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Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Nigeria: Data from a Nationwide Survey 2017.

ABSTRACT: Background:Previous studies that evaluated the prevalence, awareness and treatment of hypertension in Nigeria were either localized to some specific regions of the country or non-standardized thereby making evaluation of trend in hypertension care difficult. Methods:We used the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance to evaluate in a nationally representative sample of 4192 adult Nigerians selected from a rural and an urban community in one state in each of the six geo-political zones of the country. Results:The overall age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 38.1% and this varied across the geo-political zones as follows: North-Central, 20.9%; North-East, 27.5%; North-West, 26.8%; South-East, 52.8%; South-South, 44.6%; and South-West, 42.1%. Prevalence rate did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) according to place of residence; 39.2% versus 37.5 %; urban vs rural. Prevalence of hypertension increased from 6.8% among subjects less than 30 years to 63.0% among those aged 70 years and above. Awareness was better (62.2% vs. 56.6%; P = 0.0272); treatment rate significantly higher (40.9 % vs. 30.8%; P < 0.0001) and control similar (14 vs. 10.8%) among urban compared to rural residents. Women were more aware of (63.3% vs. 52.8%; P < 0.0001); had similar (P > 0.05) treatment (36.7 vs. 34.3%) and control (33.9% vs. 35.5%) rates of hypertension compared to men. Conclusion:Our results suggest a large burden of hypertension in Nigeria and a closing up of the rural-urban gap previously reported. This calls for a change in public health policies anchored on a primary health care system to address the emerging disease burden occasioned by hypertension.

SUBMITTER: Odili AN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7427662 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Nigeria: Data from a Nationwide Survey 2017.

Odili Augustine N AN Chori Babangida S BS Danladi Benjamin B Nwakile Peter C PC Okoye Innocent C IC Abdullahi Umar U Nwegbu Maxwell N MN Zawaya Kefas K Essien Ime I Sada Kabiru K Ogedengbe John O JO Aje Akinyemi A Isiguzo Godsent C GC

Global heart 20200710 1

<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies that evaluated the prevalence, awareness and treatment of hypertension in Nigeria were either localized to some specific regions of the country or non-standardized thereby making evaluation of trend in hypertension care difficult.<h4>Methods</h4>We used the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance to evaluate in a nationally representative sample of 4192 adult Nigerians selected from a rural and an urban com ...[more]

PMID: 32923341

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Project description:BackgroundProviding an equitable Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is key for progressing towards the sustainable development goals in the health systems. To help policymakers make hypertension services more equitable with existing (limited) resources in Iran, we examined the inequality of the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control (PATC) of hypertension as the four indicators of hypertension UHC in Iran. METHODS: This research was a cross-sectional study of inequality of PATC of hypertension using a representative sample of Iranians aged ≥ 25 years from the Iran 2016 STEP wise approach to Surveillance study (STEPS). Outcome variables consisted of PATC of hypertension. Covariates were demographic (age, sex, and marital status) and living standard (area of residence, wealth status, education, and health insurance) indicators. We drew concentration curves (CC) and estimated concentration indices (C). We also conducted normalized Erreygers decomposition analysis for binary outcomes to identify covariates that explain the wealth-related inequality in the outcomes. Analysis was conducted in STATA 14.1.ResultsThe normalized concentration index of hypertension prevalence and control was -0.066 (p < .001) and 0.082 (p < .001), respectively. The C of awareness and treatment showed nonsignificant difference between the richest and poorest. Inequality in the hypertension prevalence of females was significantly higher than males (C = -0.103 vs. male C = -0.023, p < .001). Our analyses explained 33% of variation in the C of hypertension prevalence and 99.7% of variation in the C of control. Education, wealth index, and complementary insurance explained most inequality in the prevalence. Area of residence, education, wealth status, and complementary insurance had the largest contribution to C of control by 30%, 28%, 26%, and 21%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study showed a pro-rich inequality in the prevalence and control of hypertension in Iran. We call for expanding the coverage of complementary insurance to reduce inequality of hypertension prevalence and control as compared with other factors it can be manipulated in short run. We furthermore advocate for interventions to reduce the inequality of hypertension control between rural and urban areas.

Dataset Information

Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Nigeria: Data from a Nationwide Survey 2017.

Publications

Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Nigeria: Data from a Nationwide Survey 2017.

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