Dataset Information

C(sp²)-H Borylation of Heterocycles by Well-Defined Bis(silylene)pyridine Cobalt(III) Precatalysts: Pincer Modification, C(sp²)-H Activation and Catalytically Relevant Intermediates.

ABSTRACT: Well-defined bis(silylene)pyridine cobalt(III) precatalysts for C(sp²)-H borylation have been synthesized and applied to the investigation of the mechanism of the catalytic borylation of furans and pyridines. Specifically, [( ^Ar SiNSi)CoH₃]·NaHBEt₃ ( ^Ar SiNSi = 2,6-[EtNSi(N^tBu)₂CAr]₂C₅H₃N, Ar = C₆H₅ (1-H ₃ ·NaHBEt ₃ ), 4-MeC₆H₄ (2-H ₃ ·NaHBEt ₃ )) and trans-[( ^Ar SiNSi)Co(H)₂BPin] (Ar = C₆H₅ (1-(H) ₂ BPin), 4-MeC₆H₄ (2-(H) ₂ BPin), Pin = pinacolato) were prepared and employed as single component precatalysts for the C(sp²)-H borylation of 2-methylfuran, benzofuran and 2,6-lutidine. The cobalt(III) precursors, 2-H ₃ ·NaHBEt ₃ and 2-(H) ₂ BPin also promoted C(sp²)-H activation of benzofuran, yielding [(^ArSiNSi)CoH(Bf)₂] (Ar = 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-H(Bf) ₂ , Bf = 2-benzofuranyl). Monitoring the catalytic borylation of 2-methylfuran and 2,6-lutidine by ¹H NMR spectroscopy established the trans-dihydride cobalt(III) boryl as the catalyst resting state at low substrate conversion. At higher conversion two distinct pincer modification pathways were identified, depending on the substrate and the boron source.

SUBMITTER: Arevalo R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7440285 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

C(sp2)-H Borylation of Heterocycles by Well-Defined Bis(silylene)pyridine Cobalt(III) Precatalysts: Pincer Modification, C(sp2)-H Activation and Catalytically Relevant Intermediates.

Arevalo Rebeca R Pabst Tyler P TP Chirik Paul J PJ

Organometallics 20200708 14

Well-defined bis(silylene)pyridine cobalt(III) precatalysts for C(sp2)-H borylation have been synthesized and applied to the investigation of the mechanism of the catalytic borylation of furans and pyridines. Specifically, [( Ar SiNSi)CoH3]·NaHBEt3 ( Ar SiNSi = 2,6-[EtNSi(NtBu)2CAr]2C5H3N, Ar = C6H5 (1-H 3 ·NaHBEt ...[more]

PMID: 32831451

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Project description:The mechanism for the borylation of an aromatic substrate by a cobalt pincer complex was investigated by density functional theory calculations. Experimental observations identified trans-(iPrPNP)CoH2(BPin) as the resting state in the borylation of five-membered heteroarenes, and 4-BPin-(iPrPNP)Co(N2)BPin as the resting state in the catalytic borylation of arene substrates. The active species, 4-R-(iPrPNP)CoBPin (R=H, BPin), were generated by reductive elimination of H2 in the former, through Berry pseudorotation to the cis isomer, and N2 loss in the latter. The catalytic mechanism of the resulting Co(I) complex was computed to involve three main steps: C-H oxidative addition of the aromatic substrate (C6H6), reductive elimination of PhBPin, and regeneration of the active complex. The oxidative addition product formed through the most favorable pathway, where the breaking C-H bond of C6H6 is parallel to a line between the two phosphine atoms, leaves the complex with a distorted PNP ligand, which rearranges to a more stable complex via dissociation and re-association of HBPin. Alternative pathways, σ-bond metathesis and the oxidative addition in which the breaking C-H bond is parallel to the Co-B bond, are predicted to be unlikely for this Co(I) complex. The thermodynamically favorable formation of the product PhBPin via reductive elimination drives the reaction forward. The active species regenerates through the oxidative addition of B2Pin2 and reductive elimination of HBPin. In the overall reaction, the flipping (refolding) of the five-membered phosphine rings, which connects the species with two phosphine rings folded in the same direction and that with them folded in different directions, is found to play an important role in the catalytic process, as it relieves steric crowding within the PNP ligand and opens Co coordination space. Metal-ligand cooperation based on the ligand's aromatization/dearomatization, a common mechanism for heavy-metal pincer complexes, and the dissociation of one phosphine ligand, do not apply in this system. This study provides guidance for understanding important features of pincer ligands with first-transition-row metals that differ from those in heavier metal complexes.

Dataset Information

C(sp²)-H Borylation of Heterocycles by Well-Defined Bis(silylene)pyridine Cobalt(III) Precatalysts: Pincer Modification, C(sp²)-H Activation and Catalytically Relevant Intermediates.

Publications

C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-H Borylation of Heterocycles by Well-Defined Bis(silylene)pyridine Cobalt(III) Precatalysts: Pincer Modification, C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-H Activation and Catalytically Relevant Intermediates.

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