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Evaluation of Electrical Performance and Properties of Electroretinography Electrodes.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the electrical performance and properties of commercially available electroretinography (ERG) electrodes. Methods:A passive ionic model was used to measure impedance, noise, and potential drift in 10 types of ocular surface and skin ERG electrodes. Results:The impedance for silver-based ocular electrodes are generally lower (range, 65.35-343.3 ?) with smaller phase angles (range, -6.41° to -33.91°) than gold-based electrodes (impedance ranged from 285.95 ? to 2.913 k?, and phase angle ranged from -59.65° to -70.01°). Silver-based ocular electrodes have less noise (median line noise of 6.48 x 104nV2/Hz) than gold-based electrodes (median line noise of 2.26 x 105nV2/Hz). Although silver-based electrodes usually achieve a drift rate less than 5 µV/s within 15 minutes, gold-base ocular electrode cannot achieve a stable potential. The exception is the RETeval strip type of silver electrode, which had an unusual drift at 20 minutes. The noise spectral density showed no change over time indicating that noise was not dependent on the stabilization of the electrode. Conclusions:From the range of electrodes tested, lower impedance, lower capacitance, and lower noise was observed in silver-based electrodes. Stabilization of an electrode is effective against drift of the electrode potential difference but not the noise. Translational Relevance:Application of electrodes with optimized materials improve the quality of clinical electrophysiology signals and efficiency of the recording.

SUBMITTER: Man TTC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7414618 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of Electrical Performance and Properties of Electroretinography Electrodes.

Man Tony T C TTC Yip Yolanda W Y YWY Cheung Frederick K F FKF Lee Wing Sze WS Pang Chi Pui CP Brelén Mårten Erik ME

Translational vision science & technology 20200630 7

<h4>Purpose</h4>The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the electrical performance and properties of commercially available electroretinography (ERG) electrodes.<h4>Methods</h4>A passive ionic model was used to measure impedance, noise, and potential drift in 10 types of ocular surface and skin ERG electrodes.<h4>Results</h4>The impedance for silver-based ocular electrodes are generally lower (range, 65.35-343.3 Ω) with smaller phase angles (range, -6.41° to -33.91°) than gold-based el ...[more]

PMID: 32832250

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:Needle EMG remains the standard clinical test for neuromuscular disease (NMD) assessment, but it only characterizes myofiber membrane depolarization. On the other hand, electrical impedance provides non-electrically active structural and compositional data of tissues. Here, we designed a prototype of needle electrode integrating electrical impedance and EMG measurement capabilities, the so-called I-EMG needle electrode. APPROACH:We use finite element method models to study the impedance recording characteristics of I-EMG needle electrodes. The simulated electrical and mechanical design specifications are then manufactured to create a prototype of an I-EMG needle electrode. We pilot these new needle electrodes by conducting in vivo impedance measurements with muscle at rest on healthy wild-type (wt, n = 5) and muscular dystrophy (mdx, n = 5) mice. Comparisons between wt and mdx mice are performed using Mann-Whitney test, two-tailed, p < 0.05. The electrical characterization of the EMG electrode in the developed I-EMG needles was performed in vitro on saline solution and through EMG detection in wt animal at rest and during voluntary contractions. RESULTS:Muscle impedance demonstrate good repeatability (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005 for resistance and reactance at 50 kHz, respectively) and agreement between different I-EMG needles. Impedance data allows us to discriminate between mdx and wt muscle (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005 for resistance and reactance at 10 kHz, respectively). EMG broadband noise power and peak amplitude using the I-EMG needle were similar to that of a commercial monopolar EMG needle. EMG recordings using the I-EMG needle measured electrical activity similar to a standard monopolar needle with muscle at rest and during voluntary contraction. SIGNIFICANCE:Needle I-EMG technology may offer the opportunity to enhance the diagnostic capability and quantification of NMD beyond that possible with either impedance or EMG techniques separately. Ultimately, needle I-EMG could serve as a new bedside tool to assess NMD without increasing the complexity or duration of the EMG test.

Dataset Information

Evaluation of Electrical Performance and Properties of Electroretinography Electrodes.

Publications

Evaluation of Electrical Performance and Properties of Electroretinography Electrodes.

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