COVID-19 in patients with neurological disorders.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Onteddu SR
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7445184 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8884477 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected healthcare at different levels and almost all medical specialties are impacted one way or the other. In this review we try to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on neurology in particular and suggest changes that can be adopted in different neurologic diseases for navigating this pandemic without compromising the healthcare delivery to this specific patient population.
| S-EPMC8040455 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNeurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported from many countries around the world, including the South Asian region. This surveillance study aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disorders associated with COVID-19 in Sri Lanka.MethodsCOVID-19 patients manifesting neurological disorders one week prior and up to six weeks after infection were recruited from all the neurology centres of the government hospitals in Sri Lanka from May 2021 - May 2022. Data was collected using a structured data form that was electronically transmitted to a central repository. All patients were evaluated and managed by a neurologist. Data were analysed using simple descriptive analysis to characterise demographic and disease related variables, and simple comparisons and logistic regression were performed to analyse outcomes and their associations.ResultsOne hundred and eighty-four patients with neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 were recruited from all nine provinces in Sri Lanka. Ischaemic stroke (31%) was the commonest neurological manifestation followed by encephalopathy (13.6%), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) (9.2%) and encephalitis (7.6%). Ischaemic stroke, encephalitis and encephalopathy presented within 6 days of onset of COVID-19 symptoms, whereas GBS and myelitis presented up to 10 days post onset while epilepsy and Bell palsy presented up to 20 - 40 days post onset. Haemorrhagic stroke presented either just prior to or at onset, or 10 - 25 days post onset of COVID-19 symptomatic infection. An increased frequency of children presenting with encephalitis and encephalopathy was observed during the Omicron variant predominant period. A poor outcome (no recovery or death) was associated with supplemental oxygen requirement during admission (Odds Ratio: 12.94; p = 0.046).ConclusionsThe spectrum and frequencies of COVID-19 associated neurological disorders in Sri Lanka were similar to that reported from other countries, with strokes and encephalopathy being the commonest. Requiring supplemental oxygen during hospitalisation was associated with a poor outcome.
| S-EPMC10548601 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo study the risk of acquiring Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its outcomes in patients on immunosuppressive therapy (IST) for chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorders (aNMD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsWe used TriNetX, a global health collaborative clinical research platform collecting real-time electronic medical records data, which has one of the largest known global COVID-19 database. We included patients with chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorders (aNMD) [myasthenia gravis (MG), inflammatory myositis, and chronic inflammatory neuropathies (CIN)] and MS, based on the International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) coding for one year before January 20th, 2020. We examined the use of IST, rate of COVID- 19, hospitalization, intubation, and mortality among the patients with aNMD and MS.ResultsA total of 33,451 patients with aNMD and 42,899 patients with MS were included. Among them, 111 (0.33%) patients with aNMD and 115 patients (0.27%) with MS had COVID-19. About one third of them required hospitalization. IST did not appear to have a significant impact on overall infection risk in either group; however, risk of hospitalization for immunosuppressed patients with aNMD was higher (Odds ratio 2.86, p-value 0.011).ConclusionsIST use does not appear to make patients with aNMD and MS more vulnerable to COVID-19. IST may be continued during the pandemic, as previously suggested by expert opinion guidelines. However, it is important to consider individualizing immunotherapy regimens in some cases. Additional physician reported registry-based data is needed to further confirm these findings.
| S-EPMC7837234 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Patients suffering from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can develop neurological sequelae, such as headache, neuroinflammatory or cerebrovascular disease. These conditions - here termed Neuro-COVID - are more frequent in patients with severe COVID-19. To understand the etiology of these neurological sequelae, we utilized single-cell sequencing and examined the immune cell profiles from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Neuro-COVID patients compared to patients with non-inflammatory and autoimmune neurological diseases or with viral encephalitis. The CSF of Neuro-COVID patients exhibited an expansion of dedifferentiated monocytes and of exhausted CD4+ T cells. Neuro-COVID CSF leukocytes featured an enriched interferon signature; however, this was less pronounced than in viral encephalitis. Repertoire analysis revealed broad clonal T cell expansion and curtailed interferon response in severe compared to mild Neuro-COVID patients. Collectively, our findings document the CSF immune compartment in Neuro-COVID patients and suggest compromised antiviral responses in this setting.
2020-12-11 | GSE163005 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundThe costs and benefits of full lockdown measures are debated. Neurologically impaired children are a vulnerable population with specific needs in terms of protection against infection and access to health services.ObjectivesWe investigated the effects of lockdown on the health of children with neurological disorders and on their access to care during lockdown.MethodsData from 514 children (282 males - 232 females) were collected through physician-administered interviews to investigate: the occurrence of viral-like physical symptoms, the correlation between the risk of developing such symptoms and several demographic and clinical variables, the occurrence of any worsening of the children's neurological conditions during lockdown, and their access to care services during this period.Results49.1% experienced at least one symptom during the study period, but no child developed severe complications. The prevalence of symptoms was significantly lower during lockdown than during the previous two months. The underlying neurological condition worsened in 11.5% of the patients. Children who regularly left the home during lockdown were greater risk of exhibiting symptoms. During lockdown, 67.7% had a specialist appointment cancelled, 52.6% contacted their paediatrician, and 30.9% contacted their child neuropsychiatrist. Among patients who usually receive rehabilitation, 49.5% continued remotely.ConclusionLockdown protected children from infections. Telemedicine and telerehabilitation constituted a valid alternative for the care and treatment of these children, but they should not become a widespread and definitive model of care. COVID-19 and other emergency response plans must take into account the specific needs of children with disabilities.
| S-EPMC7832678 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In the recent pandemic disease, called COVID-19, the role of neurologists and neurobiologists represents a chance to study key features of brain infection and deepen neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections. In fact, many studies suggest brain damage during infection and persistent neurological symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Reverse transcription PCR test, antibody tests, Computed Tomography (CT) of the lung, and Magnetic Resonance (MR) of the brain of the patient were periodically performed during this case report for eight months after infection. The aim of this article is to describe the prolonged neurological clinical consequences related to COVID-19. We believe it is clinically clear that we can define a post-acute COVID-19 neurological syndrome. Therefore, in patients after a severe clinical condition of COVID-19, a deepening of persistent neurological signs is necessary.
| S-EPMC8066611 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is a newly conducted respiratory disease caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). The current study aims to estimate the neurological diseases which develop after COVID-19 infection.MethodThis is a single center retrospective case series conducted in seven months. the patients were collected in an out-patient clinic. Diagnosis of COVID-19 and the way of diagnosis is confirmed through either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19 and/or typical findings on chest computed tomography scan (CT scan). Patients developed neurological symptoms after being infected with COVID-19. Symptoms have to be developed within less than 6 months of recovery, or developed during illness and persisted after recovery.ResultA total number of 59 patients infected with SARS-CoV2 were included. The majority of the patients had mild symptoms 32 (54%), 12 (20%) patients developed severe symptoms. Headache was the most common presenting symptom 27(46%) followed by fatigue in 8 (13.5%). The majority of the patients 55 (91.6%) presented with no focal signs. MRI was done for 27 (46%) patients without abnormal finding in 22 cases. Nearly 22 (37.3%) cases were diagnosed as recurrent episodes of migraine or new onset of migraine. All patients were managed according to the underlying pathology, only (28, 47.5%) patients were known to be completely recovered.ConclusionSARS-CoV2 can invade and cause inflammation in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is responsible for many neurological problems. More studies are necessary to analyze the long term effect of the virus on the nervous system.
| S-EPMC8957714 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-BSST416 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background and purposeHealth risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection are undisputed. Moreover, the capability of vaccination to prevent symptomatic, severe, and fatal COVID-19 is recognized. There is also early evidence that vaccination can reduce the chance for long COVID-19. Nonetheless, the willingness to get vaccinated and receive booster shots remains subpar among people with neurologic disorders. Vaccine scepticism not only jeopardizes collective efforts to end the COVID-19 pandemic but puts individual lives at risk, as some chronic neurologic diseases are associated with a higher risk for an unfavorable COVID-19 course.MethodsIn this position paper, the NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force of the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) summarizes the current knowledge on the prognosis of COVID-19 among patients with neurologic disease, elucidates potential barriers to vaccination coverage, and formulates strategies to overcome vaccination hesitancy. A survey among the Task Force members on the phenomenon of vaccination hesitancy among people with neurologic disease supports the lines of argumentation.ResultsThe study revealed that people with multiple sclerosis and other nervous system autoimmune disorders are most skeptical of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The prevailing concerns included the chance of worsening the pre-existing neurological condition, vaccination-related adverse events, and drug interaction.ConclusionsThe EAN NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force reinforces the key role of neurologists as advocates of COVID-19 vaccination. Neurologists need to argue in the interest of their patients about the overwhelming individual and global benefits of COVID-19 vaccination. Moreover, they need to keep on eye on this vulnerable patient group, its concerns, and the emergence of potential safety signals.
| S-EPMC9111566 | biostudies-literature