Self-weighing frequency and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: post hoc analysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sakane N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7414687 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Self-weighing frequency and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: post hoc analysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
Sakane Naoki N Oshima Yoshitake Y Kotani Kazuhiko K Suganuma Akiko A Nirengi Shinsuke S Takahashi Kaoru K Sato Juichi J Suzuki Sadao S Izumi Kazuo K Kato Masayuki M Noda Mitsuhiko M Kuzuya Hideshi H
BMC research notes 20200808 1
<h4>Objectives</h4>Frequent self-weighing is associated with weight loss and maintenance, but the relationship between frequent self-weighing and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. The study aim was to examine the association between self-weighing frequency and the incidence of T2D in people with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).<h4>Results</h4>We tested the hypothesis that self-weighing frequency and the incidence of T2D are associated in 2607 people with IFG (1240 in the int ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundA workplace-based primary prevention intervention be an effective approach to reducing the incidence of hypertension (HTN). However, few studies to date have addressed the effect among the Chinese working population. We assessed the effect of a workplace-based multicomponent prevention interventions program for cardiovascular disease on reducing the occurrence of HTN through encouraging employees to adopt a healthy lifestyle.MethodsIn this post hoc analysis of cluster randomized controlled study, 60 workplaces across 20 urban regions in China were randomized to either the intervention group (n = 40) or control group (n = 20). All employees in each workplace were asked to complete a baseline survey after randomization for obtaining sociodemographic information, health status, lifestyle, etc. Employees in the intervention group were given a 2-year workplace-based primary prevention intervention program for improving their cardiovascular health, including (1) cardiovascular health education, (2) a reasonable diet, (3) tobacco cessation, (4) physical environment promotion, (5) physical activity, (6) stress management, and (7) health screening. The primary outcome was the incidence of HTN, and the secondary outcomes were improvements of blood pressure (BP) levels and lifestyle factors from baseline to 24 months. A mix effect model was used to assess the intervention effect at the end of the intervention in the two groups.ResultsOverall, 24,396 participants (18,170 in the intervention group and 6,226 in the control group) were included (mean [standard deviation] age, 39.3 [9.1] years; 14,727 men [60.4%]). After 24 months of the intervention, the incidence of HTN was 8.0% in the intervention groups and 9.6% in the control groups [relative risk (RR) = 0.66, 95% CI, 0.58 ~ 0.76, P < 0.001]. The intervention effect was significant on systolic BP (SBP) level (β = - 0.7 mm Hg, 95% CI, - 1.06 ~ - 0.35; P < 0.001) and on diastolic BP (DBP) level (β = - 1.0 mm Hg, 95% CI, - 1.31 ~ - 0.76; P < 0.001). Moreover, greater improvements were reported in the rates of regular exercise [odd ratio (OR) = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.28 ~ 1.50; P < 0.001], excessive intake of fatty food (OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.50 ~ 0.59; P < 0.001), and restrictive use of salt (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 1.09 ~ 1.36; P = 0.001) in intervention groups. People with a deteriorating lifestyle had higher rates of developing HTN than those with the same or improved lifestyle. Subgroup analysis showed that the intervention effect of BP on employees with educational attainment of high school above (SBP: β = - 1.38/ - 0.76 mm Hg, P < 0.05; DBP: β = - 2.26/ - 0.75 mm Hg, P < 0.001), manual labor workers and administrative worker (SBP: β = - 1.04/ - 1.66 mm Hg, P < 0.05; DBP: β = - 1.85/ - 0.40 mm Hg, P < 0.05), and employees from a workplace with an affiliated hospital (SBP: β = - 2.63 mm Hg, P < 0.001; DBP: β = - 1.93 mm Hg, P < 0.001) were significantly in the intervention group.ConclusionsThis post hoc analysis found that workplace-based primary prevention interventions program for cardiovascular disease were effective in promoting healthy lifestyle and reducing the incidence of HTN among employees.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry No. ChiCTR-ECS-14004641.
| S-EPMC10268422 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionSelf-weighing is an important component of self-monitoring during weight loss. However, methods of measuring self-weighing frequency need to be validated. This analysis compared self-reported and objective weighing frequency.MethodsData came from a 24-month randomized controlled trial. Participants received 12 months of a behavioral weight-loss program and were randomly assigned to (1) daily self-weighing, (2) weekly weighing, or (3) no weighing (excluded from analysis). Objective weighing frequency was measured by Wi-Fi enabled scales, and self-reported weighing frequency was assessed every 6 months by questionnaire. Objective weights were categorized to match the scale of the self-report measure.ResultsAt 12 months, there was 80.8% agreement between self-reported and objective weighing frequency (weighted kappa?=?0.67; P?<?0.001). At 24 months, agreement decreased to 48.5% (kappa?=?0.27; P?<?0.001). At both time points in which disagreements occurred, self-reported frequencies were generally greater than objectively assessed weighing. Both self-reported and objectively assessed weighing frequency was associated with weight loss at 12 and 24 months (P?<?0.001).ConclusionsSelf-reported weighing frequency is modestly correlated with objective weighing frequency; however, both are associated with weight change over time. Objective assessment of weighing frequency should be used to avoid overestimating actual frequency.
| S-EPMC6107396 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of self-weighing for weight loss in men for 6 months.MethodsIn the present study, 54 men, mean age of 40.1 ± 11.1 years, with overweight or obesity, were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: control group (CG), without weight self-monitoring and intervention group (IG), with weight self-monitoring. Both groups received the same nutritional and educational advice and the establishment of a weight target to reach in the weight loss program. Subjects of IG also had individualized motivating content to improve self-management for 24 weeks. Anthropometric indices were measured at baseline and weekly for 24 weeks.ResultsWhen the group assigned after randomization was introduced in the analysis, its influence was significant in weight loss (F1.52 = 19.465, ± 2 = 0.272, p < 0.001) and in the decrease in body fat percentage (F1.52 = 8,306, ± 2 = 0.132, p < 0.01).ConclusionStudy results indicate that self-weighing can help patients to lose additional weight. Our findings have implications in the emerging area of the behavioral approach of patients undergoing weight-loss treatment, as well as clinical care processes.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04032249.
| S-EPMC7077514 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe Diabetes Manual is a type 2 diabetes self-management programme based upon the clinically effective 'Heart Manual'. The 12 week programme is a complex intervention theoretically underpinned by self-efficacy theory. It is a one to one intervention meeting United Kingdom requirements for structured diabetes-education and is delivered within routine primary care.Methods/designIn a two-group cluster randomized controlled trial, GP practices are allocated by computer minimisation to an intervention group or a six-month deferred intervention group. We aim to recruit 250 participants from 50 practices across central England. Eligibility criteria are adults able to undertake the programme with type 2 diabetes, not taking insulin, with HbA1c over 8% (first 12 months) and following an agreed protocol change over 7% (months 13 to 18). Following randomisation, intervention nurses receive two-day training and delivered the Diabetes Manual programme to participants. Deferred intervention nurses receive the training following six-month follow-up. Primary outcome is HbA1c with total and HDL cholesterol; blood pressure, body mass index; self-efficacy and quality of life as additional outcomes. Primary analysis is between-group HbA1c differences at 6 months powered to give 80% power to detect a difference in HbA1c of 0.6%. A 12 month cohort analysis will assess maintenance of effect and assess relationship between self-efficacy and outcomes, and a qualitative study is running alongside.DiscussionThis trial incorporates educational and psychological diabetes interventions into a single programme and assesses both clinical and psychosocial outcomes. The trial will increase our understanding of intervention transferability between conditions, those diabetes related health behaviours that are more or less susceptible to change through efficacy enhancing mechanisms and how this impacts on clinical outcomes.
| S-EPMC1555586 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, on serum magnesium in hypomagnesemic patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis post hoc analysis was based on pooled data from four placebo-controlled studies of canagliflozin (N = 2313). The proportion of patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L who achieved serum magnesium ≥0.74 mmol/L at week 26 was evaluated.ResultsAt week 26, canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg increased serum magnesium versus placebo in patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L (17.0% and 19.0% vs 3.9%) and ≥0.74 mmol/L (4.9% and 7.0% vs -1.4%). More patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L had serum magnesium ≥0.74 mmol/L at week 26 with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo (74.1% and 80.6% vs 28.8%).ConclusionsCanagliflozin was associated with normalization of serum magnesium in hypomagnesemic patients with type 2 diabetes, potentially leading to improved cardiometabolic outcomes.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers, NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT01106625, NCT01106690.
| S-EPMC5380494 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLiraglutide is a glucose-lowering medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. It is a GLP-1 receptor agonist with downstream metabolic changes beyond the incretin system, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications. The understanding of these changes is critical for improving treatment outcomes. Herein, we present a post hoc experimental analysis using metabolomic phenotyping to discover molecular mecphanisms in response to liraglutide.MethodPlasma samples were obtained from The LiraFlame Study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03449654), a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial, including 102 participants with type 2 diabetes randomized to either liraglutide or placebo treatment for 26 weeks. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analyses were carried out on samples from baseline and the end of the trial. Metabolites (n=114) were categorized into pathways and linear mixed models were constructed to evaluate the association between changes in metabolites and liraglutide treatment.ResultsWe found the free fatty acid palmitoleate was significantly reduced in the liraglutide group compared to placebo (adjusted for multiple testing p-value = 0.04). The activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), the rate limiting enzyme for converting palmitate into palmitoleate, was found significantly downregulated by liraglutide treatment compared to placebo (p-value = 0.01). These metabolic changes have demonstrated to be linked to insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health.
| S-EPMC10012104 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFrequent self-weighing is associated with successful weight loss and weight maintenance during and after weight loss interventions. Less is known about self-weighing behaviors and associated weight change in free-living settings.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of self-weighing and changes in body weight in a large international cohort of smart scale users.MethodsThis was an observational cohort study with 10,000 randomly selected smart scale users who had used the scale for at least 1 year. Longitudinal weight measurement data were analyzed. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and weight change over the follow-up was investigated among normal weight, overweight, and obese users using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear models. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and temporal weight change was analyzed using linear mixed effects models.ResultsThe eligible sample consisted of 9768 participants (6515/9768, 66.7% men; mean age 41.5 years; mean BMI 26.8 kg/m2). Of the participants, 4003 (4003/9768, 41.0%), 3748 (3748/9768, 38.4%), and 2017 (2017/9768, 20.6%) were normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively. During the mean follow-up time of 1085 days, the mean weight change was -0.59 kg, and the mean percentage of days with a self-weigh was 39.98%, which equals 2.8 self-weighs per week. The percentage of self-weighing days correlated inversely with weight change, r=-0.111 (P<.001). Among normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, the correlations were r=-0.100 (P<.001), r=-0.125 (P<.001), and r=-0.148 (P<.001), respectively. Of all participants, 72.5% (7085/9768) had at least one period of ≥30 days without weight measurements. During the break, weight increased, and weight gains were more pronounced among overweight and obese individuals: 0.58 kg in the normal weight group, 0.93 kg in the overweight group, and 1.37 kg in the obese group (P<.001).ConclusionsFrequent self-weighing was associated with favorable weight loss outcomes also in an uncontrolled, free-living setting, regardless of specific weight loss interventions. The beneficial associations of regular self-weighing were more pronounced for overweight or obese individuals.
| S-EPMC8277333 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe efficacy of ertugliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, for glycemic and blood pressure (BP) control has been demonstrated in phase 3 studies. To further evaluate the effects of ertugliflozin on BP and other hemodynamic parameters, an analysis was conducted on the pooled patient populations from these studies.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of data from three phase 3 studies (NCT01958671, NCT02033889, and NCT02036515) of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received placebo, ertugliflozin 5 mg, or ertugliflozin 15 mg. Outcomes at 26 weeks were analyzed for the pooled population and according to relevant baseline factors, including BP.ResultsOf the 1544 patients included (placebo, n = 515; ertugliflozin 5 mg, n = 519; ertugliflozin 15 mg, n = 510), most (67.4-69.0%) had hypertension at baseline. Mean baseline BP was similar across treatment groups (placebo, 129.7/78.0 mmHg; ertugliflozin 5 mg, 131.0/78.4 mmHg; ertugliflozin 15 mg, 130.5/78.4 mmHg). At Week 26, placebo-adjusted least squares (LS) mean changes (95% confidence intervals [CI]) from baseline in systolic BP (SBP) were - 3.7 mmHg (- 5.1, - 2.3) for both ertugliflozin doses. Reductions were consistent across all baseline subgroups. At Week 26, more patients with a baseline SBP ≥ 130 mmHg had a SBP < 130 mmHg with ertugliflozin (38.7% both doses) than with placebo (24.0%), and more patients with a baseline SBP ≥ 140 mmHg attained a SBP < 140 mmHg with ertugliflozin (59.5% [5 mg] and 66.7% [15 mg]) than with placebo (43.8%). Placebo-adjusted LS mean changes (95% CI) in diastolic BP (DBP) with ertugliflozin 5 mg and 15 mg were - 1.8 mmHg (- 2.7, - 0.9) and - 1.6 mmHg (- 2.5, - 0.7), respectively, and in pulse rate were - 1.3 beats per minute (bpm) (- 2.2, - 0.3) and - 1.5 bpm (- 2.5, - 0.6), respectively. Greater reductions in pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, and double product were observed with ertugliflozin than with placebo. Incidence of adverse event-related osmotic diuresis was low, but greater with ertugliflozin (2.9% [5 mg], 2.4% [15 mg]) than placebo (1.0%).ConclusionErtugliflozin treatment led to reductions in SBP, DBP, and pulse rate relative to placebo. Reductions in SBP were generally consistent across the subgroups evaluated. Trial registration NCT01958671; NCT02033889; NCT02036515.
| S-EPMC6503446 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSmoking cessation is associated with weight gain, and the risk of weight gain is a common deterrent to quitting smoking. Thus, the identification of strategies for reducing post-smoking cessation weight gain is critical.ObjectiveConduct secondary analysis of data from the Fit & Quit trial to determine if greater frequency of self-weighing is associated with less weight gain in the context of smoking cessation.MethodsParticipants (N = 305) were randomized to one of three 2-month weight interventions (i.e., Stability, Loss, Bibliotherapy), followed by a smoking cessation intervention. Stability and Loss conditions received different types of self-weighing feedback. All participants received e-scales at baseline, to capture daily self-weighing data over 12 months. General linear models were applied to test the main objective.ResultsFrequency of self-weighing was (mean ± SD) 2.67 ± 1.84 days/week. The Stability condition had significantly higher self-weighing frequency (3.18 ± 1.72 days/week) compared to the Loss (2.51 ± 1.99 days/week) and the Bibliotherapy conditions (2.22 ± 1.63 days/week). Adjusting for baseline weight and treatment condition, self-weighing 3-4 days/week was associated with weight stability (-0.77 kg, 95% CI: -2.2946, 0.7474, p = 0.3175), and self-weighing 5 or more days/week was associated with 2.26 kg weight loss (95% CI: -3.9249, -0.5953, p = 0.0080).ConclusionsSelf-weighing may serve as a useful tool for weight gain prevention after smoking cessation. Feedback received about self-weighing behaviors and weight trajectory (similar to the feedback Stability participants received) might enhance adherence.
| S-EPMC10399538 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLittle is known about the association between self-weighing frequency and weight gain prevention, particularly in worksite populations.PurposeThe degree to which self-weighing frequency predicted 2-year body weight change in working adults was examined.MethodThe association between self-weighing frequency (monthly or less, weekly, daily, or more) and 24-month weight change was analyzed in a prospective cohort analysis (n = 1,222) as part of the larger HealthWorks trial.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between follow-up self-weighing frequency and baseline body mass index. The difference in weight change ranged from -4.4 ± 0.8 kg weight loss among obese daily self-weighers to 2.1 ± 0.4 kg weight gain for participants at a healthy weight who reported monthly self-weighing.ConclusionMore frequent self-weighing seemed to be most beneficial for obese individuals. These findings may aid in the refinement of self-weighing frequency recommendations used in the context of weight management interventions.
| S-EPMC3474347 | biostudies-literature