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Origins Space Telescope: predictions for far-IR spectroscopic surveys.

ABSTRACT: We illustrate the extraordinary potential of the (far-IR) Origins Survey Spectrometer (OSS) on board the Origins Space Telescope (OST) to address a variety of open issues on the co-evolution of galaxies and AGNs. We present predictions for blind surveys, each of 1000 h, with different mapped areas (a shallow survey covering an area of 10 deg2 and a deep survey of 1 deg2) and two different concepts of the OST/OSS: with a 5.9m telescope (Concept 2, our reference configuration) and with a 9.1 m telescope (Concept 1, previous configuration). In 1000 h, surveys with the reference concept will detect from ~ 1.9 × 106 to ~ 8.7 × 106 lines from ~ 4.8 × 105-2.7 × 106 star-forming galaxies and from ~ 1.4 × 104 to ~ 3.8 × 104 lines from ~ 1.3 × 104-3.5 × 104 AGNs. The shallow survey will detect substantially more sources than the deep one; the advantage of the latter in pushing detections to lower luminosities/higher redshifts turns out to be quite limited. The OST/OSS will reach, in the same observing time, line fluxes more than one order of magnitude fainter than the SPICA/SMI and will cover a much broader redshift range. In particular it will detect tens of thousands of galaxies at z ? 5, beyond the reach of that instrument. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons lines are potentially bright enough to allow the detection of hundreds of thousands of star-forming galaxies up to z ~ 8.5, i.e. all the way through the re-ionization epoch. The proposed surveys will allow us to explore the galaxy-AGN co-evolution up to z ~ 5.5 - 6 with very good statistics. OST Concept 1 does not offer significant advantages for the scientific goals presented here.

SUBMITTER: Bonato M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7440398 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Origins Space Telescope: predictions for far-IR spectroscopic surveys.

Bonato Matteo M De Zotti Gianfranco G Leisawitz David D Negrello Mattia M Massardi Marcella M Baronchelli Ivano I Cai Zhen-Yi ZY Bradford Charles M CM Pope Alexandra A Murphy Eric J EJ Armus Lee L Cooray Asantha A

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia : PASA 20190424

We illustrate the extraordinary potential of the (far-IR) Origins Survey Spectrometer (OSS) on board the Origins Space Telescope (OST) to address a variety of open issues on the co-evolution of galaxies and AGNs. We present predictions for blind surveys, each of 1000 h, with different mapped areas (a shallow survey covering an area of 10 deg<sup>2</sup> and a deep survey of 1 deg<sup>2</sup>) and two different concepts of the OST/OSS: with a 5.9m telescope (Concept 2, our reference configuration ...[more]

PMID: 32832939

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Project description:AimsThis paper investigates how the far-IR water ice features can be used to infer properties of disks around T Tauri stars and the water ice thermal history. We explore the power of future observations with SOFIA/HIRMES and SPICA's proposed far-IR instrument SAFARI.MethodsA series of detailed radiative transfer disk models around a representative T Tauri star are used to investigate how the far-IR water ice features at 45 and 63 μm change with key disk properties: disk size, grain sizes, disk dust mass, dust settling, and ice thickness. In addition, a series of models is devised to calculate the water ice emission features from warmup, direct deposit and cooldown scenarios of the water ice in disks.ResultsPhotodesorption from icy grains in disk surfaces weakens the mid-IR water ice features by factors 4-5. The far-IR water ice emission features originate from small grains at the surface snow line in disks at distance of 10-100 au. Unless this reservoir is missing in disks (e.g. transitional disks with large cavities), the feature strength is not changing. Grains larger than 10 μm do not contribute to the features. Grain settling (using turbulent description) is affecting the strength of the ice features by at most 15%. The strength of the ice feature scales with the disk dust mass and water ice fraction on the grains, but saturates for dust masses larger than 10-4 M⊙ and for ice mantles that increase the dust mass by more than 50%. The various thermal histories of water ice leave an imprint on the shape of the features (crystalline/amorphous) as well as on the peak strength and position of the 45 μm feature. SOFIA/HIRMES can only detect crystalline ice features much stronger than simulated in our standard T Tauri disk model in deep exposures (1 hr). SPICA/SAFARI can detect the typical ice features in our standard T Tauri disk model in short exposures (10 min).ConclusionsThe sensitivity of SPICA/SAFARI will allow the detailed study of the 45 and 63 μm water ice feature in unbiased surveys of T Tauri stars in nearby star forming regions and an estimate of the mass of their ice reservoir. The water ice emission features carry an imprint of the thermal history of the ice and thus can distinguish between various formation and transport scenarios. Amorphous ice at 45 μm that has a much broader and flatter peak could be detected in deep surveys if the underlying continuum can be well characterized and the baseline stability of SAFARI is better than a few percent.

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Origins Space Telescope: predictions for far-IR spectroscopic surveys.

Publications

Origins Space Telescope: predictions for far-IR spectroscopic surveys.

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