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Effect on the ensilage performance and microbial community of adding Neolamarckia cadamba leaves to corn stalks.

ABSTRACT: To comprehensively evaluate the fermentation performance and microbial community of corn stalks (CS) silage mixed with Neolamarckia cadamba leaves (NCL), CS were ensiled with four levels (0%, 10%, 30% and 50% of fresh weight) of NCL for 1, 7, 14, 30, 60 days in two trials. The results showed that all silages were well preserved with low pH (3.60-3.88) and ammonia nitrogen content (0.08-0.19% DM). The silage samples with NCL displayed lower (P < 0.05) acetic acid, propionic acid and ammonia nitrogen contents and lactic acid bacteria population during ensiling than control silages (100% CS). The addition of NCL also influenced the distribution of bacterial and fungal communities. Fungal diversity (Shannon's indices were 5.15-5.48 and 2.85-4.27 in trial 1 and trial 2 respectively) increased while the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Leuconostocs, Acetobacter and two moulds (Aspergillus and Fusarium) decreased after added NCL. In summary, mixing NCL is a promising effective approach to preserve protein of CS silage and inhibit the growth of undesirable bacteria and mould, thus to improve the forage quality to some extent.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7415371 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect on the ensilage performance and microbial community of adding Neolamarckia cadamba leaves to corn stalks.

Wang Yi Y Zhou Wei W Wang Cheng C Yang Fuyu F Chen Xiaoyang X Zhang Qing Q

Microbial biotechnology 20200525 5

To comprehensively evaluate the fermentation performance and microbial community of corn stalks (CS) silage mixed with Neolamarckia cadamba leaves (NCL), CS were ensiled with four levels (0%, 10%, 30% and 50% of fresh weight) of NCL for 1, 7, 14, 30, 60 days in two trials. The results showed that all silages were well preserved with low pH (3.60-3.88) and ammonia nitrogen content (0.08-0.19% DM). The silage samples with NCL displayed lower (P < 0.05) acetic acid, propionic acid and ammonia nitro ...[more]

PMID: 32449595

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Project description:The effects of Neolamarckia cadamba leaves extract (NCLE), with effective ingredients of flavonoids, on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and relevant microorganisms in cecal contents and feces of broilers treated with or without lipopolysaccharide stimulation (LPS) were investigated. LPS stimulation increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as tet(W/N/W), APH(3')-IIIa, ErmB, tet (44), ANT (6)-Ia, tet(O), tet (32), Vang_ACT_CHL, myrA, ANT (6)-Ib, IncQ1, tniB, and rep2 in cecal contents. However, the difference disappeared (P > 0.05) when NCLE was added at the same time. These differential ARGs and MGEs were mainly correlated (P < 0.01) with Clostridiales bacterium, Lachnospiraceae bacterium, and Candidatus Woodwardibium gallinarum. These species increased in LPS-stimulated broilers and decreased when NCLE was applied at the same time. In feces, LPS stimulation decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of tet(Q), adeF, ErmF, Mef(En2), OXA-347, tet (40), npmA, tmrB, CfxA3, and ISCrsp1, while the LPS + NCLE treated group showed no significant effect (P > 0.05) on these ARGs. These differential ARGs and MGEs in feces were mainly correlated (P < 0.01) with Clostridiales bacterium, Pseudoflavonifractor sp. An184, Flavonifractor sp. An10, Ruminococcaceae bacterium, etc. These species increased in LPS-stimulated broilers and increased when NCLE was applied at the same time. In conclusion, LPS stimulation and NCLE influenced microbial communities and associated ARGs in both cecal contents and feces of broilers. NCLE alleviated the change of ARGs and MGEs in LPS-induced broilers by maintaining the microbial balance.IMPORTANCEAntibiotics showed a positive effect on gut health regulation and growth performance improvement in livestock breeding, but the antimicrobial resistance threat and environment pollution problem are increasingly severe with antibiotics abuse. As alternatives, plant extract containing bioactive substances are increasingly used to improve immunity and promote productivity. However, little is known about their effects on diversity and abundance of ARGs. Here, we investigated the effects of NCLE, with effective ingredients of flavonoids, on ARGs and relevant microorganisms in cecal contents and feces of broilers treated with or without lipopolysaccharide stimulation. We found that NCLE reduced the abundance of ARGs in cecal contents of lipopolysaccharide-induced broilers by maintaining the microbial balance. This study provides a comprehensive view of cecal and fecal microbial community, ARGs, and MGEs of broiler following LPS stimulation and NCLE treatment. It might be used to understand and control ARGs dissemination in livestock production.

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Effect on the ensilage performance and microbial community of adding Neolamarckia cadamba leaves to corn stalks.

Publications

Effect on the ensilage performance and microbial community of adding Neolamarckia cadamba leaves to corn stalks.

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