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Determination of the phenotypic age in residents of Mexico City: effect of accelerated ageing on lung function and structure.

ABSTRACT: Introduction:Phenotypic age better represents age-related biological dysregulation than chronological age. Recently, a multisystem-based ageing measure, which integrates chronological age and nine biomarkers, was proposed. Methods:Phenotypic age was determined in 774 residents of Mexico City over 60?years old and without respiratory problems. We arbitrarily classified as "accelerated" ageing, those showing >4?years compared with their chronological age, and "slowed" ageing, those with <4 years compared with chronological age. Demographic risk factors were analysed with structured questionnaires. Lung structure was evaluated by high-resolution computed tomography and functional competence was analysed by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (D LCO), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Results:Overall, 13% of this cohort showed accelerated ageing, which was corroborated with four independent biomarkers of ageing, 42% had normal ageing and 46% had slowed ageing. Risk factors associated with accelerated ageing were male sex (OR 4.4, 95% CI 2.4-7.9; p<0.01), diabetes mellitus (OR 9.7, 95% CI 5.5-17.2; p<0.01), and long-term sleep duration (OR 2.9 95% CI 1.34-6.35, p<0.01). Among smokers, there was a slight but significant association with the number of pack-years. Subjects with accelerated ageing showed decreased FVC (p<0.0001), FEV1 (p<0.0001), D LCO (p<0.02) and walking distance in the 6MWT (p=0.0001). Slowed-ageing subjects presented less frequently with emphysematous lesions compared with those with accelerated ageing. Conclusions:A small but significant proportion of residents of Mexico City age rapidly, which is associated with male sex, diabetes, and long-term sleep duration. They exhibit lower levels of lung function and develop emphysema more frequently.

SUBMITTER: Buendia-Roldan I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7445116 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Determination of the phenotypic age in residents of Mexico City: effect of accelerated ageing on lung function and structure.

Buendía-Roldan Ivette I Fernández-Plata Rosario R Valdes-Bartolo Abigail A Mejia Mayra M Jaramillo Luis E LE Martínez-Briseño David D Santiago-Ruiz Armando A Tapia-Aguilar Hugo H Gómez-Zamora Brenda B Pardo Annie A Selman Moises M

ERJ open research 20200701 3

<h4>Introduction</h4>Phenotypic age better represents age-related biological dysregulation than chronological age. Recently, a multisystem-based ageing measure, which integrates chronological age and nine biomarkers, was proposed.<h4>Methods</h4>Phenotypic age was determined in 774 residents of Mexico City over 60 years old and without respiratory problems. We arbitrarily classified as "accelerated" ageing, those showing >4 years compared with their chronological age, and "slowed" ageing, those ...[more]

PMID: 32864379

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Project description:UNLABELLED:Geostatistical interpolation methods to estimate individual exposure to outdoor air pollutants can be used in pregnancy cohorts where personal exposure data are not collected. Our objectives were to a) develop four assessment methods (citywide average (CWA); nearest monitor (NM); inverse distance weighting (IDW); and ordinary Kriging (OK)), and b) compare daily metrics and cross-validations of interpolation models. We obtained 2008 hourly data from Mexico City's outdoor air monitoring network for PM10, PM2.5, O3, CO, NO2, and SO2 and constructed daily exposure metrics for 1,000 simulated individual locations across five populated geographic zones. Descriptive statistics from all methods were calculated for dry and wet seasons, and by zone. We also evaluated IDW and OK methods' ability to predict measured concentrations at monitors using cross validation and a coefficient of variation (COV). All methods were performed using SAS 9.3, except ordinary Kriging which was modeled using R's gstat package. Overall, mean concentrations and standard deviations were similar among the different methods for each pollutant. Correlations between methods were generally high (r=0.77 to 0.99). However, ranges of estimated concentrations determined by NM, IDW, and OK were wider than the ranges for CWA. Root mean square errors for OK were consistently equal to or lower than for the IDW method. OK standard errors varied considerably between pollutants and the computed COVs ranged from 0.46 (least error) for SO2 and PM10 to 3.91 (most error) for PM2.5. OK predicted concentrations measured at the monitors better than IDW and NM. Given the similarity in results for the exposure methods, OK is preferred because this method alone provides predicted standard errors which can be incorporated in statistical models. The daily estimated exposures calculated using these different exposure methods provide flexibility to evaluate multiple windows of exposure during pregnancy, not just trimester or pregnancy-long exposures. IMPLICATIONS:Many studies evaluating associations between outdoor air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes rely on outdoor air pollution monitoring data linked to information gathered from large birth registries, and often lack residence location information needed to estimate individual exposure. This study simulated 1,000 residential locations to evaluate four air pollution exposure assessment methods, and describes possible exposure misclassification from using spatial averaging versus geostatistical interpolation models. An implication of this work is that policies to reduce air pollution and exposure among pregnant women based on epidemiologic literature should take into account possible error in estimates of effect when spatial averages alone are evaluated.

Dataset Information

Determination of the phenotypic age in residents of Mexico City: effect of accelerated ageing on lung function and structure.

Publications

Determination of the phenotypic age in residents of Mexico City: effect of accelerated ageing on lung function and structure.

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