Dataset Information

Cohort Analysis of Epithelial Cancer Mortality Male-to-Female Sex Ratios in the European Union, USA, and Japan.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To illustrate trends in sex ratios in epithelial cancer mortality in the EU, USA, and Japan, with a focus on age-specific and cohort patterns. METHODS:We obtained certified deaths and resident populations from the World Health Organisation for the period of 1970-2014 for the USA, Japan, and the EU for 12 epithelial cancer sites. From these, we calculated both the age-specific and age-standardised male-to-female mortality sex ratios. We applied an age-period-cohort model to the sex ratios in order to disentangle the effects of age, period of death, and birth cohort. RESULTS:Age-standardised mortality sex ratios were found to be unfavourable to males, apart from thyroid cancer. The highest standardised rates were in laryngeal cancer: 7·7 in the 1970s in the USA, 17·4 in the 1980s in the EU, and 16·8 in the 2000s in Japan. Cohort patterns likely to be due to excess smoking (1890 cohort) and drinking (1940 cohort) in men were identified in the USA, and were present but less defined in the EU and Japan for the oral cavity, oesophagus, liver, pancreas, larynx, lung, bladder, and kidney. CONCLUSION:Mortality sex ratio patterns are partly explained by the differences in exposure to known and avoidable risk factors. These are mostly tobacco, alcohol, and obesity/overweight, as well as other lifestyle-related factors.

SUBMITTER: Carioli G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7432705 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cohort Analysis of Epithelial Cancer Mortality Male-to-Female Sex Ratios in the European Union, USA, and Japan.

Carioli Greta G Bertuccio Paola P Levi Fabio F Boffetta Paolo P Negri Eva E La Vecchia Carlo C Malvezzi Matteo M

International journal of environmental research and public health 20200723 15

<h4>Objective</h4>To illustrate trends in sex ratios in epithelial cancer mortality in the EU, USA, and Japan, with a focus on age-specific and cohort patterns.<h4>Methods</h4>We obtained certified deaths and resident populations from the World Health Organisation for the period of 1970-2014 for the USA, Japan, and the EU for 12 epithelial cancer sites. From these, we calculated both the age-specific and age-standardised male-to-female mortality sex ratios. We applied an age-period-cohort model ...[more]

PMID: 32718003

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Project description:BackgroundUnderstanding the epidemiological characteristics of various cancers can optimize the prevention and control strategies in the national cancer control plan. This study aimed to report the burden differences, pattern trend, and potential risk factors of all neoplasm types in China in recent 30 years, and further compared with top economies in the world.MethodsThe disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of all neoplasms with the attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in China, Japan, European Union, USA, and the world were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The temporal trend analysis was estimated using the joinpoint regression model.ResultsIn 2019, about 251.4 million DALYs worldwide were caused by all neoplasms, and nearly 26.9% (67.5 million DALYs) occurred in China with the ASDR in 2019 of 342.09/10 000, which was higher than European Union (334.25/10 000), USA (322.94/10 000), and Japan (250.36/10 000). Although the cancer burden of the colorectum, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, oral cavity, ovary, and kidney in China was lower than in Japan, European Union and USA, the corresponding ASDR gradually increased in China over the past 30 years, but declined in the three developed areas. Around 46.29% of overall neoplasms DALYs in China in 2019 were attributed to 22 identified risk factors, and the specific risk attributable-fraction for several neoplasm types varied greatly in these regions.ConclusionThe ASDR of cancers of the lung, colorectum, pancreas, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, oral cavity, ovary, kidney, and chronic lymphoid leukemia increased in China compared to 30 years ago. With the population aging and the social transformation in China, the increasing burden of neoplasms and the changing spectrum of neoplasms suggest that effective comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be adopted to reduce the burden, including public health education, strict tobacco-control policy, healthier lifestyles, along with expanding vaccination programs and early cancer screening.

Dataset Information

Cohort Analysis of Epithelial Cancer Mortality Male-to-Female Sex Ratios in the European Union, USA, and Japan.

Publications

Cohort Analysis of Epithelial Cancer Mortality Male-to-Female Sex Ratios in the European Union, USA, and Japan.

Similar Datasets

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