, and the four-axis flexible bending machine is used for precision roll bending. Secondly, the three-dimensional (3D) shape change data of the workpiece before and after roll bending is monitored and recorded in real-time by a high-precision 3D scanner. Meanwhile, aiming at different rolling process parameters of each group (including roll bend speed, feed rate, pre-deformation amount, mold curvature radius, and other factors), advanced finite element software is used to carry out detailed simulation and calculations. In addition, the coincidence is compared and analyzed between the actual experiment results and the simulation prediction. The stress-strain distribution and springback evolution of aluminum alloy during roll bending are described accurately. The experimental and simulation results show that the springback rate of aluminum alloy fluctuates in the range of 5% to 15% after four-axis flexible roll bending, and the specific springback value is influenced by various process parameters. For example, under the premise of keeping other conditions unchanged, when the roll bending speed is increased from 30mm/s to 60mm/s, the springback rate shows an upward trend of about 3%. By increasing the feed rate by 20%, an average decrease of about 7% in springback quantity is observed. It can be seen that the increase in roll bending speed can aggravate the springback phenomenon, and the appropriate increase in feed rate can play a certain role in restraining the springback. Further analysis shows that the choice of the mold curvature radius and pre-deformation amount also has a decisive influence on the springback characteristics. There is a nonlinear relationship between the two parameters and the amount of springback. Changing these two parameters in a specific range can effectively regulate the springback effect.

Project description:Root system architecture (RSA) plays an important role in the acquisition of both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the environment. Currently RSA is rarely considered as criteria for selection to improve nutrient uptake efficiency in crop breeding. Under field conditions roots can be greatly influenced by uncontrolled environment factors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop fast selection methods for evaluating root traits of young seedlings in the lab which can then be related to high nutrient efficiency of adult plants in the field. Here, a maize recombination inbred line (RILs) population was used to compare the genetic relationship between RSA and nitrogen and phosphorous efficiency traits. The phenotypes of eight RSA-related traits were evaluated in young seedlings using three different growth systems (i.e., paper roll, hydroponics and vermiculite), and then subjected to correlation analysis with N efficiency and P efficiency related traits measured under field conditions. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) of RSA were determined and QTL co-localizations across different growth systems were further analyzed. Phenotypic associations were observed for most of RSA traits among all three culture systems. RSA-related traits in hydroponics and vermiculite weakly correlated with Nitrogen (NupE) uptake efficiency (r = 0.17-0.31) and Phosphorus (PupE) uptake efficiency (r = 0.22-0.34). This correlation was not found in the paper roll growth system. A total of 14 QTLs for RSA were identified in paper rolls, 18 in hydroponics, and 14 in vermiculite. Co-localization of QTLs for RSA traits were identified in six chromosome regions of bin 1.04/1.05, 1.06, 2.04/2.05, 3.04, 4.05, and 5.04/5.05. The results suggest the problem of using the phenotype from one growth system to predict those in another growth system. Assessing RSA traits at the seedling stage using either hydroponics or a vermiculite system appears better suited than the paper roll system as an important index to accelerate the selection of high N and P efficient genotypes for maize breeding programs.

Dataset Information

A Comparative Analysis of Forming Railway Axles in 3- and 4-Roll Rolling Mills.

Publications

A Comparative Analysis of Forming Railway Axles in 3- and 4-Roll Rolling Mills.

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