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Metabolic cross-feeding in imbalanced diets allows gut microbes to improve reproduction and alter host behaviour.

ABSTRACT: The impact of commensal bacteria on the host arises from complex microbial-diet-host interactions. Mapping metabolic interactions in gut microbial communities is therefore key to understand how the microbiome influences the host. Here we use an interdisciplinary approach including isotope-resolved metabolomics to show that in Drosophila melanogaster, Acetobacter pomorum (Ap) and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) a syntrophic relationship is established to overcome detrimental host diets and identify Ap as the bacterium altering the host's feeding decisions. Specifically, we show that Ap uses the lactate produced by Lp to supply amino acids that are essential to Lp, allowing it to grow in imbalanced diets. Lactate is also necessary and sufficient for Ap to alter the fly's protein appetite. Our data show that gut bacterial communities use metabolic interactions to become resilient to detrimental host diets. These interactions also ensure the constant flow of metabolites used by the microbiome to alter reproduction and host behaviour.

SUBMITTER: Henriques SF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7447780 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabolic cross-feeding in imbalanced diets allows gut microbes to improve reproduction and alter host behaviour.

Henriques Sílvia F SF Dhakan Darshan B DB Serra Lúcia L Francisco Ana Patrícia AP Carvalho-Santos Zita Z Baltazar Célia C Elias Ana Paula AP Anjos Margarida M Zhang Tong T Maddocks Oliver D K ODK Ribeiro Carlos C

Nature communications 20200825 1

The impact of commensal bacteria on the host arises from complex microbial-diet-host interactions. Mapping metabolic interactions in gut microbial communities is therefore key to understand how the microbiome influences the host. Here we use an interdisciplinary approach including isotope-resolved metabolomics to show that in Drosophila melanogaster, Acetobacter pomorum (Ap) and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) a syntrophic relationship is established to overcome detrimental host diets and identify ...[more]

PMID: 32843654

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Project description:Feed efficiency is one of the most important issues for sustainable pig production. Daily-phase feeding (DPF) is a form of precision feeding that could improve feed efficiency in pigs. Gut microbiota can regulate host nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. However, which key microbes may play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency during DPF remains unclear. In the present study, we used a DPF program compared to a three-phase feeding (TPF) program in growing-finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gut microbiota on feed efficiency. A total of 204 Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (75 d) were randomly assigned into 2 treatments. Each treatment was replicated 8 times with 13 to 15 pigs per replicate pen. Pigs in the TPF group were fed with a commercial feeding program that supplied fixed feed for phases I, II, and III, starting at 81, 101, and 132 d of age, respectively, and pigs in the DPF group were fed a blend of adjacent phase feed from 81 to 155 d at a gradual daily ratio and phase III feed from 155 to 180 d of age. Daily feed intake and body weight were recorded by a computerized device in the feeders. Feces and blood samples were collected from 1 pig per replicate at 155 and 180 d of age. The results showed that the DPF program remarkably improved the feed efficiency at 155 d (P < 0.001) and 180 d of age (P < 0.001), with a significant reduction of the intake of crude protein (P < 0.01), net energy (P < 0.001), crude fiber (P < 0.001), ether extract (P < 0.01), and ash (P < 0.001). The daily-phase feeding program increased the abundance of Prevotella copri (P < 0.05) and Paraprevotella clara (P < 0.05), while it decreased the abundance of Ocilibacter (P < 0.05) at 155 d of age. The results of correlation analysis indicated that the differentially abundant microbiota communities were closely associated with 20 metabolites which enriched amino acid and phenylalanine metabolism. Our results suggest that 2 key microbes may contribute to feed efficiency during daily-phase feeding strategies in pigs.

Dataset Information

Metabolic cross-feeding in imbalanced diets allows gut microbes to improve reproduction and alter host behaviour.

Publications

Metabolic cross-feeding in imbalanced diets allows gut microbes to improve reproduction and alter host behaviour.

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