Dataset Information

Climate dependent heating efficiency in the common lizard.

ABSTRACT: Regulation of body temperature is crucial for optimizing physiological performance in ectotherms but imposes constraints in time and energy. Time and energy spent thermoregulating can be reduced through behavioral (e.g., basking adjustments) or biophysical (e.g., heating rate physiology) means. In a heterogeneous environment, we expect thermoregulation costs to vary according to local, climatic conditions and therefore to drive the evolution of both behavioral and biophysical thermoregulation. To date, there are limited data showing that thermal physiological adjustments have a direct relationship to climatic conditions. In this study, we explored the effect of environmental conditions on heating rates in the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara). We sampled lizards from 10 populations in the Massif Central Mountain range of France and measured whether differences in heating rates of individuals correlated with phenotypic traits (i.e., body condition and dorsal darkness) or abiotic factors (temperature and rainfall). Our results show that heat gain is faster for lizards with a higher body condition, but also for individuals from habitats with higher amount of precipitation. Altogether, they demonstrate that environmentally induced constraints can shape biophysical aspects of thermoregulation.

SUBMITTER: Rutschmann A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7417243 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Climate dependent heating efficiency in the common lizard.

Rutschmann Alexis A Rozen-Rechels David D Dupoué Andréaz A Blaimont Pauline P de Villemereuil Pierre P Miles Donald B DB Richard Murielle M Clobert Jean J

Ecology and evolution 20200716 15

Regulation of body temperature is crucial for optimizing physiological performance in ectotherms but imposes constraints in time and energy. Time and energy spent thermoregulating can be reduced through behavioral (e.g., basking adjustments) or biophysical (e.g., heating rate physiology) means. In a heterogeneous environment, we expect thermoregulation costs to vary according to local, climatic conditions and therefore to drive the evolution of both behavioral and biophysical thermoregulation. T ...[more]

PMID: 32788957

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Project description:Different strategies of reproductive mode, either oviparity (egg-laying) or viviparity (live-bearing), will be associated with a range of other life-history differences that are expected to affect patterns of ageing and longevity. It is usually difficult to compare the effects of alternative reproductive modes because of evolutionary and ecological divergence. However, the very rare exemplars of reproductive bimodality, in which different modes exist within a single species, offer an opportunity for robust and controlled comparisons.One trait of interest that could be associated with life history, ageing and longevity is the length of the telomeres, which form protective caps at the chromosome ends and are generally considered a good indicator of cellular health. The shortening of these telomeres has been linked to stressful conditions; therefore, it is possible that differing reproductive costs will influence patterns of telomere loss. This is important because a number of studies have linked a shorter telomere length to reduced survival.Here, we have studied maternal and offspring telomere dynamics in the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara). Our study has focused on a population where oviparous and viviparous individuals co-occur in the same habitat and occasionally interbreed to form admixed individuals.While viviparity confers many advantages for offspring, it might also incur substantial costs for the mother, for example require more energy. Therefore, we predicted that viviparous mothers would have relatively shorter telomeres than oviparous mothers, with admixed mothers having intermediate telomere lengths. There is thought to be a heritable component to telomere length; therefore, we also hypothesized that offspring would follow the same pattern as the mothers.Contrary to our predictions, the viviparous mothers and offspring had the longest telomeres, and the oviparous mothers and offspring had the shortest telomeres. The differing telomere lengths may have evolved as an effect of the life-history divergence between the reproductive modes, for example due to the increased growth rate that viviparous individuals may undergo to reach a similar size at reproduction. A free http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13408/suppinfo can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

Project description:Despite its promising therapeutic potential, nanoparticle-mediated magnetic hyperthermia is currently limited to the treatment of localized and relatively accessible cancer tumors because the required therapeutic temperatures above 40 °C can only be achieved by direct intratumoral injection of conventional iron oxide nanoparticles. To realize the true potential of magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment, there is an unmet need for nanoparticles with high heating capacity that can efficiently accumulate at tumor sites following systemic administration and generate desirable intratumoral temperatures upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). Although there have been many attempts to develop the desired nanoparticles, reported animal studies reveal the challenges associated with reaching therapeutically relevant intratumoral temperatures following systemic administration at clinically relevant doses. Therefore, we developed efficient magnetic nanoclusters with enhanced heating efficiency for systemically delivered magnetic hyperthermia that are composed of cobalt- and manganese-doped, hexagon-shaped iron oxide nanoparticles (CoMn-IONP) encapsulated in biocompatible PEG-PCL (poly(ethylene glycol)- b-poly(ε-caprolactone))-based nanocarriers. Animal studies validated that the developed nanoclusters are nontoxic, efficiently accumulate in ovarian cancer tumors following a single intravenous injection, and elevate intratumoral temperature up to 44 °C upon exposure to safe and tolerable AMF. Moreover, the obtained results confirmed the efficiency of the nanoclusters to generate the required intratumoral temperature after repeated injections and demonstrated that nanocluster-mediated magnetic hyperthermia significantly inhibits cancer growth. In summary, this nanoplatform is a milestone in the development of systemically delivered magnetic hyperthermia for the treatment of cancer tumors that are difficult to access for intratumoral injection.

Dataset Information

Climate dependent heating efficiency in the common lizard.

Publications

Climate dependent heating efficiency in the common lizard.

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