Nitrogen-Containing Hydrochar: The Influence of Nitrogen-Containing Compounds on the Hydrochar Formation.

ABSTRACT: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of fructose and urea containing solutions was conducted at 180?°C to study the influence of nitrogen-containing compounds on conversion and product properties. The concentration of fructose was fixed, while the concentration of urea was gradually increased to study its influence on the formation of nitrogen-containing hydrochar (N-HC). The degradation of urea has an important influence on the HTC of fructose. The Maillard reaction (MR) promotes the formation of N-HC in acidic conditions. However, in alkaline conditions, MR promotes the formation of bio-oil at the expense of N-HC. Alkaline conditions reduce N-HC yield by catalyzing fragmentation reactions of fructose and by promoting the isomerization of fructose to glucose. The results showed that adjusting the concentration of nitrogen-containing compounds or the pH value of the reaction environment is important to force the reaction toward the formation of N-HC or N-bio-oil.

SUBMITTER: Korner P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7446608 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature